Library / Mathematics / Archimedes / Braille
Archimedes ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition
Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.
Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt
104,558 braille cells · 112 embossed pages at 40×25 · 405 unrepresentable characters omitted
⠎⠞⠕⠗⠽⠀⠙⠑⠎⠉⠗⠊⠃⠑⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠁⠉⠓⠊⠝⠑⠀⠥⠎⠑⠙⠀⠁⠎⠀⠁⠀ ⠓⠑⠇⠊⠭⠆⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠞⠑⠗⠍⠀⠍⠥⠎⠞⠀⠃⠑⠀⠎⠥⠏⠏⠕⠎⠑⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀ ⠗⠑⠋⠑⠗⠀⠞⠕⠀⠁⠀⠎⠉⠗⠑⠺⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠓⠁⠏⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠀ ⠉⠽⠇⠊⠝⠙⠗⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠓⠑⠇⠊⠭⠀⠞⠥⠗⠝⠑⠙⠀⠃⠽⠀⠁⠀⠓⠁⠝⠙⠇⠑⠀⠁⠝⠙ ⠀⠁⠉⠞⠊⠝⠛⠀⠕⠝⠀⠁⠀⠉⠕⠛⠤⠺⠓⠑⠑⠇⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠕⠃⠇⠊⠟⠥⠑⠀ ⠞⠑⠑⠞⠓⠀⠋⠊⠞⠞⠊⠝⠛⠀⠕⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠉⠗⠑⠺⠲⠀⠀⠠⠁⠝⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀ ⠊⠝⠧⠑⠝⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠀⠎⠏⠓⠑⠗⠑⠀ ⠉⠕⠝⠎⠞⠗⠥⠉⠞⠑⠙⠀⠎⠕⠀⠁⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠊⠍⠊⠞⠁⠞⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠕⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎ ⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠥⠝⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠕⠕⠝⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠋⠊⠧⠑⠀ ⠏⠇⠁⠝⠑⠞⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠓⠑⠁⠧⠑⠝⠎⠲⠀⠠⠉⠊⠉⠑⠗⠕⠀⠁⠉⠞⠥⠁⠇⠇⠽ ⠀⠎⠁⠺⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠉⠕⠝⠞⠗⠊⠧⠁⠝⠉⠑⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠓⠑⠀⠛⠊⠧⠑⠎⠀⠁⠀ ⠙⠑⠎⠉⠗⠊⠏⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠊⠞⠂⠀⠎⠞⠁⠞⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠊⠞⠀ ⠗⠑⠏⠗⠑⠎⠑⠝⠞⠑⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠑⠗⠊⠕⠙⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠕⠕⠝⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀ ⠞⠓⠑⠀⠁⠏⠏⠁⠗⠑⠝⠞⠀⠍⠕⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠥⠝⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠎⠥⠉⠓ ⠀⠁⠉⠉⠥⠗⠁⠉⠽⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠊⠞⠀⠺⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠑⠧⠑⠝⠀⠶⠕⠧⠑⠗⠀⠁⠀ ⠎⠓⠕⠗⠞⠀⠏⠑⠗⠊⠕⠙⠶⠀⠎⠓⠕⠺⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠑⠉⠇⠊⠏⠎⠑⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀ ⠎⠥⠝⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠍⠕⠕⠝⠲⠀⠠⠊⠞⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠃⠑⠑⠝⠀⠍⠕⠧⠑⠙⠀⠃⠽ ⠀⠺⠁⠞⠑⠗⠂⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠠⠏⠁⠏⠏⠥⠎⠀⠎⠏⠑⠁⠅⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠕⠝⠑⠀⠏⠇⠁⠉⠑⠀ ⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠕⠎⠑⠀⠺⠓⠕⠀⠥⠝⠙⠑⠗⠎⠞⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠁⠅⠊⠝⠛⠀⠕⠋⠀ ⠎⠏⠓⠑⠗⠑⠎⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠏⠗⠕⠙⠥⠉⠑⠀⠁⠀⠍⠕⠙⠑⠇⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀ ⠓⠑⠁⠧⠑⠝⠎⠀⠃⠽⠀⠍⠑⠁⠝⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠗⠑⠛⠥⠇⠁⠗⠀⠉⠊⠗⠉⠥⠇⠁⠗ ⠀⠍⠕⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠺⠁⠞⠑⠗⠲⠀⠠⠊⠝⠀⠁⠝⠽⠀⠉⠁⠎⠑⠀⠊⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀ ⠉⠑⠗⠞⠁⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠠⠁⠗⠉⠓⠊⠍⠑⠙⠑⠎⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠍⠥⠉⠓⠀ ⠕⠉⠉⠥⠏⠊⠑⠙⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠁⠎⠞⠗⠕⠝⠕⠍⠽⠲⠀⠠⠇⠊⠧⠽⠀⠉⠁⠇⠇⠎⠀⠓⠊⠍ ⠀⠥⠝⠊⠉⠥⠎⠀⠎⠏⠑⠉⠞⠁⠞⠕⠗⠀⠉⠁⠑⠇⠊⠀⠎⠊⠙⠑⠗⠥⠍⠟⠥⠑⠲⠀
These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.