Library / Physics / Electricity and Magnetism / Braille
Electricity and Magnetism ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition
Grade 2 — contracted English braille (EBAE-compatible subset). Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 1 instead.
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258,565 braille cells · 272 embossed pages at 40×25 · 280 unrepresentable characters omitted
⠱⠢⠀⠭⠀⠊⠎⠀⠎⠑⠞⠀⠋⠗⠑⠑⠂⠀⠚⠀⠮⠀⠎⠁⠍⠑⠀⠵⠀⠑⠝⠻⠛⠽⠀⠊⠎⠀ ⠌⠕⠗⠫⠀⠔⠀⠵⠔⠉⠲⠀⠠⠮⠀⠌⠕⠗⠁⠛⠑⠤⠃⠁⠞⠞⠻⠽⠂⠀⠱⠢⠀⠗⠑⠁⠙⠽⠀⠿ ⠀⠁⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠂⠀⠊⠎⠀⠐⠕⠀⠿⠍⠀⠷⠀⠁⠉⠊⠙⠀⠕⠗⠀⠏⠗⠊⠍⠜⠽⠀ ⠃⠁⠞⠞⠻⠽⠲⠀⠠⠭⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠃⠑⠢⠀⠍⠁⠙⠑⠀⠃⠽⠀⠏⠁⠎⠎⠬⠀⠁⠀ ⠉⠥⠗⠗⠢⠞⠀⠷⠀⠑⠇⠑⠉⠞⠗⠊⠉⠊⠞⠽⠀⠹⠗⠳⠛⠓⠀⠭⠀⠥⠝⠞⠊⠇⠀⠮⠀ ⠡⠑⠍⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠗⠑⠇⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠞⠺⠕⠀⠇⠑⠁⠙⠀⠏⠇⠁⠞⠑⠎⠀⠓⠀ ⠃⠑⠢⠀⠡⠁⠝⠛⠫⠀⠎⠀⠞⠀⠮⠀⠏⠕⠞⠢⠞⠊⠁⠇⠀⠷⠀⠐⠕⠀⠊⠎⠀⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠻⠀ ⠹⠁⠝⠀⠞⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠕⠮⠗⠲⠀⠠⠁⠀⠎⠊⠍⠏⠇⠑⠀⠌⠕⠗⠁⠛⠑⠤⠃⠁⠞⠞⠻⠽⠀ ⠑⠇⠑⠍⠢⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀⠍⠁⠙⠑⠀⠥⠏⠀⠷⠀⠞⠺⠕⠀⠏⠇⠁⠞⠑⠎⠀⠷⠀⠇⠑⠁⠙⠀ ⠓⠑⠇⠙⠀⠕⠥⠞⠀⠷⠀⠉⠕⠝⠞⠁⠉⠞⠀⠾⠀⠑⠁⠡⠀⠕⠮⠗⠀⠃⠽⠀⠐⠎⠀ ⠊⠝⠎⠥⠇⠁⠞⠬⠀⠎⠥⠃⠌⠁⠝⠉⠑⠀⠮⠀⠎⠁⠍⠑⠀⠵⠀⠮⠀⠑⠇⠑⠍⠢⠞⠎⠀⠷⠀ ⠁⠝⠀⠕⠗⠙⠔⠜⠽⠀⠃⠁⠞⠞⠻⠽⠲⠀⠠⠮⠀⠉⠑⠇⠇⠀⠊⠎⠀⠋⠊⠇⠇⠫⠀⠾⠀ ⠙⠊⠇⠥⠞⠑⠀⠎⠥⠇⠏⠓⠥⠗⠊⠉⠀⠁⠉⠊⠙⠂⠀⠯⠀⠮⠗⠑⠀⠺⠀⠃⠑⠀⠝⠕⠀ ⠑⠇⠑⠉⠞⠗⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠁⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠞⠊⠇⠇⠀⠮⠀⠉⠑⠇⠇⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠃⠑⠢⠀ ⠡⠜⠛⠫⠀⠃⠽⠀⠗⠥⠝⠝⠬⠀⠁⠀⠉⠥⠗⠗⠢⠞⠀⠷⠀⠑⠇⠑⠉⠞⠗⠊⠉⠊⠞⠽⠀ ⠹⠗⠳⠛⠓⠀⠭⠀⠯⠀⠿⠍⠬⠀⠁⠀⠇⠑⠁⠙⠀⠕⠭⠊⠙⠑⠀⠕⠝⠀⠐⠕⠀⠏⠇⠁⠞⠑⠲⠀ ⠠⠝⠪⠂⠀⠞⠁⠅⠑⠀⠷⠋⠀⠮⠀⠡⠜⠛⠬⠀⠃⠁⠞⠞⠻⠽⠀⠯⠀⠉⠕⠝⠝⠑⠉⠞⠀⠮⠀ ⠞⠺⠕⠀⠏⠕⠇⠑⠎⠂⠀⠯⠀⠑⠇⠑⠉⠞⠗⠊⠉⠊⠞⠽⠀⠺⠀⠋⠇⠪⠀⠥⠝⠞⠊⠇⠀⠮⠀ ⠕⠭⠊⠙⠑⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠏⠜⠞⠇⠽⠀⠡⠁⠝⠛⠫⠀⠃⠁⠉⠅⠀⠊⠝⠞⠕⠀⠎⠏⠕⠝⠛⠽⠀ ⠍⠑⠞⠁⠇⠇⠊⠉⠀⠇⠑⠁⠙⠂⠀⠱⠢⠀⠭⠀⠍⠥⠌⠀⠃⠑⠀⠗⠢⠑⠺⠫⠀⠃⠽⠀ ⠗⠑⠡⠜⠛⠬⠲⠀⠀⠠⠊⠀⠗⠑⠍⠑⠍⠃⠻⠀⠏⠻⠋⠑⠉⠞⠇⠽⠀⠺⠑⠇⠇⠀⠮⠀⠋⠊⠗⠌ ⠀⠛⠁⠇⠧⠁⠝⠊⠉⠀⠃⠁⠞⠞⠻⠽⠀⠠⠊⠀⠑⠧⠻⠀⠎⠁⠺⠂⠀⠿⠀⠭⠀⠴⠀⠷⠀⠍⠽⠀ ⠕⠺⠝⠀⠉⠕⠝⠌⠗⠥⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠲⠀⠠⠭⠀⠊⠎⠀⠝⠪⠀⠝⠑⠜⠇⠽⠀⠋⠊⠋⠞⠽⠀ ⠽⠑⠜⠎⠀⠁⠛⠕⠂⠀⠯⠀⠽⠑⠞⠀⠭⠀⠎⠑⠑⠍⠎⠀⠃⠀⠽⠑⠌⠻⠙⠁⠽⠤⠤⠎⠥⠡⠀ ⠊⠎⠀⠮⠀⠋⠇⠊⠛⠓⠞⠀⠷⠀⠐⠞⠲⠀⠠⠊⠀⠗⠑⠇⠁⠞⠫⠀⠞⠕⠀⠽⠀⠔⠀⠁⠝⠕⠮⠗
These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.