Library / Mathematics / An essay on the foundations of geometry / Braille
An essay on the foundations of geometry ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition
Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.
Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt
504,362 braille cells · 533 embossed pages at 40×25 · 2,394 unrepresentable characters omitted
⠊⠝⠋⠊⠝⠊⠞⠽⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠁⠍⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀⠞⠗⠥⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀ ⠁⠝⠛⠇⠑⠎⠼⠙⠚⠲⠀⠠⠝⠕⠞⠀⠉⠕⠝⠞⠑⠝⠞⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠂⠀⠓⠑⠀ ⠎⠥⠛⠛⠑⠎⠞⠑⠙⠀⠀⠁⠀⠝⠑⠺⠀⠙⠑⠋⠊⠝⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠙⠊⠎⠞⠁⠝⠉⠑⠂ ⠀⠁⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠊⠝⠧⠑⠗⠎⠑⠀⠎⠊⠝⠑⠀⠕⠗⠀⠉⠕⠎⠊⠝⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠀⠀ ⠉⠑⠗⠞⠁⠊⠝⠀⠋⠥⠝⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠕⠕⠗⠙⠊⠝⠁⠞⠑⠎⠆⠀ ⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠙⠑⠋⠊⠝⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀⠏⠗⠕⠏⠑⠗⠞⠊⠑⠎⠀ ⠥⠎⠥⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀⠅⠝⠕⠺⠝⠀⠁⠎⠀⠍⠑⠞⠗⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠃⠑⠉⠕⠍⠑⠀ ⠏⠗⠕⠚⠑⠉⠞⠊⠧⠑⠀⠏⠗⠕⠏⠑⠗⠞⠊⠑⠎⠂⠀⠀⠓⠁⠧⠊⠝⠛⠀⠗⠑⠋⠑⠗⠑⠝⠉⠑ ⠀⠞⠕⠀⠁⠀⠉⠑⠗⠞⠁⠊⠝⠀⠉⠕⠝⠊⠉⠂⠀⠉⠁⠇⠇⠑⠙⠀⠃⠽⠀⠠⠉⠁⠽⠇⠑⠽⠀ ⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠁⠃⠎⠕⠇⠥⠞⠑⠲⠀⠀⠶⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠊⠗⠉⠥⠇⠁⠗⠀⠏⠕⠊⠝⠞⠎⠀ ⠁⠗⠑⠂⠀⠁⠝⠁⠇⠽⠞⠊⠉⠁⠇⠇⠽⠂⠀⠁⠀⠙⠑⠛⠑⠝⠑⠗⠁⠞⠑⠀⠉⠕⠝⠊⠉⠂⠀ ⠎⠕⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠀⠕⠗⠙⠊⠝⠁⠗⠽⠀⠠⠛⠑⠕⠍⠑⠞⠗⠽⠀⠋⠕⠗⠍⠎⠀⠁⠀ ⠏⠁⠗⠞⠊⠉⠥⠇⠁⠗⠀⠉⠁⠎⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠁⠃⠕⠧⠑⠲⠶⠀⠠⠓⠑⠀ ⠏⠗⠕⠧⠑⠎⠀⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠂⠀⠺⠓⠑⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠁⠃⠎⠕⠇⠥⠞⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀⠁⠝⠀ ⠊⠍⠁⠛⠊⠝⠁⠗⠽⠀⠉⠕⠝⠊⠉⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠛⠑⠕⠍⠑⠞⠗⠽⠀⠎⠕⠀⠀ ⠕⠃⠞⠁⠊⠝⠑⠙⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠞⠺⠕⠀⠙⠊⠍⠑⠝⠎⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠊⠎⠀⠎⠏⠓⠑⠗⠊⠉⠁⠇ ⠀⠠⠛⠑⠕⠍⠑⠞⠗⠽⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠕⠗⠗⠑⠎⠏⠕⠝⠙⠑⠝⠉⠑⠀⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀ ⠠⠇⠕⠃⠁⠞⠉⠓⠑⠺⠎⠅⠽⠂⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠁⠎⠑⠀⠺⠓⠑⠗⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀ ⠠⠁⠃⠎⠕⠇⠥⠞⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀⠗⠑⠁⠇⠂⠀⠊⠎⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠀⠺⠕⠗⠅⠑⠙⠀⠕⠥⠞⠒⠀ ⠊⠝⠙⠑⠑⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠗⠑⠀⠊⠎⠂⠀⠞⠓⠗⠕⠥⠛⠓⠕⠥⠞⠂⠀⠝⠕⠀⠑⠧⠊⠙⠑⠝⠉⠑ ⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠉⠟⠥⠁⠊⠝⠞⠁⠝⠉⠑⠀⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠝⠕⠝⠤⠠⠑⠥⠉⠇⠊⠙⠑⠁⠝⠀ ⠎⠽⠎⠞⠑⠍⠎⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠊⠍⠏⠕⠗⠞⠁⠝⠉⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠑⠍⠕⠊⠗⠂⠀ ⠞⠕⠀⠠⠉⠁⠽⠇⠑⠽⠂⠀⠀⠇⠊⠑⠎⠀⠑⠝⠞⠊⠗⠑⠇⠽⠀⠊⠝⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀⠏⠗⠕⠕⠋⠀ ⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠍⠑⠞⠗⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠊⠎⠀⠕⠝⠇⠽⠀⠁⠀⠃⠗⠁⠝⠉⠓⠀⠕⠋⠀⠀ ⠙⠑⠎⠉⠗⠊⠏⠞⠊⠧⠑⠀⠠⠛⠑⠕⠍⠑⠞⠗⠽⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠉⠃⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀
These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.