Library / Physics / Electricity and Magnetism / Braille
Electricity and Magnetism ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition
Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.
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312,993 braille cells · 332 embossed pages at 40×25 · 280 unrepresentable characters omitted
⠁⠝⠀⠑⠇⠑⠉⠞⠗⠕⠍⠁⠛⠝⠑⠞⠲⠀⠠⠍⠁⠛⠝⠑⠞⠊⠎⠍⠀⠕⠗⠀⠍⠁⠛⠝⠑⠞⠊⠉ ⠀⠇⠊⠝⠑⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠋⠕⠗⠉⠑⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠃⠑⠀⠙⠑⠧⠑⠇⠕⠏⠑⠙⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠕⠥⠞ ⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠗⠑⠎⠑⠝⠉⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠊⠗⠕⠝⠲⠀⠠⠺⠓⠑⠝⠀⠺⠑⠀⠏⠁⠎⠎⠀⠁⠀ ⠉⠥⠗⠗⠑⠝⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠑⠇⠑⠉⠞⠗⠊⠉⠊⠞⠽⠀⠞⠓⠗⠕⠥⠛⠓⠀⠁⠀⠺⠊⠗⠑⠂⠀ ⠍⠁⠛⠝⠑⠞⠊⠉⠀⠇⠊⠝⠑⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠋⠕⠗⠉⠑⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠞⠓⠗⠕⠺⠝⠀⠕⠥⠞⠀ ⠁⠞⠀⠗⠊⠛⠓⠞⠀⠁⠝⠛⠇⠑⠎⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠙⠊⠗⠑⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀ ⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠥⠗⠗⠑⠝⠞⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠺⠊⠇⠇⠀⠃⠑⠀⠋⠥⠇⠇⠽⠀ ⠑⠭⠏⠇⠁⠊⠝⠑⠙⠀⠋⠥⠗⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠕⠝⠲⠀⠠⠊⠋⠀⠺⠑⠀⠺⠊⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀ ⠺⠊⠗⠑⠀⠊⠝⠞⠕⠀⠁⠀⠉⠕⠊⠇⠂⠀⠕⠗⠀⠓⠑⠇⠊⠭⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠎⠑⠀ ⠍⠁⠛⠝⠑⠞⠊⠉⠀⠇⠊⠝⠑⠎⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠉⠕⠝⠉⠑⠝⠞⠗⠁⠞⠑⠙⠲⠀⠠⠊⠋⠀⠝⠕⠺ ⠀⠺⠑⠀⠎⠥⠎⠏⠑⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠓⠑⠇⠊⠭⠂⠀⠕⠗⠂⠀⠃⠑⠞⠞⠑⠗⠂⠀ ⠋⠇⠕⠁⠞⠀⠊⠞⠀⠕⠝⠀⠺⠁⠞⠑⠗⠀⠎⠕⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠊⠞⠀⠉⠁⠝⠀⠍⠕⠧⠑⠀ ⠋⠗⠑⠑⠇⠽⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠏⠁⠎⠎⠀⠁⠀⠉⠥⠗⠗⠑⠝⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀ ⠑⠇⠑⠉⠞⠗⠊⠉⠊⠞⠽⠀⠞⠓⠗⠕⠥⠛⠓⠀⠊⠞⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠓⠑⠇⠊⠭⠀⠺⠊⠇⠇⠀ ⠁⠗⠗⠁⠝⠛⠑⠀⠊⠞⠎⠑⠇⠋⠀⠝⠕⠗⠞⠓⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠎⠕⠥⠞⠓⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠁⠍⠑⠀ ⠁⠎⠀⠁⠀⠍⠁⠛⠝⠑⠞⠊⠉⠀⠝⠑⠑⠙⠇⠑⠲⠀⠠⠊⠞⠎⠀⠁⠞⠞⠗⠁⠉⠞⠊⠧⠑⠀ ⠏⠗⠕⠏⠑⠗⠞⠊⠑⠎⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠋⠑⠑⠃⠇⠑⠀⠊⠝⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠁⠗⠊⠎⠕⠝⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓ ⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠊⠗⠕⠝⠂⠀⠃⠥⠞⠀⠊⠞⠀⠕⠃⠑⠽⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠇⠁⠺⠎ ⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠀⠍⠁⠛⠝⠑⠞⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠑⠁⠗⠞⠓⠀⠊⠎⠀⠏⠗⠕⠃⠁⠃⠇⠽⠀⠁⠀ ⠍⠁⠛⠝⠑⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠅⠊⠝⠙⠂⠀⠉⠕⠝⠎⠊⠎⠞⠊⠝⠛⠀⠍⠕⠎⠞⠇⠽⠀ ⠕⠋⠀⠇⠊⠝⠑⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠋⠕⠗⠉⠑⠲⠀⠀⠠⠓⠕⠺⠑⠧⠑⠗⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠊⠗⠕⠝⠀ ⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠑⠁⠗⠞⠓⠀⠊⠎⠀⠁⠋⠋⠑⠉⠞⠑⠙⠀⠍⠁⠛⠝⠑⠞⠊⠉⠁⠇⠇⠽⠂⠀ ⠁⠎⠀⠺⠑⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠑⠧⠊⠙⠑⠝⠉⠑⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠇⠕⠁⠙⠎⠞⠕⠝⠑⠲⠀ ⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠑⠁⠗⠞⠓⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠕⠺⠑⠗⠀⠁⠇⠎⠕⠀⠞⠕⠀ ⠍⠁⠛⠝⠑⠞⠊⠵⠑⠀⠊⠗⠕⠝⠀⠞⠓⠗⠕⠥⠛⠓⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠑⠙⠊⠥⠍⠀⠕⠋⠀⠊⠞⠎
These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.