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An essay on the foundations of geometry ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

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504,362 braille cells · 533 embossed pages at 40×25 · 2,394 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠗⠑⠁⠙⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀⠀⠺⠗⠊⠞⠑⠗⠎⠀⠕⠝⠀⠠⠍⠑⠞⠁⠛⠑⠕⠍⠑⠞⠗⠽⠂⠀
⠁⠝⠙⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠺⠗⠊⠞⠊⠝⠛⠎⠂⠀⠁⠇⠍⠕⠎⠞⠀⠁⠇⠕⠝⠑⠂⠀
⠗⠑⠏⠗⠑⠎⠑⠝⠞⠀⠀⠞⠕⠀⠏⠓⠊⠇⠕⠎⠕⠏⠓⠑⠗⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠕⠙⠑⠗⠝⠀
⠍⠁⠞⠓⠑⠍⠁⠞⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠎⠞⠁⠝⠙⠏⠕⠊⠝⠞⠀⠕⠝⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠎⠥⠃⠚⠑⠉⠞⠲
⠀⠀⠠⠃⠥⠞⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠊⠍⠏⠕⠗⠞⠁⠝⠉⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀⠍⠥⠉⠓⠀⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠑⠗⠂⠀
⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠙⠕⠍⠁⠊⠝⠂⠀⠁⠎⠀⠁⠀⠏⠓⠊⠇⠕⠎⠕⠏⠓⠑⠗⠀⠀⠞⠓⠁⠝⠀
⠁⠎⠀⠁⠀⠍⠁⠞⠓⠑⠍⠁⠞⠊⠉⠊⠁⠝⠆⠀⠁⠇⠍⠕⠎⠞⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠕⠝⠇⠽⠀
⠕⠗⠊⠛⠊⠝⠁⠇⠀⠍⠁⠞⠓⠑⠍⠁⠞⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠀⠗⠑⠎⠥⠇⠞⠂⠀⠁⠎⠀
⠗⠑⠛⠁⠗⠙⠎⠀⠠⠛⠑⠕⠍⠑⠞⠗⠽⠂⠀⠊⠎⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠏⠗⠕⠕⠋⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠠⠗⠊⠑⠍⠁⠝⠝⠄⠎⠀⠋⠕⠗⠍⠥⠇⠁⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠊⠝⠋⠊⠝⠊⠞⠑⠎⠊⠍⠁⠇⠀⠁⠗⠉⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠑⠧⠑⠝⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠏⠗⠕⠕⠋⠀
⠺⠁⠎⠀⠋⠁⠗⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠗⠊⠛⠊⠙⠂⠀⠥⠝⠞⠊⠇⠀⠀⠠⠇⠊⠑⠀⠗⠑⠋⠕⠗⠍⠑⠙
⠀⠊⠞⠀⠃⠽⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠍⠑⠞⠓⠕⠙⠀⠕⠋⠀⠉⠕⠝⠞⠊⠝⠥⠕⠥⠎⠀⠛⠗⠕⠥⠏⠎⠲⠀
⠠⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠉⠓⠁⠏⠞⠑⠗⠂⠀⠀⠞⠓⠑⠗⠑⠋⠕⠗⠑⠂⠀⠕⠝⠇⠽⠀⠞⠺⠕⠀
⠕⠋⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠺⠗⠊⠞⠊⠝⠛⠎⠀⠝⠑⠑⠙⠀⠕⠉⠉⠥⠏⠽⠀⠥⠎⠂⠀⠝⠁⠍⠑⠇⠽⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠞⠺⠕⠀⠀⠁⠗⠞⠊⠉⠇⠑⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠠⠺⠊⠎⠎⠑⠝⠎⠉⠓⠁⠋⠞⠇⠊⠉⠓⠑⠀⠠⠁⠃⠓⠁⠝⠙⠇⠥⠝⠛⠑⠝⠂⠀⠠⠧⠕⠇⠲⠀
⠠⠠⠊⠊⠲⠂⠀⠑⠝⠞⠊⠞⠇⠑⠙⠀⠀⠗⠑⠎⠏⠑⠉⠞⠊⠧⠑⠇⠽⠀⠠⠥⠑⠃⠑⠗⠀⠙⠊⠑
⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠎⠉⠓⠇⠊⠉⠓⠑⠝⠀⠠⠛⠗⠥⠝⠙⠇⠁⠛⠑⠝⠀⠙⠑⠗⠀
⠠⠛⠑⠕⠍⠑⠞⠗⠊⠑⠂⠀⠀⠼⠁⠓⠋⠋⠀⠶⠏⠲⠀⠼⠋⠁⠚⠀⠋⠋⠲⠶⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀
⠠⠥⠑⠃⠑⠗⠀⠙⠊⠑⠀⠠⠞⠓⠁⠞⠎⠁⠉⠓⠑⠝⠂⠀⠙⠊⠑⠀⠙⠑⠗⠀
⠠⠛⠑⠕⠍⠑⠞⠗⠊⠑⠀⠵⠥⠍⠀⠀⠠⠛⠗⠥⠝⠙⠑⠀⠇⠊⠑⠛⠑⠝⠂⠀⠼⠁⠓⠋⠓⠀
⠶⠏⠲⠀⠼⠋⠁⠓⠀⠋⠋⠲⠶⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠃⠑⠲⠀⠠⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠋⠊⠗⠎⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠎⠑⠂⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠊⠎⠀⠉⠓⠊⠑⠋⠇⠽⠀⠏⠓⠊⠇⠕⠎⠕⠏⠓⠊⠉⠁⠇⠂⠀⠀
⠠⠓⠑⠇⠍⠓⠕⠇⠞⠵⠀⠛⠊⠧⠑⠎⠀⠓⠊⠝⠞⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠝⠀

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