Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Biology / The Phase Rule and Its Applications / Braille

The Phase Rule and Its Applications ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

730,629 braille cells · 773 embossed pages at 40×25 · 10,817 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠎⠑⠏⠁⠗⠁⠞⠑⠎⠀⠕⠥⠞⠀⠕⠝⠀⠉⠕⠕⠇⠊⠝⠛⠀⠋⠥⠎⠑⠙⠀⠎⠥⠇⠏⠓⠥⠗⠂⠀
⠃⠥⠞⠀⠁⠞⠀⠞⠑⠍⠏⠑⠗⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠎⠀⠁⠃⠕⠧⠑⠀⠼⠁⠑⠁⠰⠙⠑⠛⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀
⠥⠝⠙⠑⠗⠀⠏⠗⠑⠎⠎⠥⠗⠑⠎⠀⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠑⠗⠀⠞⠓⠁⠝⠀⠼⠁⠃⠓⠓⠀⠁⠞⠍⠲⠂
⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠗⠓⠕⠍⠃⠊⠉⠀⠋⠕⠗⠍⠀⠺⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠃⠑⠀⠏⠗⠕⠙⠥⠉⠑⠙⠲⠼⠑⠋⠀
⠠⠞⠗⠊⠏⠇⠑⠀⠠⠏⠕⠊⠝⠞⠤⠤⠠⠗⠓⠕⠍⠃⠊⠉⠀⠠⠎⠥⠇⠏⠓⠥⠗⠂⠀
⠠⠇⠊⠟⠥⠊⠙⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠠⠧⠁⠏⠕⠥⠗⠲⠀⠠⠍⠑⠞⠁⠎⠞⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀
⠠⠞⠗⠊⠏⠇⠑⠀⠠⠏⠕⠊⠝⠞⠲⠤⠤⠠⠕⠝⠀⠁⠉⠉⠕⠥⠝⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠎⠇⠕⠺⠝⠑⠎⠎⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠼⠉⠊⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠞⠗⠁⠝⠎⠋⠕⠗⠍⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀
⠕⠋⠀⠕⠝⠑⠀⠋⠕⠗⠍⠀⠊⠝⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠞⠁⠅⠑⠎⠀⠏⠇⠁⠉⠑⠀
⠕⠝⠀⠏⠁⠎⠎⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠞⠗⠁⠝⠎⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠏⠕⠊⠝⠞⠂⠀⠊⠞⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀
⠃⠑⠑⠝⠀⠋⠕⠥⠝⠙⠀⠏⠕⠎⠎⠊⠃⠇⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠓⠑⠁⠞⠀⠗⠓⠕⠍⠃⠊⠉⠀
⠎⠥⠇⠏⠓⠥⠗⠀⠥⠏⠀⠞⠕⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀⠍⠑⠇⠞⠊⠝⠛⠀⠏⠕⠊⠝⠞⠀
⠶⠼⠁⠁⠙⠲⠑⠰⠙⠑⠛⠶⠲⠀⠠⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠞⠑⠍⠏⠑⠗⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠂⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀
⠕⠝⠇⠽⠀⠊⠎⠀⠗⠓⠕⠍⠃⠊⠉⠀⠎⠥⠇⠏⠓⠥⠗⠀⠊⠝⠀⠁⠀⠍⠑⠞⠁⠎⠞⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀
⠉⠕⠝⠙⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠂⠀⠃⠥⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠇⠊⠟⠥⠊⠙⠀⠊⠎⠀⠁⠇⠎⠕⠀
⠍⠑⠞⠁⠎⠞⠁⠃⠇⠑⠂⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀⠧⠁⠏⠕⠥⠗⠀⠏⠗⠑⠎⠎⠥⠗⠑⠀⠃⠑⠊⠝⠛⠀
⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠑⠗⠀⠞⠓⠁⠝⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠎⠕⠇⠊⠙⠀⠍⠕⠝⠕⠉⠇⠊⠝⠊⠉⠀
⠎⠥⠇⠏⠓⠥⠗⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠏⠕⠊⠝⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀⠗⠑⠏⠗⠑⠎⠑⠝⠞⠑⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀
⠕⠥⠗⠀⠙⠊⠁⠛⠗⠁⠍⠀⠃⠽⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠕⠊⠝⠞⠀⠃⠲⠀⠀⠠⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠗⠑⠇⠁⠞⠊⠧⠑⠀⠏⠕⠎⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠑⠞⠁⠎⠞⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀
⠍⠑⠇⠞⠊⠝⠛⠀⠏⠕⠊⠝⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠗⠓⠕⠍⠃⠊⠉⠀⠎⠥⠇⠏⠓⠥⠗⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑
⠀⠎⠞⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠍⠑⠇⠞⠊⠝⠛⠀⠏⠕⠊⠝⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠍⠕⠝⠕⠉⠇⠊⠝⠊⠉⠀
⠎⠥⠇⠏⠓⠥⠗⠀⠁⠞⠀⠼⠁⠃⠚⠰⠙⠑⠛⠂⠀⠺⠑⠀⠎⠑⠑⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠂⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑
⠀⠞⠺⠕⠀⠋⠕⠗⠍⠎⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠑⠞⠁⠎⠞⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠋⠕⠗⠍⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠇⠕⠺⠑⠗⠀⠍⠑⠇⠞⠊⠝⠛⠀⠏⠕⠊⠝⠞⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠊⠎⠂⠀⠕⠋⠀⠉⠕⠥⠗⠎⠑⠂⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.