Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Biology / Five of Maxwell's Papers / Braille

Five of Maxwell's Papers ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

85,603 braille cells · 91 embossed pages at 40×25 · 59 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠞⠓⠕⠎⠑⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠎⠏⠑⠝⠞⠀⠊⠝⠀⠗⠑⠉⠁⠇⠇⠊⠝⠛⠀⠕⠥⠗⠀
⠺⠁⠝⠙⠑⠗⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠓⠕⠥⠛⠓⠞⠎⠆⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠎⠑⠀⠑⠋⠋⠕⠗⠞⠎⠀⠕⠋
⠀⠁⠞⠞⠑⠝⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠺⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠃⠑⠀⠍⠥⠉⠓⠀⠇⠑⠎⠎⠀⠋⠁⠞⠊⠛⠥⠊⠝⠛⠀
⠊⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠙⠊⠎⠞⠥⠗⠃⠊⠝⠛⠀⠋⠕⠗⠉⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠍⠑⠝⠞⠁⠇⠀
⠙⠊⠎⠞⠗⠁⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠉⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠃⠑⠀⠗⠑⠍⠕⠧⠑⠙⠲⠀⠀⠠⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠊⠎⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠗⠑⠁⠎⠕⠝⠀⠺⠓⠽⠀⠁⠀⠍⠁⠝⠀⠺⠓⠕⠎⠑⠀⠎⠕⠥⠇⠀⠊⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀
⠓⠊⠎⠀⠺⠕⠗⠅⠀⠁⠇⠺⠁⠽⠎⠀⠍⠁⠅⠑⠎⠀⠍⠕⠗⠑⠀⠏⠗⠕⠛⠗⠑⠎⠎⠀⠞⠓⠁⠝
⠀⠕⠝⠑⠀⠺⠓⠕⠎⠑⠀⠁⠊⠍⠀⠊⠎⠀⠎⠕⠍⠑⠞⠓⠊⠝⠛⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀
⠊⠍⠍⠑⠙⠊⠁⠞⠑⠇⠽⠀⠉⠕⠝⠝⠑⠉⠞⠑⠙⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀
⠕⠉⠉⠥⠏⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠲⠀⠀⠠⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠇⠁⠞⠞⠑⠗⠀⠉⠁⠎⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠧⠑⠗⠽⠀⠍⠕⠞⠊⠧⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠓⠑⠀⠍⠁⠅⠑⠎⠀⠥⠎⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀
⠎⠞⠊⠍⠥⠇⠁⠞⠑⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠋⠇⠁⠛⠛⠊⠝⠛⠀⠏⠕⠺⠑⠗⠎⠀⠃⠑⠉⠕⠍⠑⠎⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠑⠁⠝⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠙⠊⠎⠞⠗⠁⠉⠞⠊⠝⠛⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠍⠊⠝⠙⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠺⠕⠗⠅⠀⠃⠑⠋⠕⠗⠑⠀⠓⠊⠍⠲⠀⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠗⠑⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠃⠑⠀⠎⠕⠍⠑
⠀⠍⠁⠞⠓⠑⠍⠁⠞⠊⠉⠊⠁⠝⠎⠀⠺⠓⠕⠀⠏⠥⠗⠎⠥⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠊⠗⠀⠎⠞⠥⠙⠊⠑⠎
⠀⠑⠝⠞⠊⠗⠑⠇⠽⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠞⠓⠑⠊⠗⠀⠕⠺⠝⠀⠎⠁⠅⠑⠲⠀⠀⠠⠍⠕⠎⠞⠀
⠍⠑⠝⠂⠀⠓⠕⠺⠑⠧⠑⠗⠂⠀⠞⠓⠊⠝⠅⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠓⠊⠑⠋⠀⠥⠎⠑⠀
⠕⠋⠀⠍⠁⠞⠓⠑⠍⠁⠞⠊⠉⠎⠀⠊⠎⠀⠋⠕⠥⠝⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠊⠝⠞⠑⠗⠏⠗⠑⠞⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠝⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠲⠀⠀⠠⠝⠕⠺⠀⠁⠀⠍⠁⠝⠀
⠺⠓⠕⠀⠎⠞⠥⠙⠊⠑⠎⠀⠁⠀⠏⠊⠑⠉⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠍⠁⠞⠓⠑⠍⠁⠞⠊⠉⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀
⠕⠗⠙⠑⠗⠀⠞⠕⠀⠥⠝⠙⠑⠗⠎⠞⠁⠝⠙⠀⠎⠕⠍⠑⠀⠝⠁⠞⠥⠗⠁⠇⠀
⠏⠓⠑⠝⠕⠍⠑⠝⠕⠝⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠓⠑⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠎⠑⠑⠝⠂⠀⠕⠗⠀⠞⠕⠀
⠉⠁⠇⠉⠥⠇⠁⠞⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠃⠑⠎⠞⠀⠁⠗⠗⠁⠝⠛⠑⠍⠑⠝⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠎⠕⠍⠑⠀
⠑⠭⠏⠑⠗⠊⠍⠑⠝⠞⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠓⠑⠀⠍⠑⠁⠝⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠍⠁⠅⠑⠂⠀⠊⠎⠀
⠇⠊⠅⠑⠇⠽⠀⠞⠕⠀⠍⠑⠑⠞⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠋⠁⠗⠀⠇⠑⠎⠎⠀⠙⠊⠎⠞⠗⠁⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.