Library / Engineering & Technology / The Earliest Electromagnetic Instruments / Braille
The Earliest Electromagnetic Instruments ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition
Grade 2 — contracted English braille (EBAE-compatible subset). Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 1 instead.
Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt
54,555 braille cells · 58 embossed pages at 40×25 · 666 unrepresentable characters omitted
⠑⠭⠏⠻⠊⠍⠢⠞⠎⠀⠑⠗⠗⠕⠝⠑⠳⠎⠀⠉⠕⠝⠉⠇⠥⠎⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠊⠝⠧⠕⠇⠧⠬⠀ ⠁⠝⠊⠍⠁⠇⠀⠑⠇⠑⠉⠞⠗⠊⠉⠊⠞⠽⠂⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠶⠀⠙⠊⠎⠏⠥⠞⠫⠀⠃⠽⠀ ⠠⠧⠕⠇⠞⠁⠀⠔⠀⠦⠀⠍⠑⠞⠁⠇⠤⠉⠕⠝⠞⠁⠉⠞⠀⠮⠕⠗⠽⠂⠀⠭⠀⠊⠎⠀ ⠎⠊⠛⠝⠊⠋⠊⠉⠁⠝⠞⠀⠋⠀⠮⠀⠊⠝⠌⠗⠥⠍⠢⠞⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠏⠕⠔⠞⠀⠷⠀ ⠧⠊⠑⠺⠀⠞⠀⠮⠀⠋⠗⠕⠛⠄⠎⠀⠇⠑⠛⠎⠀⠶⠀⠥⠝⠟⠥⠑⠌⠊⠕⠝⠁⠃⠇⠽⠀⠃⠽⠀ ⠋⠜⠀⠮⠀⠍⠕⠌⠀⠎⠢⠎⠊⠞⠊⠧⠑⠀⠙⠑⠞⠑⠉⠞⠕⠗⠀⠷⠀ ⠍⠑⠞⠁⠇⠤⠉⠕⠝⠞⠁⠉⠞⠀⠑⠇⠑⠉⠞⠗⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠑⠋⠋⠑⠉⠞⠎⠀ ⠁⠧⠁⠊⠇⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠁⠞⠀⠮⠀⠐⠞⠲⠀⠠⠾⠳⠞⠀⠸⠮⠀⠊⠝⠞⠻⠧⠢⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠮⠀ ⠙⠑⠧⠑⠇⠕⠏⠍⠢⠞⠀⠷⠀⠹⠊⠎⠀⠑⠝⠞⠊⠗⠑⠀⠎⠥⠃⠚⠑⠉⠞⠤⠁⠗⠑⠁⠂⠀ ⠊⠝⠉⠇⠥⠙⠬⠀⠮⠀⠉⠗⠑⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠷⠀⠡⠑⠍⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠉⠑⠇⠇⠎⠂⠀ ⠍⠊⠛⠓⠞⠀⠓⠀⠃⠑⠢⠀⠙⠑⠇⠁⠽⠫⠀⠸⠍⠀⠽⠑⠜⠎⠲⠀⠠⠧⠕⠇⠞⠁⠀ ⠓⠊⠍⠎⠑⠇⠋⠀⠗⠑⠁⠇⠊⠵⠫⠀⠞⠀⠮⠀⠉⠗⠥⠉⠊⠁⠇⠀⠞⠑⠌⠀⠃⠑⠞⠺⠑⠢⠀⠦ ⠀⠮⠕⠗⠽⠀⠯⠀⠞⠀⠷⠀⠠⠛⠁⠇⠧⠁⠝⠊⠀⠗⠑⠟⠥⠊⠗⠫⠀⠉⠕⠝⠋⠊⠗⠍⠬⠀⠮⠀ ⠑⠭⠊⠌⠢⠉⠑⠀⠷⠀⠍⠑⠞⠁⠇⠤⠉⠕⠝⠞⠁⠉⠞⠀⠑⠇⠑⠉⠞⠗⠊⠉⠊⠞⠽⠀⠃⠽⠀ ⠐⠎⠀⠑⠇⠑⠉⠞⠗⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠃⠀⠝⠕⠝⠏⠓⠽⠎⠊⠕⠇⠕⠛⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀ ⠙⠑⠞⠑⠉⠞⠕⠗⠲⠀⠠⠓⠑⠀⠏⠻⠿⠍⠫⠀⠹⠊⠎⠀⠞⠑⠌⠀⠎⠥⠉⠉⠑⠎⠎⠋⠥⠇⠇⠽ ⠀⠾⠀⠁⠝⠀⠑⠇⠑⠉⠞⠗⠕⠎⠉⠕⠏⠑⠂⠀⠥⠎⠬⠀⠮⠀⠉⠕⠝⠙⠢⠎⠬⠀ ⠞⠑⠡⠝⠊⠟⠥⠑⠀⠓⠑⠀⠸⠓⠀⠊⠝⠧⠢⠞⠫⠀⠍⠀⠹⠁⠝⠀⠁⠀⠙⠑⠉⠁⠙⠑⠀ ⠑⠜⠇⠊⠻⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠊⠝⠌⠗⠥⠍⠢⠞⠬⠀⠠⠧⠕⠇⠞⠁⠊⠉⠀⠕⠗⠀ ⠠⠛⠁⠇⠧⠁⠝⠊⠉⠀⠠⠑⠇⠑⠉⠞⠗⠊⠉⠊⠞⠽⠂⠀⠼⠁⠓⠚⠚⠤⠁⠓⠃⠚⠀⠀⠀⠠⠔⠀ ⠦⠀⠋⠁⠍⠳⠎⠀⠇⠑⠞⠞⠻⠀⠷⠀⠠⠍⠜⠡⠀⠼⠃⠚⠂⠀⠼⠁⠓⠚⠚⠂⠀⠺⠗⠊⠞⠞⠢⠀ ⠔⠀⠠⠋⠗⠢⠡⠀⠋⠀⠠⠉⠕⠍⠕⠂⠀⠠⠊⠞⠁⠇⠽⠂⠀⠞⠕⠀⠮⠀⠏⠗⠑⠎⠊⠙⠢⠞⠀⠷ ⠀⠮⠀⠠⠗⠕⠽⠁⠇⠀⠠⠎⠕⠉⠊⠑⠞⠽⠀⠔⠀⠠⠇⠕⠝⠙⠕⠝⠂⠀⠠⠧⠕⠇⠞⠁⠀ ⠍⠁⠙⠑⠀⠮⠀⠋⠊⠗⠌⠀⠏⠥⠃⠇⠊⠉⠀⠁⠝⠝⠳⠝⠉⠑⠍⠢⠞⠀⠷⠀⠃⠕⠹⠀⠦⠀ ⠏⠊⠇⠑⠀⠶⠮⠀⠋⠊⠗⠌⠀⠠⠑⠝⠛⠇⠊⠩⠀⠞⠗⠁⠝⠎⠇⠁⠞⠕⠗⠀⠥⠎⠫⠀⠮⠀⠘⠺
These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.