Skip to content

Library / Philosophy / Johtavat aatteet ihmiskunnan historiassa / Braille

Johtavat aatteet ihmiskunnan historiassa ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 2 — contracted English braille (EBAE-compatible subset). Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 1 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

555,666 braille cells · 606 embossed pages at 40×25 · 22,298 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠚⠕⠇⠇⠁⠅⠔⠀⠀⠞⠁⠧⠕⠔⠀⠇⠊⠊⠞⠞⠽⠧⠞⠀⠊⠓⠍⠊⠎⠅⠥⠝⠝⠁⠝⠀
⠽⠇⠑⠊⠎⠑⠢⠀⠅⠑⠓⠊⠞⠽⠅⠎⠑⠢⠂⠀⠧⠕⠊⠧⠁⠞⠀⠅⠥⠥⠇⠥⠁⠀⠀
⠓⠊⠌⠕⠗⠊⠁⠝⠀⠁⠇⠁⠁⠝⠂⠀⠕⠧⠁⠞⠀⠓⠊⠌⠕⠗⠊⠁⠇⠇⠊⠎⠊⠁⠀
⠞⠁⠏⠁⠥⠅⠎⠊⠁⠲⠀⠠⠧⠁⠁⠝⠀⠎⠑⠍⠍⠕⠊⠎⠑⠞⠅⠔⠀⠀⠞⠁⠏⠁⠥⠅⠎⠑⠞⠂
⠀⠞⠁⠏⠁⠓⠞⠥⠍⠔⠁⠂⠀⠑⠊⠧⠞⠀⠕⠇⠑⠀⠊⠞⠎⠑⠌⠝⠀⠝⠊⠔⠀⠞⠗⠅⠑⠊⠞⠀
⠓⠊⠌⠕⠗⠊⠁⠇⠇⠑⠂⠀⠀⠅⠥⠔⠀⠞⠁⠧⠁⠇⠇⠊⠎⠑⠌⠊⠀⠇⠥⠥⠇⠇⠁⠁⠝⠲⠀
⠠⠝⠊⠊⠙⠢⠀⠞⠗⠅⠑⠽⠎⠂⠀⠝⠊⠔⠅⠥⠔⠀⠝⠄⠊⠍⠍⠑⠂⠀⠗⠊⠊⠏⠏⠥⠥⠀⠀
⠎⠊⠊⠞⠀⠽⠓⠞⠑⠽⠙⠑⠌⠂⠀⠚⠕⠎⠎⠁⠀⠕⠧⠁⠞⠀⠍⠁⠁⠊⠇⠍⠁⠝⠀
⠽⠇⠑⠊⠎⠢⠀⠅⠑⠓⠊⠞⠽⠅⠎⠢⠀⠅⠁⠝⠎⠎⠁⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠝⠊⠔⠤⠍⠥⠕⠙⠕⠔⠀
⠕⠝⠀⠼⠃⠒⠅⠎⠊⠀⠓⠥⠕⠍⠁⠁⠍⠔⠢⠂⠀⠑⠞⠞⠀⠞⠁⠏⠁⠥⠌⠢⠀⠎⠽⠽⠞⠀⠚⠁
⠀⠎⠑⠥⠗⠁⠥⠅⠎⠑⠞⠀⠀⠞⠎⠎⠀⠅⠑⠓⠊⠞⠽⠎⠤⠚⠁⠅⠎⠕⠎⠎⠁⠀⠕⠧⠁⠞⠀
⠞⠗⠅⠑⠍⠍⠞⠂⠀⠅⠥⠔⠀⠞⠁⠏⠁⠓⠞⠥⠍⠁⠔⠀⠽⠅⠎⠊⠞⠽⠊⠎⠑⠞⠀⠀
⠁⠎⠊⠁⠝⠓⠁⠜⠁⠞⠲⠀⠠⠝⠊⠔⠏⠀⠑⠎⠍⠲⠀⠅⠽⠎⠽⠍⠽⠎⠂⠀⠕⠝⠅⠕⠀
⠞⠕⠞⠞⠁⠀⠧⠁⠊⠀⠑⠊⠂⠀⠑⠞⠞⠀⠠⠇⠥⠙⠕⠧⠊⠅⠀⠠⠠⠭⠧⠊⠒⠝⠀⠀
⠗⠊⠏⠏⠊⠤⠊⠎⠀⠓⠝⠑⠇⠇⠑⠀⠇⠁⠥⠎⠥⠊⠀⠍⠑⠌⠁⠥⠎⠤⠇⠁⠧⠁⠇⠇⠁⠀
⠝⠥⠕⠀⠚⠥⠓⠇⠁⠇⠇⠊⠎⠑⠞⠀⠎⠁⠝⠁⠞⠒⠀⠁⠎⠉⠢⠙⠀⠀⠁⠥⠀⠉⠊⠑⠇⠂⠀
⠋⠊⠇⠎⠀⠙⠑⠀⠠⠎⠁⠔⠞⠀⠠⠇⠳⠊⠎⠖⠀⠶⠝⠳⠎⠑⠀⠞⠁⠊⠧⠁⠁⠎⠢⠂⠀
⠠⠏⠽⠓⠝⠀⠠⠇⠥⠙⠕⠧⠊⠅⠔⠀⠀⠏⠕⠊⠅⠁⠖⠶⠀⠤⠤⠀⠕⠝⠀
⠓⠊⠌⠕⠗⠊⠁⠇⠇⠑⠀⠁⠊⠧⠁⠝⠀⠧⠓⠏⠞⠊⠝⠢⠀⠁⠎⠊⠁⠆⠀⠎⠊⠇⠇⠀
⠞⠊⠫⠍⠍⠑⠀⠀⠊⠇⠍⠁⠝⠅⠔⠂⠀⠑⠞⠞⠀⠗⠕⠽⠁⠇⠊⠌⠁⠞⠀
⠠⠗⠁⠝⠎⠅⠁⠎⠎⠁⠀⠁⠔⠁⠀⠕⠧⠁⠞⠀⠏⠊⠞⠝⠑⠑⠞⠀⠞⠞⠀⠍⠑⠌⠁⠞⠞⠥⠁⠀
⠅⠥⠝⠬⠁⠌⠁⠀⠍⠜⠞⠞⠊⠊⠗⠁⠝⠁⠲⠀⠠⠍⠥⠞⠞⠁⠀⠝⠑⠀⠎⠽⠽⠞⠂⠀
⠚⠕⠞⠅⠁⠀⠧⠁⠊⠅⠥⠞⠞⠊⠧⠁⠞⠀⠓⠝⠢⠀⠀⠅⠥⠕⠇⠑⠍⠁⠝⠎⠁⠂⠀⠚⠁⠀⠝⠑
⠀⠎⠑⠥⠗⠁⠥⠅⠎⠑⠞⠂⠀⠚⠕⠞⠅⠁⠀⠎⠊⠊⠞⠀⠇⠓⠞⠊⠧⠞⠂⠀⠕⠧⠁⠞⠀
⠠⠗⠁⠝⠎⠅⠁⠝⠀⠀⠧⠁⠇⠇⠁⠝⠅⠥⠍⠳⠅⠎⠢⠀⠓⠊⠌⠕⠗⠊⠁⠇⠇⠑⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.