Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Engineering & Technology / Time and Clocks: A Description of Ancient and Modern Methods of Measuring Time / Braille

Time and Clocks: A Description of Ancient and Modern Methods of Measuring Time ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

237,947 braille cells · 250 embossed pages at 40×25 · 391 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠞⠓⠑⠀⠑⠟⠥⠁⠞⠕⠗⠊⠁⠇⠂⠀⠊⠞⠀⠺⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠁⠏⠏⠑⠁⠗⠀⠞⠕⠀⠗⠊⠎⠑⠀
⠕⠥⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠕⠉⠑⠁⠝⠀⠁⠞⠀⠁⠀⠏⠕⠊⠝⠞⠀⠠⠑⠂⠀⠙⠥⠑⠀
⠑⠁⠎⠞⠆⠀⠊⠞⠀⠞⠗⠁⠧⠑⠗⠎⠑⠎⠀⠓⠁⠇⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠑⠟⠥⠁⠞⠕⠗⠊⠁⠇⠀
⠁⠝⠙⠀⠎⠑⠞⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠕⠉⠑⠁⠝⠀⠁⠞⠀⠁⠀⠏⠕⠊⠝⠞⠀⠠⠺⠂⠀⠙⠥⠑
⠀⠺⠑⠎⠞⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠙⠁⠽⠀⠊⠎⠀⠞⠺⠑⠇⠧⠑⠀⠓⠕⠥⠗⠎⠀⠇⠕⠝⠛⠂⠀
⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠼⠋⠀⠁⠲⠍⠲⠀⠞⠕⠀⠼⠋⠀⠏⠲⠍⠲⠀⠀⠠⠊⠇⠇⠥⠎⠞⠗⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠒⠀
⠠⠠⠋⠊⠛⠲⠀⠼⠛⠲⠀⠀⠠⠊⠝⠀⠎⠥⠍⠍⠑⠗⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠥⠝⠀⠊⠎⠀
⠓⠊⠛⠓⠑⠗⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠝⠑⠁⠗⠑⠗⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠕⠇⠑⠀⠠⠝⠂⠀⠎⠁⠽⠀
⠁⠞⠀⠁⠀⠏⠕⠊⠝⠞⠀⠎⠲⠀⠠⠊⠞⠀⠗⠊⠎⠑⠎⠀⠁⠞⠀⠁⠀⠏⠕⠊⠝⠞⠀⠁⠀⠊⠝⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠕⠉⠑⠁⠝⠀⠍⠕⠗⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠝⠕⠗⠞⠓⠀⠞⠓⠁⠝⠀⠠⠑⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑
⠀⠑⠁⠎⠞⠑⠗⠝⠀⠏⠕⠊⠝⠞⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠎⠑⠞⠎⠀⠁⠞⠀⠁⠀⠏⠕⠊⠝⠞⠀⠃⠂⠀
⠁⠇⠎⠕⠀⠍⠕⠗⠑⠀⠝⠕⠗⠞⠓⠀⠞⠓⠁⠝⠀⠠⠺⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠺⠑⠎⠞⠑⠗⠝⠀
⠏⠕⠊⠝⠞⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠗⠁⠧⠑⠗⠎⠑⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠁⠞⠓⠀⠁⠀⠎⠀⠃⠲⠀
⠠⠃⠥⠞⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠗⠁⠧⠑⠗⠎⠑⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠏⠁⠞⠓⠀⠊⠞⠀⠞⠁⠅⠑⠎⠀
⠇⠕⠝⠛⠑⠗⠀⠞⠓⠁⠝⠀⠞⠺⠑⠇⠧⠑⠀⠓⠕⠥⠗⠎⠂⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠁⠀⠎⠀⠃⠀⠊⠎⠀
⠍⠕⠗⠑⠀⠞⠓⠁⠝⠀⠓⠁⠇⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠊⠗⠉⠇⠑⠀⠁⠀⠎⠀⠃⠲⠀⠠⠓⠑⠝⠉⠑⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠝⠀⠊⠞⠀⠗⠊⠎⠑⠎⠀⠎⠁⠽⠀⠁⠞⠀⠼⠙⠲⠉⠚⠀⠁⠲⠍⠲⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠎⠑⠞⠎
⠀⠁⠞⠀⠼⠛⠲⠉⠚⠀⠏⠲⠍⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠝⠊⠛⠓⠞⠂⠀⠙⠥⠗⠊⠝⠛⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠥⠝⠀⠍⠕⠧⠑⠎⠀⠗⠕⠥⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠁⠞⠓⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠃⠀⠞⠕⠀
⠁⠂⠀⠊⠎⠀⠉⠕⠗⠗⠑⠎⠏⠕⠝⠙⠊⠝⠛⠇⠽⠀⠎⠓⠕⠗⠞⠂⠀⠃⠑⠊⠝⠛⠀⠕⠝⠇⠽⠀
⠝⠊⠝⠑⠀⠓⠕⠥⠗⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠇⠑⠝⠛⠞⠓⠂⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠼⠛⠲⠉⠚⠀⠏⠲⠍⠲⠀
⠞⠊⠇⠇⠀⠼⠙⠲⠉⠚⠀⠁⠲⠍⠲⠀⠠⠎⠕⠀⠽⠕⠥⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠁⠀⠇⠕⠝⠛⠀
⠎⠥⠍⠍⠑⠗⠀⠙⠁⠽⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠁⠀⠎⠓⠕⠗⠞⠀⠎⠥⠍⠍⠑⠗⠀⠝⠊⠛⠓⠞⠲⠀
⠠⠃⠥⠞⠀⠊⠝⠀⠺⠊⠝⠞⠑⠗⠂⠀⠺⠓⠑⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠥⠝⠀⠛⠑⠞⠎⠀⠝⠑⠁⠗⠑⠗
⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠕⠥⠞⠓⠀⠏⠕⠇⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠓⠑⠁⠧⠑⠝⠎⠂⠀⠊⠞⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.