Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Mathematics / The Foundations of Science: Science and Hypothesis, The Value of Science, Science and Method / Braille

The Foundations of Science: Science and Hypothesis, The Value of Science, Science and Method ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 2 — contracted English braille (EBAE-compatible subset). Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 1 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

971,117 braille cells · 1,019 embossed pages at 40×25 · 2,526 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠋⠕⠇⠇⠪⠎⠒⠀⠀⠠⠮⠀⠏⠇⠁⠝⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀⠁⠀⠎⠥⠗⠋⠁⠉⠑⠀⠎⠥⠡⠀⠞⠀⠮⠀
⠌⠗⠁⠊⠛⠓⠞⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠚⠕⠔⠎⠀⠁⠝⠽⠀⠞⠺⠕⠀⠷⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀⠏⠕⠔⠞⠎⠀⠊⠎⠀
⠱⠕⠇⠇⠽⠀⠕⠝⠀⠹⠊⠎⠀⠎⠥⠗⠋⠁⠉⠑⠲⠀⠀⠠⠹⠊⠎⠀⠙⠑⠋⠔⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀
⠍⠁⠝⠊⠋⠑⠌⠇⠽⠀⠓⠊⠙⠑⠎⠀⠁⠀⠝⠑⠺⠀⠁⠭⠊⠕⠍⠆⠀⠭⠀⠊⠎⠀⠞⠗⠥⠑⠀
⠺⠑⠀⠍⠊⠛⠓⠞⠀⠡⠁⠝⠛⠑⠀⠭⠂⠀⠯⠀⠞⠀⠺⠳⠇⠙⠀⠃⠑⠀⠏⠗⠑⠋⠻⠁⠃⠇⠑⠂
⠀⠃⠀⠮⠝⠀⠺⠑⠀⠩⠳⠇⠙⠀⠓⠀⠞⠕⠀⠑⠝⠥⠝⠉⠊⠁⠞⠑⠀⠮⠀⠁⠭⠊⠕⠍⠀
⠑⠭⠏⠇⠊⠉⠊⠞⠇⠽⠲⠀⠀⠠⠕⠮⠗⠀⠙⠑⠋⠔⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠺⠳⠇⠙⠀⠎⠥⠛⠛⠑⠌
⠀⠗⠑⠋⠇⠑⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠝⠀⠇⠑⠎⠎⠀⠊⠍⠏⠕⠗⠞⠁⠝⠞⠲⠀⠀⠠⠎⠥⠡⠂⠀⠿⠀
⠑⠭⠁⠍⠏⠇⠑⠂⠀⠊⠎⠀⠞⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠑⠟⠥⠁⠇⠊⠞⠽⠀⠷⠀⠞⠺⠕⠀
⠋⠊⠛⠥⠗⠑⠎⠆⠀⠞⠺⠕⠀⠋⠊⠛⠥⠗⠑⠎⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠑⠟⠥⠁⠇⠀⠱⠢⠀⠮⠽⠀⠉⠀
⠃⠑⠀⠎⠥⠏⠻⠏⠕⠎⠫⠆⠀⠞⠕⠀⠎⠥⠏⠻⠏⠕⠎⠑⠀⠮⠍⠀⠐⠕⠀⠍⠥⠌⠀⠃⠑⠀
⠙⠊⠎⠏⠇⠁⠉⠫⠀⠥⠝⠞⠊⠇⠀⠭⠀⠉⠕⠔⠉⠊⠙⠑⠎⠀⠾⠀⠮⠀⠕⠮⠗⠆⠀⠃⠀⠓⠪⠀
⠩⠁⠇⠇⠀⠭⠀⠃⠑⠀⠙⠊⠎⠏⠇⠁⠉⠫⠦⠀⠠⠊⠋⠀⠺⠑⠀⠩⠳⠇⠙⠀⠁⠎⠅⠀⠹⠊⠎⠂
⠀⠝⠕⠀⠙⠳⠃⠞⠀⠺⠑⠀⠩⠳⠇⠙⠀⠃⠑⠀⠞⠕⠇⠙⠀⠞⠀⠭⠀⠍⠥⠌⠀⠃⠑⠀⠙⠕⠝⠑
⠀⠾⠳⠞⠀⠁⠇⠞⠻⠬⠀⠮⠀⠩⠁⠏⠑⠀⠯⠀⠵⠀⠁⠀⠗⠊⠛⠊⠙⠀⠎⠕⠇⠊⠙⠲⠀⠠⠮⠀
⠧⠊⠉⠊⠳⠎⠀⠉⠊⠗⠉⠇⠑⠀⠺⠳⠇⠙⠀⠮⠝⠀⠃⠑⠀⠑⠧⠊⠙⠢⠞⠲⠀⠀⠠⠔⠀
⠋⠁⠉⠞⠀⠹⠊⠎⠀⠙⠑⠋⠔⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠙⠑⠋⠔⠑⠎⠀⠝⠕⠹⠬⠆⠀⠭⠀⠺⠳⠇⠙⠀⠓
⠀⠝⠕⠀⠍⠑⠁⠝⠬⠀⠿⠀⠁⠀⠃⠑⠬⠀⠇⠊⠧⠬⠀⠔⠀⠁⠀⠸⠺⠀⠱⠻⠑⠀⠮⠗⠑⠀⠶⠀
⠕⠝⠇⠽⠀⠋⠇⠥⠊⠙⠎⠲⠀⠠⠊⠋⠀⠭⠀⠎⠑⠑⠍⠎⠀⠉⠇⠑⠜⠀⠞⠕⠀⠥⠂⠀⠞⠀⠊⠎
⠀⠃⠑⠉⠁⠥⠎⠑⠀⠺⠑⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠥⠎⠫⠀⠞⠕⠀⠮⠀⠏⠗⠕⠏⠻⠞⠊⠑⠎⠀⠷⠀
⠝⠁⠞⠥⠗⠁⠇⠀⠎⠕⠇⠊⠙⠎⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠙⠀⠝⠀⠙⠊⠋⠋⠻⠀⠍⠥⠡⠀⠋⠀⠘⠹⠀⠷⠀
⠮⠀⠊⠙⠑⠁⠇⠀⠎⠕⠇⠊⠙⠎⠂⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀⠷⠀⠘⠱⠀⠙⠊⠍⠢⠎⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀
⠊⠝⠧⠜⠊⠁⠃⠇⠑⠲⠀⠀⠠⠽⠑⠞⠂⠀⠊⠍⠏⠻⠋⠑⠉⠞⠀⠵⠀⠭⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠃⠑⠂⠀
⠹⠊⠎⠀⠙⠑⠋⠔⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠊⠍⠏⠇⠊⠑⠎⠀⠁⠝⠀⠁⠭⠊⠕⠍⠲⠀⠀⠠⠮⠀
⠏⠕⠎⠎⠊⠃⠊⠇⠊⠞⠽⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠍⠕⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠷⠀⠁⠀⠗⠊⠛⠊⠙⠀⠋⠊⠛⠥⠗⠑⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.