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An essay on the foundations of geometry ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

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504,362 braille cells · 533 embossed pages at 40×25 · 2,394 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠠⠍⠑⠞⠁⠛⠑⠕⠍⠑⠞⠑⠗⠎⠂⠀⠁⠎⠀⠊⠍⠏⠕⠗⠞⠁⠝⠞⠀⠀⠁⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀
⠁⠙⠧⠁⠝⠉⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠊⠗⠀⠎⠉⠊⠑⠝⠉⠑⠆⠀⠃⠥⠞⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠺⠕⠗⠅⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠉⠁⠽⠇⠑⠽⠂⠀⠠⠅⠇⠑⠊⠝⠀⠀⠕⠗⠀⠠⠇⠊⠑⠂⠀⠝⠕⠀
⠗⠑⠁⠙⠑⠗⠀⠉⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠛⠁⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠠⠅⠁⠝⠞⠀⠓⠁⠙⠀⠑⠧⠑⠗⠀
⠇⠊⠧⠑⠙⠲⠀⠠⠺⠑⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠀⠁⠇⠎⠕⠀⠎⠑⠑⠝⠂⠀⠓⠕⠺⠑⠧⠑⠗⠂⠀
⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠁⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠊⠝⠞⠑⠗⠑⠎⠞⠀⠊⠝⠀⠏⠓⠊⠇⠕⠎⠕⠏⠓⠽⠀
⠺⠁⠝⠑⠙⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀⠊⠝⠞⠑⠗⠑⠎⠞⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠏⠓⠊⠇⠕⠎⠕⠏⠓⠽⠀
⠊⠝⠉⠗⠑⠁⠎⠑⠙⠒⠀⠁⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠁⠞⠓⠑⠍⠁⠞⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠗⠑⠎⠥⠇⠞⠎⠀⠀
⠎⠓⠕⠕⠅⠀⠞⠓⠑⠍⠎⠑⠇⠧⠑⠎⠀⠋⠗⠑⠑⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠏⠓⠊⠇⠕⠎⠕⠏⠓⠊⠉⠁⠇
⠀⠉⠕⠝⠞⠗⠕⠧⠑⠗⠎⠊⠑⠎⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠽⠀⠀⠁⠎⠎⠥⠍⠑⠙⠀⠛⠗⠁⠙⠥⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀
⠁⠀⠎⠞⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠋⠕⠗⠍⠂⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠋⠥⠗⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀
⠙⠑⠧⠑⠇⠕⠏⠍⠑⠝⠞⠂⠀⠀⠺⠑⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠗⠑⠁⠎⠕⠝⠁⠃⠇⠽⠀⠓⠕⠏⠑⠂⠀
⠺⠊⠇⠇⠀⠞⠁⠅⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠋⠕⠗⠍⠀⠕⠋⠀⠛⠗⠕⠺⠞⠓⠂⠀⠗⠁⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀
⠞⠓⠁⠝⠀⠀⠞⠗⠁⠝⠎⠋⠕⠗⠍⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠁⠍⠑⠀⠛⠗⠁⠙⠥⠁⠇⠀
⠙⠑⠧⠑⠇⠕⠏⠍⠑⠝⠞⠀⠕⠥⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠏⠓⠊⠇⠕⠎⠕⠏⠓⠽⠀⠍⠊⠛⠓⠞⠂⠀⠀⠠⠊
⠀⠃⠑⠇⠊⠑⠧⠑⠂⠀⠃⠑⠀⠞⠗⠁⠉⠑⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠊⠝⠋⠁⠝⠉⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠍⠕⠎⠞⠀⠃⠗⠁⠝⠉⠓⠑⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠍⠁⠞⠓⠑⠍⠁⠞⠊⠉⠎⠆⠀⠀⠺⠓⠑⠝⠀
⠏⠓⠊⠇⠕⠎⠕⠏⠓⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠍⠕⠞⠊⠧⠑⠎⠀⠉⠑⠁⠎⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠕⠏⠑⠗⠁⠞⠑⠂⠀
⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠊⠎⠂⠀⠊⠝⠀⠛⠑⠝⠑⠗⠁⠇⠂⠀⠁⠀⠀⠎⠊⠛⠝⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠎⠞⠁⠛⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠥⠝⠉⠑⠗⠞⠁⠊⠝⠞⠽⠀⠁⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠏⠗⠑⠍⠊⠎⠎⠑⠎⠀⠊⠎⠀
⠏⠁⠎⠞⠂⠀⠎⠕⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠋⠥⠞⠥⠗⠑⠀⠃⠑⠇⠕⠝⠛⠎⠀
⠑⠝⠞⠊⠗⠑⠇⠽⠀⠞⠕⠀⠍⠁⠞⠓⠑⠍⠁⠞⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠞⠑⠉⠓⠝⠊⠟⠥⠑⠲⠀
⠠⠺⠓⠑⠝⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠀⠎⠞⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠎⠞⠁⠛⠑⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠃⠑⠑⠝⠀
⠁⠞⠞⠁⠊⠝⠑⠙⠂⠀⠊⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀⠞⠊⠍⠑⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠠⠏⠓⠊⠇⠕⠎⠕⠏⠓⠽⠀⠞⠕⠀
⠃⠕⠗⠗⠕⠺⠀⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠎⠉⠊⠑⠝⠉⠑⠂⠀⠁⠉⠉⠑⠏⠞⠊⠝⠛⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀⠋⠊⠝⠁⠇

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.