Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Biology / The Phase Rule and Its Applications / Braille

The Phase Rule and Its Applications ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

730,629 braille cells · 773 embossed pages at 40×25 · 10,817 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠞⠓⠑⠀⠼⠙⠃⠀⠕⠝⠑⠀⠋⠕⠗⠍⠂⠀⠕⠗⠙⠊⠝⠁⠗⠽⠀⠺⠓⠊⠞⠑⠀⠞⠊⠝⠂⠀
⠁⠝⠙⠀⠃⠑⠇⠕⠺⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠋⠕⠗⠍⠂⠀⠛⠗⠑⠽⠀
⠞⠊⠝⠂⠀⠊⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠞⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠧⠁⠗⠊⠑⠞⠽⠲⠀⠠⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠁⠎⠑
⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠍⠑⠞⠁⠇⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠞⠗⠁⠝⠎⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠏⠕⠊⠝⠞⠀⠺⠁⠎
⠀⠋⠕⠥⠝⠙⠀⠃⠽⠀⠠⠉⠕⠓⠑⠝⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠧⠁⠝⠀⠠⠑⠽⠅⠂⠀⠺⠓⠕⠀
⠑⠍⠏⠇⠕⠽⠑⠙⠀⠃⠕⠞⠓⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠙⠊⠇⠁⠞⠕⠍⠑⠞⠗⠊⠉⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠑⠇⠑⠉⠞⠗⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠍⠑⠞⠓⠕⠙⠎⠀⠶⠠⠁⠏⠏⠑⠝⠙⠊⠭⠶⠀⠞⠕⠀⠃⠑⠀
⠼⠃⠚⠰⠙⠑⠛⠲⠀⠠⠃⠑⠇⠕⠺⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠞⠑⠍⠏⠑⠗⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠂⠀⠛⠗⠑⠽⠀
⠞⠊⠝⠀⠊⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠞⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠋⠕⠗⠍⠲⠀⠠⠃⠥⠞⠂⠀⠁⠎⠀⠺⠑⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑
⠀⠎⠑⠑⠝⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠁⠎⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠎⠥⠇⠏⠓⠥⠗⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠓⠁⠝⠛⠑
⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠑⠞⠁⠎⠞⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠊⠝⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠞⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠎⠕⠇⠊⠙
⠀⠏⠓⠁⠎⠑⠀⠕⠉⠉⠥⠗⠎⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠉⠕⠝⠎⠊⠙⠑⠗⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀
⠎⠇⠕⠺⠝⠑⠎⠎⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠃⠑⠓⠁⠧⠊⠕⠥⠗⠀⠊⠎⠀⠋⠕⠥⠝⠙⠀
⠁⠇⠎⠕⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠁⠎⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠊⠝⠲⠀⠠⠺⠑⠗⠑⠀⠊⠞⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀
⠎⠕⠂⠀⠺⠑⠀⠎⠓⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠃⠑⠀⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠥⠎⠑⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀
⠍⠑⠞⠁⠇⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠁⠝⠽⠀⠏⠥⠗⠏⠕⠎⠑⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠊⠞⠀
⠊⠎⠀⠁⠏⠏⠇⠊⠑⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀⠑⠧⠑⠗⠽⠙⠁⠽⠀⠇⠊⠋⠑⠆⠀⠋⠕⠗⠂⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠑⠭⠉⠑⠏⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠁⠗⠁⠞⠊⠧⠑⠇⠽⠀⠎⠍⠁⠇⠇⠀
⠝⠥⠍⠃⠑⠗⠀⠕⠋⠀⠙⠁⠽⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠽⠑⠁⠗⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠞⠑⠍⠏⠑⠗⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠕⠥⠗⠀⠉⠇⠊⠍⠁⠞⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀⠃⠑⠇⠕⠺⠀
⠼⠃⠚⠰⠙⠑⠛⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠺⠓⠊⠞⠑⠀⠞⠊⠝⠀⠊⠎⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠗⠑⠋⠕⠗⠑⠂⠀⠁⠞
⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠕⠗⠙⠊⠝⠁⠗⠽⠀⠞⠑⠍⠏⠑⠗⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠂⠀⠊⠝⠀⠁⠀
⠍⠑⠞⠁⠎⠞⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠉⠕⠝⠙⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠓⠁⠝⠛⠑⠂⠀
⠓⠕⠺⠑⠧⠑⠗⠂⠀⠊⠝⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠞⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠋⠕⠗⠍⠀⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠕⠗⠙⠊⠝⠁⠗⠽⠀⠞⠑⠍⠏⠑⠗⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠂⠀⠁⠇⠞⠓⠕⠥⠛⠓⠀⠎⠇⠕⠺⠂⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.