Library / Mathematics / An essay on the foundations of geometry / Braille
An essay on the foundations of geometry ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition
Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.
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504,362 braille cells · 533 embossed pages at 40×25 · 2,394 unrepresentable characters omitted
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀⠀⠀⠎⠞⠗⠁⠊⠛⠓⠞⠀⠇⠊⠝⠑⠀⠊⠝⠀⠏⠗⠕⠚⠑⠉⠞⠊⠧⠑⠀ ⠠⠛⠑⠕⠍⠑⠞⠗⠽⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠼⠁⠋⠙⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠁⠋⠉⠲⠀⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠕⠎⠎⠊⠃⠊⠇⠊⠞⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀ ⠎⠏⠁⠞⠊⠁⠇⠀⠍⠑⠁⠎⠥⠗⠑⠍⠑⠝⠞⠀⠊⠝⠧⠕⠇⠧⠑⠎⠀⠁⠀⠍⠁⠛⠝⠊⠞⠥⠙⠑ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠥⠝⠊⠟⠥⠑⠇⠽⠀⠙⠑⠞⠑⠗⠍⠊⠝⠑⠙⠀⠃⠽⠀⠞⠺⠕⠀⠏⠕⠊⠝⠞⠎⠂⠀⠀ ⠼⠁⠋⠙⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠁⠋⠙⠲⠀⠀⠠⠎⠊⠝⠉⠑⠀⠞⠺⠕⠀⠏⠕⠊⠝⠞⠎⠀⠍⠥⠎⠞⠀ ⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠎⠕⠍⠑⠀⠗⠑⠇⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠁⠎⠎⠊⠧⠊⠞⠽⠀⠀⠀ ⠕⠋⠀⠎⠏⠁⠉⠑⠀⠏⠗⠕⠧⠑⠎⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠃⠑⠀⠊⠝⠙⠑⠏⠑⠝⠙⠑⠝⠞⠀ ⠕⠋⠀⠑⠭⠞⠑⠗⠝⠁⠇⠀⠗⠑⠋⠑⠗⠑⠝⠉⠑⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠁⠋⠑⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠼⠁⠋⠑⠲⠀⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠗⠑⠀⠉⠁⠝⠀⠃⠑⠀⠕⠝⠇⠽⠀⠕⠝⠑⠀⠎⠥⠉⠓⠀ ⠗⠑⠇⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠁⠋⠋⠀⠀ ⠼⠁⠋⠋⠲⠀⠀⠠⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠍⠥⠎⠞⠀⠃⠑⠀⠍⠑⠁⠎⠥⠗⠑⠙⠀⠃⠽⠀⠁⠀⠉⠥⠗⠧⠑ ⠀⠚⠕⠊⠝⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠞⠺⠕⠀⠏⠕⠊⠝⠞⠎⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠁⠋⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠼⠁⠋⠛⠲⠀⠀⠠⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠥⠗⠧⠑⠀⠍⠥⠎⠞⠀⠃⠑⠀⠥⠝⠊⠟⠥⠑⠇⠽⠀ ⠙⠑⠞⠑⠗⠍⠊⠝⠑⠙⠀⠃⠽⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠞⠺⠕⠀⠀⠀⠀⠏⠕⠊⠝⠞⠎⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠼⠁⠋⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠁⠋⠓⠲⠀⠀⠠⠎⠏⠓⠑⠗⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠠⠛⠑⠕⠍⠑⠞⠗⠽⠀ ⠉⠕⠝⠞⠁⠊⠝⠎⠀⠁⠝⠀⠑⠭⠉⠑⠏⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠁⠭⠊⠕⠍⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠼⠁⠋⠓⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠁⠋⠊⠲⠀⠀⠠⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠂⠀⠓⠕⠺⠑⠧⠑⠗⠂⠀⠊⠎⠀⠝⠕⠞ ⠀⠟⠥⠊⠞⠑⠀⠑⠟⠥⠊⠧⠁⠇⠑⠝⠞⠀⠞⠕⠀⠠⠑⠥⠉⠇⠊⠙⠄⠎⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠼⠁⠋⠓⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠁⠛⠚⠲⠀⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠑⠭⠉⠑⠏⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠊⠎⠀⠙⠥⠑⠀ ⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠋⠁⠉⠞⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠞⠺⠕⠀⠏⠕⠊⠝⠞⠎⠂⠀⠊⠝⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠎⠏⠓⠑⠗⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠎⠏⠁⠉⠑⠂⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠁⠝⠀⠑⠭⠞⠑⠗⠝⠁⠇⠀ ⠗⠑⠇⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠥⠝⠁⠇⠞⠑⠗⠑⠙⠀⠃⠽⠀⠀⠀⠀⠍⠕⠞⠊⠕⠝⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠼⠁⠋⠊⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠁⠛⠁⠲⠀⠀⠠⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠂⠀⠓⠕⠺⠑⠧⠑⠗⠂⠀⠃⠑⠊⠝⠛⠀ ⠁⠀⠗⠑⠇⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠇⠊⠝⠑⠁⠗⠀⠍⠁⠛⠝⠊⠞⠥⠙⠑⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀
These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.