Library / Mathematics / On Growth and Form / Braille
On Growth and Form ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition
Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.
Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt
1,718,046 braille cells · 1,821 embossed pages at 40×25 · 22,825 unrepresentable characters omitted
⠶⠠⠺⠗⠑⠎⠵⠝⠊⠕⠺⠎⠅⠊⠶⠀⠲⠀⠲⠀⠲⠀⠼⠃⠙⠊⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠓⠁⠲⠀ ⠠⠞⠗⠊⠉⠓⠕⠙⠊⠝⠁⠀⠏⠑⠙⠊⠉⠥⠇⠥⠎⠀⠲⠀⠲⠀⠲⠀⠼⠃⠑⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠼⠓⠃⠲⠀⠠⠙⠊⠝⠑⠝⠽⠍⠏⠇⠊⠁⠀⠛⠗⠁⠉⠊⠇⠊⠎⠀⠶⠠⠇⠑⠊⠙⠽⠶⠀⠲⠀⠲⠀ ⠲⠀⠼⠃⠑⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠓⠉⠲⠀⠠⠁⠀⠦⠉⠕⠇⠇⠁⠗⠤⠉⠑⠇⠇⠴⠀⠕⠋⠀ ⠠⠉⠕⠙⠕⠎⠊⠛⠁⠀⠲⠀⠲⠀⠲⠀⠼⠃⠑⠙⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠓⠙⠲⠀⠠⠧⠁⠗⠊⠕⠥⠎⠀ ⠎⠏⠑⠉⠊⠑⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠇⠁⠛⠑⠝⠁⠀⠶⠠⠃⠗⠁⠙⠽⠶⠀⠲⠀⠲⠀⠲⠀⠼⠃⠑⠋⠀⠀ ⠼⠓⠑⠲⠀⠠⠓⠁⠝⠛⠊⠝⠛⠀⠙⠗⠕⠏⠎⠂⠀⠞⠕⠀⠊⠇⠇⠥⠎⠞⠗⠁⠞⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀ ⠥⠝⠙⠥⠇⠕⠊⠙⠀⠋⠕⠗⠍⠀⠶⠠⠉⠲⠀⠠⠗⠲⠀⠠⠙⠁⠗⠇⠊⠝⠛⠶⠀⠀⠀⠲⠀⠲⠀⠲ ⠀⠼⠃⠑⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠓⠋⠲⠀⠠⠙⠊⠁⠛⠗⠁⠍⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠀⠋⠇⠥⠞⠑⠙⠀ ⠉⠽⠇⠊⠝⠙⠑⠗⠀⠲⠀⠲⠀⠲⠀⠼⠃⠋⠚⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠓⠛⠲⠀⠠⠝⠕⠙⠕⠎⠁⠗⠊⠁⠀ ⠎⠉⠁⠇⠁⠗⠊⠎⠀⠶⠠⠃⠗⠁⠙⠽⠶⠀⠲⠀⠲⠀⠲⠀⠼⠃⠋⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠓⠓⠲⠀ ⠠⠋⠇⠥⠞⠑⠙⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠏⠇⠑⠁⠞⠑⠙⠀⠛⠕⠝⠁⠝⠛⠊⠁⠀⠕⠋⠀⠉⠑⠗⠞⠁⠊⠝⠀ ⠠⠉⠁⠍⠏⠁⠝⠥⠇⠁⠗⠊⠁⠝⠎⠀⠶⠠⠁⠇⠇⠍⠁⠝⠶⠀⠀⠀⠲⠀⠲⠀⠲⠀⠼⠃⠋⠃⠀⠀ ⠼⠓⠊⠲⠀⠠⠧⠁⠗⠊⠕⠥⠎⠀⠎⠏⠑⠉⠊⠑⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠝⠕⠙⠕⠎⠁⠗⠊⠁⠂⠀ ⠠⠎⠁⠛⠗⠊⠝⠁⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠠⠗⠓⠑⠕⠏⠓⠁⠭⠀⠶⠠⠃⠗⠁⠙⠽⠶⠀⠀⠀⠲⠀⠲⠀⠲⠀ ⠼⠃⠋⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠊⠚⠲⠀⠠⠞⠗⠽⠏⠁⠝⠕⠎⠕⠍⠁⠀⠞⠊⠝⠑⠁⠑⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀ ⠠⠎⠏⠊⠗⠕⠉⠓⠁⠑⠞⠁⠀⠁⠝⠕⠙⠕⠝⠞⠁⠑⠂⠀⠞⠕⠀⠎⠓⠑⠺⠀⠀⠀ ⠥⠝⠙⠥⠇⠁⠞⠊⠝⠛⠀⠍⠑⠍⠃⠗⠁⠝⠑⠎⠀⠶⠠⠍⠊⠝⠉⠓⠊⠝⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀ ⠠⠋⠁⠝⠞⠓⠁⠍⠶⠀⠲⠀⠲⠀⠲⠀⠼⠃⠋⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠊⠁⠲⠀⠠⠎⠕⠍⠑⠀ ⠎⠏⠑⠉⠊⠑⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠞⠗⠊⠉⠓⠕⠍⠁⠎⠞⠊⠭⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀ ⠠⠞⠗⠊⠉⠓⠕⠍⠕⠝⠁⠎⠀⠶⠠⠅⠕⠋⠕⠊⠙⠶⠀⠲⠀⠲⠀⠲⠀⠼⠃⠋⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠼⠊⠃⠲⠀⠠⠓⠑⠗⠏⠑⠞⠕⠍⠕⠝⠁⠎⠀⠁⠎⠎⠥⠍⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀ ⠥⠝⠙⠥⠇⠁⠞⠕⠗⠽⠀⠍⠑⠍⠃⠗⠁⠝⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠀⠠⠞⠗⠽⠏⠁⠝⠕⠎⠕⠍⠑⠀⠀⠀ ⠶⠠⠙⠲⠀⠠⠇⠲⠀⠠⠍⠁⠉⠅⠊⠝⠝⠕⠝⠶⠀⠲⠀⠲⠀⠲⠀⠼⠃⠋⠓⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠊⠉⠲ ⠀⠠⠙⠊⠁⠛⠗⠁⠍⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠀⠓⠥⠍⠁⠝⠀⠃⠇⠕⠕⠙⠤⠉⠕⠗⠏⠥⠎⠉⠇⠑⠀⠲⠀⠲
These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.