Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Biology / The Phase Rule and Its Applications / Braille

The Phase Rule and Its Applications ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

730,629 braille cells · 773 embossed pages at 40×25 · 10,817 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠙⠊⠁⠛⠗⠁⠍⠍⠁⠞⠊⠉⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠕⠝⠙⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠥⠝⠙⠑⠗⠀
⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠺⠁⠞⠑⠗⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠧⠁⠏⠕⠥⠗⠂⠀⠊⠉⠑⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠧⠁⠏⠕⠥⠗⠂⠀
⠁⠝⠙⠀⠺⠁⠞⠑⠗⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠊⠉⠑⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠊⠝⠀⠑⠟⠥⠊⠇⠊⠃⠗⠊⠥⠍⠂⠀
⠋⠕⠗⠍⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠃⠕⠥⠝⠙⠁⠗⠊⠑⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠗⠑⠑⠀⠋⠊⠑⠇⠙⠎⠂⠀⠕⠗⠀
⠁⠗⠑⠁⠎⠂⠀⠠⠊⠲⠂⠀⠠⠠⠊⠊⠲⠂⠀⠠⠠⠊⠊⠊⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠎⠑⠀⠁⠗⠑⠁⠎⠂⠀
⠝⠕⠺⠂⠀⠗⠑⠏⠗⠑⠎⠑⠝⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠕⠝⠙⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠑⠭⠊⠎⠞⠑⠝⠉⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠊⠝⠛⠇⠑⠀⠏⠓⠁⠎⠑⠎⠂⠀⠎⠕⠇⠊⠙⠂⠀
⠇⠊⠟⠥⠊⠙⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠧⠁⠏⠕⠥⠗⠀⠗⠑⠎⠏⠑⠉⠞⠊⠧⠑⠇⠽⠲⠀⠠⠁⠞⠀
⠞⠑⠍⠏⠑⠗⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠎⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠏⠗⠑⠎⠎⠥⠗⠑⠎⠀⠗⠑⠏⠗⠑⠎⠑⠝⠞⠑⠙⠀
⠃⠽⠀⠁⠝⠽⠀⠏⠕⠊⠝⠞⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠋⠊⠑⠇⠙⠀⠠⠊⠲⠂⠀⠎⠕⠇⠊⠙⠀
⠕⠝⠇⠽⠀⠉⠁⠝⠀⠑⠭⠊⠎⠞⠀⠁⠎⠀⠁⠀⠎⠞⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠏⠓⠁⠎⠑⠲⠀⠠⠎⠊⠝⠉⠑
⠀⠺⠑⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠓⠑⠗⠑⠀⠕⠝⠑⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠕⠝⠑⠝⠞⠀⠊⠝⠀⠕⠝⠇⠽⠀⠕⠝⠑⠀
⠏⠓⠁⠎⠑⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠽⠎⠞⠑⠍⠀⠊⠎⠀⠃⠊⠧⠁⠗⠊⠁⠝⠞⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠁⠞⠀
⠁⠝⠽⠀⠛⠊⠧⠑⠝⠀⠞⠑⠍⠏⠑⠗⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠗⠑⠋⠕⠗⠑⠂⠀⠊⠉⠑⠀
⠉⠁⠝⠀⠑⠭⠊⠎⠞⠀⠥⠝⠙⠑⠗⠀⠁⠀⠎⠑⠗⠊⠑⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠏⠗⠑⠎⠎⠥⠗⠑⠎⠆⠀
⠁⠝⠙⠀⠥⠝⠙⠑⠗⠀⠁⠝⠽⠀⠛⠊⠧⠑⠝⠀⠏⠗⠑⠎⠎⠥⠗⠑⠂⠀⠁⠞⠀⠁⠀
⠎⠑⠗⠊⠑⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠑⠍⠏⠑⠗⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠎⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠎⠑⠀⠏⠗⠑⠎⠎⠥⠗⠑⠎⠀
⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠑⠍⠏⠑⠗⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠎⠀⠃⠑⠊⠝⠛⠀⠇⠊⠍⠊⠞⠑⠙⠀⠕⠝⠇⠽⠀⠃⠽⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠥⠗⠧⠑⠎⠀⠠⠠⠕⠃⠂⠀⠠⠠⠕⠉⠲⠀⠠⠎⠊⠍⠊⠇⠁⠗⠇⠽⠀⠁⠇⠎⠕⠀
⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠁⠗⠑⠁⠎⠀⠠⠠⠊⠊⠲⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠠⠠⠊⠊⠊⠲⠀⠀⠠⠺⠑⠀
⠎⠑⠑⠂⠀⠋⠥⠗⠞⠓⠑⠗⠂⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠙⠊⠋⠋⠑⠗⠑⠝⠞⠀⠁⠗⠑⠁⠎⠀
⠁⠗⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠗⠑⠛⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠎⠞⠁⠃⠊⠇⠊⠞⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠏⠓⠁⠎⠑⠀⠉⠕⠍⠍⠕⠝⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠞⠺⠕⠀⠉⠥⠗⠧⠑⠎⠀⠃⠽⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠁⠗⠑⠁⠀⠊⠎⠀⠑⠝⠉⠇⠕⠎⠑⠙⠲⠼⠉⠛⠀⠠⠞⠓⠥⠎⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠏⠓⠁⠎⠑⠀⠉⠕⠍⠍⠕⠝⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠞⠺⠕⠀⠎⠽⠎⠞⠑⠍⠎⠀⠼⠉⠚⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.