Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Education / Means and Ends of Education / Braille

Means and Ends of Education ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

294,078 braille cells · 311 embossed pages at 40×25 · 205 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠊⠗⠀⠞⠗⠥⠞⠓⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠇⠕⠧⠑⠆⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠑⠙⠥⠉⠁⠃⠇⠑⠝⠑⠎⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠁⠝⠀⠊⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠏⠗⠕⠏⠕⠗⠞⠊⠕⠝
⠀⠞⠕⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠋⠁⠊⠞⠓⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠕⠧⠑⠗⠑⠊⠛⠝⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀
⠊⠝⠋⠊⠝⠊⠞⠑⠀⠝⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠗⠥⠞⠓⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠇⠕⠧⠑⠂⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓
⠀⠊⠎⠀⠋⠁⠊⠞⠓⠀⠊⠝⠀⠠⠛⠕⠙⠲⠀⠀⠠⠊⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠽⠕⠥⠞⠓⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞
⠀⠺⠑⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠍⠕⠎⠞⠀⠎⠥⠎⠉⠑⠏⠞⠊⠃⠇⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠑⠙⠥⠉⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠂⠀
⠃⠑⠉⠁⠥⠎⠑⠀⠊⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠗⠊⠧⠊⠇⠑⠛⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠽⠕⠥⠞⠓⠀⠞⠕⠀
⠃⠑⠀⠋⠗⠑⠑⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠞⠽⠗⠁⠝⠝⠊⠉⠀⠉⠁⠗⠑⠎⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠃⠑⠀
⠎⠑⠝⠎⠊⠞⠊⠧⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠓⠁⠗⠍⠀⠕⠋⠀⠝⠕⠃⠇⠑⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀
⠙⠊⠎⠊⠝⠞⠑⠗⠑⠎⠞⠑⠙⠀⠏⠁⠎⠎⠊⠕⠝⠎⠲⠀⠀⠠⠊⠋⠀⠺⠑⠀⠎⠓⠕⠺⠀⠞⠓⠑
⠀⠽⠕⠥⠝⠛⠀⠎⠕⠥⠇⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠺⠁⠽⠀⠞⠕⠀⠓⠊⠛⠓⠑⠗⠀⠺⠕⠗⠇⠙⠎⠂⠀⠓⠑
⠀⠺⠊⠇⠇⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠁⠎⠅⠀⠥⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠎⠞⠗⠑⠺⠀⠊⠞⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀
⠋⠇⠕⠺⠑⠗⠎⠂⠀⠕⠗⠀⠏⠁⠧⠑⠀⠊⠞⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠛⠕⠇⠙⠂⠀⠃⠥⠞⠀⠓⠑⠀
⠺⠊⠇⠇⠀⠃⠑⠀⠉⠕⠝⠞⠑⠝⠞⠀⠞⠕⠀⠺⠁⠇⠅⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠃⠗⠥⠊⠎⠑⠙⠀
⠋⠑⠑⠞⠀⠁⠇⠕⠝⠛⠀⠍⠕⠥⠝⠞⠁⠊⠝⠀⠺⠁⠎⠞⠑⠎⠂⠀⠊⠋⠀⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠎⠥⠍⠍⠊⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀⠊⠇⠇⠥⠍⠊⠝⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠚⠕⠽⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀
⠏⠑⠁⠉⠑⠲⠀⠀⠠⠁⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠗⠑⠇⠊⠛⠊⠕⠝⠀⠍⠁⠝⠽⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠉⠁⠇⠇⠑⠙⠀
⠃⠥⠞⠀⠋⠑⠺⠀⠉⠓⠕⠎⠑⠝⠂⠀⠁⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠗⠁⠉⠑⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀
⠺⠑⠁⠇⠞⠓⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠏⠇⠁⠉⠑⠀⠍⠁⠝⠽⠀⠎⠞⠁⠗⠞⠀⠃⠥⠞⠀⠋⠑⠺⠀⠺⠊⠝⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠗⠊⠵⠑⠂⠀⠎⠕⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠥⠗⠎⠥⠊⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠊⠝⠞⠑⠇⠇⠑⠉⠞⠥⠁⠇⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠍⠕⠗⠁⠇⠀⠑⠭⠉⠑⠇⠇⠑⠝⠉⠑⠂⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠋⠑⠺⠀⠺⠓⠕⠀⠃⠑⠛⠊⠝⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠕⠎⠞⠀⠎⠕⠕⠝⠀⠺⠑⠁⠗⠽⠂⠀
⠺⠓⠊⠇⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠗⠑⠍⠝⠁⠝⠞⠂⠀⠍⠁⠝⠽⠀⠛⠗⠕⠺⠀⠊⠝⠋⠊⠗⠍⠀
⠊⠝⠀⠏⠥⠗⠏⠕⠎⠑⠀⠕⠗⠀⠊⠝⠀⠃⠕⠙⠽⠀⠃⠑⠋⠕⠗⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠛⠕⠁⠇⠀⠊⠎
⠀⠗⠑⠁⠉⠓⠑⠙⠲⠀⠀⠠⠞⠊⠍⠑⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠎⠏⠁⠉⠑⠂⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠓⠕⠇⠙⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.