Library / Education / The Old Humanities and the New Science / Braille
The Old Humanities and the New Science ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition
Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.
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78,219 braille cells · 83 embossed pages at 40×25 · 326 unrepresentable characters omitted
⠠⠎⠁⠍⠁⠗⠊⠞⠁⠝⠤⠤⠎⠥⠗⠑⠇⠽⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠗⠑⠁⠇⠊⠵⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠊⠝⠀⠁⠀ ⠙⠑⠍⠕⠉⠗⠁⠉⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀⠎⠥⠉⠓⠀⠗⠑⠁⠎⠕⠝⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠀⠁⠍⠃⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀ ⠎⠓⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠃⠑⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠁⠞⠊⠃⠇⠑⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠕⠝⠞⠗⠕⠇⠀⠃⠽ ⠀⠎⠉⠊⠑⠝⠉⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠋⠕⠗⠉⠑⠎⠀⠀⠕⠋⠀⠝⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀ ⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠕⠍⠍⠕⠝⠀⠛⠕⠕⠙⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠁⠀⠇⠕⠧⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀ ⠊⠎⠀⠃⠑⠎⠞⠀⠊⠝⠀⠀⠗⠑⠇⠊⠛⠊⠕⠝⠂⠀⠊⠝⠀⠁⠗⠞⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀ ⠇⠊⠞⠑⠗⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠁⠍⠊⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠍⠕⠅⠑⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀ ⠎⠟⠥⠁⠇⠕⠗⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠀⠍⠕⠙⠑⠗⠝⠀⠊⠝⠙⠥⠎⠞⠗⠊⠁⠇⠀⠉⠊⠞⠽⠂⠀ ⠁⠋⠞⠑⠗⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀⠃⠗⠑⠁⠙⠤⠁⠝⠙⠤⠃⠥⠞⠞⠑⠗⠀⠎⠞⠗⠥⠛⠛⠇⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀ ⠞⠓⠑⠀⠙⠁⠽⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠙⠊⠎⠉⠕⠃⠕⠇⠥⠎⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠝⠕⠀⠛⠕⠎⠏⠑⠇⠲⠀ ⠠⠕⠥⠗⠀⠏⠥⠗⠊⠞⠁⠝⠊⠵⠑⠙⠀⠉⠥⠇⠞⠥⠗⠑⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠃⠑⠑⠝⠀⠅⠝⠕⠺⠝⠀ ⠞⠕⠀⠉⠁⠇⠇⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠁⠝⠞⠊⠝⠕⠥⠎⠀⠧⠥⠇⠛⠁⠗⠲⠀⠀⠠⠉⠕⠏⠊⠑⠎⠀ ⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠎⠑⠀⠞⠺⠕⠀⠎⠞⠁⠞⠥⠑⠎⠂⠀⠽⠕⠥⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠗⠑⠍⠑⠍⠃⠑⠗⠂⠀ ⠠⠎⠁⠍⠥⠑⠇⠀⠠⠃⠥⠞⠇⠑⠗⠀⠋⠕⠥⠝⠙⠀⠀⠎⠞⠕⠗⠑⠙⠀⠁⠺⠁⠽⠀⠊⠝⠀ ⠞⠓⠑⠀⠇⠥⠍⠃⠑⠗⠤⠗⠕⠕⠍⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠝⠁⠞⠥⠗⠁⠇⠀⠠⠓⠊⠎⠞⠕⠗⠽ ⠀⠠⠍⠥⠎⠑⠥⠍⠂⠀⠠⠍⠕⠝⠞⠗⠑⠁⠇⠂⠀⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠎⠅⠊⠝⠎⠂⠀ ⠏⠇⠁⠝⠞⠎⠂⠀⠎⠝⠁⠅⠑⠎⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠊⠝⠎⠑⠉⠞⠎⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀ ⠞⠓⠑⠊⠗⠀⠍⠊⠙⠎⠞⠂⠀⠎⠞⠥⠋⠋⠊⠝⠛⠀⠁⠝⠀⠀⠕⠺⠇⠂⠀⠎⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀ ⠃⠗⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠤⠊⠝⠤⠇⠁⠺⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠓⠁⠃⠑⠗⠙⠁⠎⠓⠑⠗⠀⠕⠋⠀ ⠠⠍⠗⠲⠀⠠⠎⠏⠥⠗⠛⠑⠕⠝⠲⠀⠀⠠⠁⠛⠁⠊⠝⠎⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠕⠇⠙⠀⠍⠁⠝⠀ ⠺⠓⠕⠀⠞⠓⠥⠎⠀⠃⠇⠁⠎⠏⠓⠑⠍⠑⠙⠀⠃⠑⠁⠥⠞⠽⠂⠀⠠⠃⠥⠞⠇⠑⠗⠀ ⠃⠗⠕⠅⠑⠀⠊⠝⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠕⠎⠑⠀⠀⠍⠑⠍⠕⠗⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠧⠑⠗⠎⠑⠎⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀ ⠞⠓⠑⠀⠗⠑⠋⠗⠁⠊⠝⠀⠠⠕⠀⠠⠛⠕⠙⠖⠀⠠⠕⠀⠠⠍⠕⠝⠞⠗⠑⠁⠇⠖⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠠⠇⠑⠞⠀⠥⠎⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠃⠑⠀⠙⠊⠎⠉⠕⠥⠗⠁⠛⠑⠙⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀ ⠙⠊⠗⠑⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠕⠥⠗⠀⠧⠊⠎⠊⠕⠝⠀⠊⠎⠀⠑⠧⠑⠗⠽⠞⠓⠊⠝⠛⠂⠀⠀
These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.