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Library / Biology / History of Chemistry, Volume 1 (of 2) / Braille

History of Chemistry, Volume 1 (of 2) ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

262,413 braille cells · 279 embossed pages at 40×25 · 1,526 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠺⠊⠇⠇⠀⠃⠑⠀⠊⠎⠎⠥⠑⠙⠀⠙⠥⠗⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠕⠥⠗⠎⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠁⠥⠞⠥⠍⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠼⠁⠊⠚⠊⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠓⠊⠎⠞⠕⠗⠽⠀⠕⠋
⠀⠠⠁⠎⠞⠗⠕⠝⠕⠍⠽⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠃⠽⠀⠠⠠⠛⠑⠕⠗⠛⠑⠀
⠠⠠⠋⠕⠗⠃⠑⠎⠂⠀⠠⠍⠲⠠⠁⠲⠂⠀⠠⠋⠲⠠⠗⠲⠠⠎⠲⠂⠀⠠⠍⠲⠀⠠⠊⠝⠎⠞⠲⠀
⠠⠉⠲⠠⠑⠲⠆⠀⠁⠥⠞⠓⠕⠗⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠞⠗⠁⠝⠎⠊⠞⠀
⠕⠋⠀⠠⠧⠑⠝⠥⠎⠂⠀⠑⠞⠉⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠓⠊⠎⠞⠕⠗⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠠⠉⠓⠑⠍⠊⠎⠞⠗⠽⠒⠀⠠⠧⠕⠇⠲⠀⠠⠊⠲⠀⠉⠊⠗⠉⠁⠀⠼⠃⠚⠚⠚⠀⠠⠃⠲⠠⠉⠲
⠀⠞⠕⠀⠼⠁⠓⠑⠚⠀⠠⠁⠲⠠⠙⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠧⠕⠇⠲⠀⠠⠠⠊⠊⠲⠀⠼⠁⠓⠑⠚⠀
⠠⠁⠲⠠⠙⠲⠀⠞⠕⠀⠙⠁⠞⠑⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠃⠽⠀⠠⠠⠎⠊⠗⠀
⠠⠠⠑⠙⠺⠁⠗⠙⠀⠠⠠⠞⠓⠕⠗⠏⠑⠂⠀⠠⠉⠲⠠⠃⠲⠂⠀⠠⠠⠇⠇⠲⠠⠙⠲⠂⠀
⠠⠋⠲⠠⠗⠲⠠⠎⠲⠂⠀⠠⠙⠊⠗⠑⠉⠞⠕⠗⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠛⠕⠧⠑⠗⠝⠍⠑⠝⠞⠀⠠⠇⠁⠃⠕⠗⠁⠞⠕⠗⠊⠑⠎⠂⠀⠠⠇⠕⠝⠙⠕⠝⠆⠀
⠠⠏⠗⠕⠋⠑⠎⠎⠕⠗⠤⠑⠇⠑⠉⠞⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠠⠙⠊⠗⠑⠉⠞⠕⠗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠕⠋
⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠉⠓⠑⠍⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠠⠇⠁⠃⠕⠗⠁⠞⠕⠗⠊⠑⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠠⠊⠍⠏⠑⠗⠊⠁⠇⠀⠠⠉⠕⠇⠇⠑⠛⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠎⠉⠊⠑⠝⠉⠑⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠁⠝⠙⠀⠠⠞⠑⠉⠓⠝⠕⠇⠕⠛⠽⠆⠀⠁⠥⠞⠓⠕⠗⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠁⠀
⠠⠙⠊⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠁⠗⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠁⠏⠏⠇⠊⠑⠙⠀⠠⠉⠓⠑⠍⠊⠎⠞⠗⠽⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠞⠕⠀⠃⠑⠀⠋⠕⠇⠇⠕⠺⠑⠙⠀⠃⠽⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠓⠊⠎⠞⠕⠗⠽⠀
⠕⠋⠀⠠⠛⠑⠕⠛⠗⠁⠏⠓⠽⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠃⠽⠀⠠⠙⠗⠲⠀⠠⠠⠚⠕⠓⠝⠀
⠠⠠⠎⠉⠕⠞⠞⠀⠠⠠⠅⠑⠇⠞⠊⠑⠂⠀⠠⠋⠲⠠⠗⠲⠠⠛⠲⠠⠎⠲⠂⠀
⠠⠋⠲⠠⠎⠲⠠⠎⠲⠂⠀⠠⠋⠲⠠⠎⠲⠠⠁⠲⠂⠀⠠⠓⠕⠝⠲⠀⠠⠍⠑⠍⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠛⠑⠕⠛⠗⠁⠏⠓⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠠⠎⠕⠉⠊⠑⠞⠊⠑⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠏⠁⠗⠊⠎⠂⠀
⠠⠃⠑⠗⠇⠊⠝⠂⠀⠠⠗⠕⠍⠑⠂⠀⠠⠃⠗⠥⠎⠎⠑⠇⠎⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠁⠍⠎⠞⠑⠗⠙⠁⠍⠂⠀⠠⠛⠑⠝⠑⠧⠁⠂⠀⠑⠞⠉⠲⠆⠀⠁⠥⠞⠓⠕⠗⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠠⠗⠑⠏⠕⠗⠞⠀⠕⠝⠀⠠⠛⠑⠕⠛⠗⠁⠏⠓⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.