Library / Philosophy / The origin of the family, private property, and the state / Braille
The origin of the family, private property, and the state ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition
Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.
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⠏⠗⠕⠙⠥⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠂⠀⠊⠝⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀⠋⠊⠝⠁⠇⠀⠎⠞⠁⠛⠑⠂⠀ ⠎⠓⠥⠞⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀⠕⠧⠑⠗⠺⠓⠑⠇⠍⠊⠝⠛⠀⠍⠁⠎⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠇⠕⠝⠛⠊⠝⠛⠀ ⠓⠥⠍⠁⠝⠊⠞⠽⠀⠕⠥⠞⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠓⠁⠏⠏⠊⠝⠑⠎⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠓⠕⠍⠑⠀ ⠁⠝⠙⠀⠀⠋⠁⠍⠊⠇⠽⠀⠇⠊⠋⠑⠂⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀⠑⠧⠕⠇⠥⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠞⠕⠀ ⠁⠀⠓⠊⠛⠓⠑⠗⠀⠊⠝⠙⠊⠧⠊⠙⠥⠁⠇⠊⠞⠽⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠑⠧⠑⠝⠀⠀⠙⠗⠊⠧⠑⠎ ⠀⠏⠗⠕⠛⠗⠑⠎⠎⠀⠃⠁⠉⠅⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠋⠕⠗⠉⠑⠎⠀⠍⠊⠇⠇⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀ ⠓⠥⠍⠁⠝⠀⠃⠑⠊⠝⠛⠎⠀⠊⠝⠞⠕⠀⠀⠊⠗⠗⠑⠧⠕⠉⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀ ⠙⠑⠛⠑⠝⠑⠗⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠙⠑⠎⠊⠗⠑⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠁⠀ ⠓⠊⠛⠓⠑⠗⠀⠇⠊⠋⠑⠀⠉⠁⠝⠝⠕⠞⠀⠁⠺⠁⠅⠑⠀⠊⠝⠀⠁⠀⠍⠁⠝⠂⠀⠥⠝⠞⠊⠇ ⠀⠓⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀⠀⠞⠓⠕⠗⠕⠥⠛⠓⠇⠽⠀⠉⠕⠝⠧⠊⠝⠉⠑⠙⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀ ⠏⠗⠑⠎⠑⠝⠞⠀⠇⠊⠋⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀⠥⠛⠇⠽⠂⠀⠇⠕⠺⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠉⠁⠏⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀ ⠕⠋⠀⠀⠊⠍⠏⠗⠕⠧⠑⠍⠑⠝⠞⠀⠃⠽⠀⠓⠊⠍⠎⠑⠇⠋⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠗⠑⠎⠑⠝⠞ ⠀⠇⠊⠞⠞⠇⠑⠀⠧⠕⠇⠥⠍⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀⠑⠎⠏⠑⠉⠊⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀⠁⠙⠁⠏⠞⠑⠙⠀⠀⠞⠕ ⠀⠁⠎⠎⠊⠎⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠑⠭⠏⠇⠕⠊⠞⠑⠙⠀⠕⠋⠀⠃⠕⠞⠓⠀⠎⠑⠭⠑⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀ ⠗⠑⠉⠕⠛⠝⠊⠵⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠁⠉⠞⠥⠁⠇⠀⠉⠁⠥⠎⠑⠎⠀⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀ ⠃⠗⠕⠥⠛⠓⠞⠀⠁⠃⠕⠥⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠊⠗⠀⠏⠗⠑⠎⠑⠝⠞⠀⠉⠕⠝⠙⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠲⠀ ⠠⠃⠽⠀⠕⠏⠑⠝⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠑⠽⠑⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀⠙⠑⠇⠥⠙⠑⠙⠀ ⠞⠓⠗⠕⠝⠛⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠗⠑⠙⠥⠉⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠧⠁⠏⠕⠗⠊⠝⠛⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀ ⠞⠓⠑⠊⠗⠀⠊⠛⠝⠕⠗⠁⠝⠞⠀⠕⠗⠀⠎⠑⠇⠋⠊⠎⠓⠀⠀⠺⠕⠥⠇⠙⠤⠃⠑⠀ ⠇⠑⠁⠙⠑⠗⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠏⠕⠇⠊⠞⠊⠉⠎⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠑⠙⠥⠉⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠞⠕⠀ ⠎⠕⠃⠑⠗⠀⠗⠑⠁⠇⠊⠞⠽⠂⠀⠊⠞⠀⠺⠊⠇⠇⠀⠀⠎⠓⠕⠺⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠺⠁⠽⠀⠕⠥⠞ ⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠙⠁⠗⠅⠝⠑⠎⠎⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠍⠁⠵⠑⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠎⠇⠁⠧⠊⠎⠓⠀ ⠞⠗⠁⠙⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠊⠝⠞⠕⠀⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠇⠊⠛⠓⠞⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠋⠗⠑⠑⠙⠕⠍⠀ ⠕⠋⠀⠁⠀⠋⠥⠇⠇⠑⠗⠀⠇⠊⠋⠑⠀⠕⠝⠀⠑⠁⠗⠞⠓⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠎⠑⠀⠁⠗⠑ ⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠗⠑⠁⠎⠕⠝⠎⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠊⠝⠞⠗⠕⠙⠥⠉⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠇⠊⠞⠞⠇⠑
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