Skip to content

Library / Philosophy / An Ethnologist's View of History / Braille

An Ethnologist's View of History ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 2 — contracted English braille (EBAE-compatible subset). Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 1 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

36,673 braille cells · 39 embossed pages at 40×25 · 334 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠀⠭⠂⠀⠔⠀⠋⠁⠉⠞⠀⠁⠝⠽⠹⠬⠀⠑⠇⠎⠑⠀⠹⠁⠝⠀⠁⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠊⠇⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀
⠉⠕⠝⠞⠁⠔⠬⠀⠮⠀⠍⠁⠞⠻⠊⠁⠇⠎⠀⠷⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠗⠑⠁⠇⠀⠓⠊⠌⠕⠗⠽⠀
⠩⠳⠇⠙⠀⠃⠑⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠕⠎⠫⠦⠀⠀⠠⠊⠀⠉⠕⠝⠎⠊⠙⠻⠀⠞⠀⠮⠀⠍⠊⠎⠎⠊⠕⠝
⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠓⠊⠌⠕⠗⠊⠁⠝⠂⠀⠞⠁⠅⠢⠀⠔⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠇⠑⠞⠑⠌⠀
⠎⠢⠎⠑⠂⠀⠊⠎⠀⠎⠕⠍⠑⠹⠬⠀⠍⠥⠡⠀⠍⠂⠀⠍⠥⠡⠀⠓⠊⠛⠓⠻⠂⠀⠹⠁⠝⠀⠮⠀
⠉⠕⠇⠇⠑⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠯⠀⠝⠜⠗⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠷⠀⠑⠧⠢⠞⠎⠂⠀⠝⠕⠀⠍⠁⠞⠞⠻⠀
⠓⠪⠀⠺⠑⠇⠇⠀⠹⠊⠎⠀⠊⠎⠀⠙⠕⠝⠑⠲⠀⠠⠮⠀⠓⠊⠌⠕⠗⠊⠁⠝⠀⠩⠳⠇⠙⠀⠃⠑
⠀⠇⠀⠮⠀⠍⠁⠝⠀⠷⠀⠎⠉⠊⠢⠉⠑⠂⠀⠯⠀⠛⠗⠳⠏⠀⠦⠀⠋⠁⠉⠞⠎⠀⠐⠥⠀
⠊⠝⠙⠥⠉⠞⠊⠧⠑⠀⠎⠽⠌⠑⠍⠎⠀⠎⠀⠵⠀⠞⠕⠀⠗⠑⠁⠡⠀⠮⠀⠛⠢⠻⠁⠇⠀
⠇⠁⠺⠎⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠉⠕⠝⠝⠑⠉⠞⠀⠯⠀⠑⠭⠏⠇⠁⠔⠀⠮⠍⠲⠀⠠⠓⠑⠀⠩⠳⠇⠙⠂⠀
⠌⠊⠇⠇⠀⠋⠥⠗⠮⠗⠂⠀⠃⠑⠀⠇⠀⠮⠀⠁⠗⠞⠊⠌⠂⠀⠯⠀⠑⠝⠙⠑⠁⠧⠕⠗⠀⠎⠀
⠞⠕⠀⠑⠭⠓⠊⠃⠊⠞⠀⠘⠮⠀⠉⠕⠝⠝⠑⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠐⠥⠀⠇⠊⠞⠻⠜⠽⠀⠿⠍⠎⠀
⠞⠀⠮⠽⠀⠏⠗⠑⠎⠢⠞⠀⠞⠕⠀⠮⠀⠗⠑⠁⠙⠻⠀⠮⠀⠊⠍⠏⠗⠑⠎⠎⠊⠕⠝⠀⠷⠀⠁⠀
⠎⠽⠍⠍⠑⠞⠗⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠯⠀⠕⠗⠛⠁⠝⠊⠉⠀⠥⠝⠊⠞⠽⠂⠀⠔⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠑⠁⠡⠀
⠐⠏⠀⠕⠗⠀⠑⠧⠢⠞⠀⠃⠑⠜⠎⠀⠙⠑⠋⠔⠊⠞⠑⠀⠗⠑⠇⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠁⠇⠇
⠀⠕⠮⠗⠎⠲⠀⠠⠉⠕⠇⠇⠑⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠯⠀⠉⠕⠇⠇⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠝⠀
⠑⠝⠳⠛⠓⠲⠀⠠⠮⠀⠓⠊⠌⠕⠗⠊⠁⠝⠀⠍⠥⠌⠀⠐⠺⠀⠥⠏⠀⠦⠀⠋⠊⠑⠇⠙⠀
⠝⠕⠞⠑⠎⠂⠀⠵⠀⠮⠀⠛⠑⠕⠇⠕⠛⠊⠌⠎⠀⠎⠁⠽⠂⠀⠎⠀⠵⠀⠞⠕⠀⠑⠭⠞⠗⠁⠉⠞
⠀⠋⠀⠦⠀⠙⠁⠞⠁⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀⠮⠀⠥⠎⠑⠋⠥⠇⠀⠗⠑⠎⠥⠇⠞⠎⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠮⠽⠀
⠁⠗⠑⠀⠉⠁⠏⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠷⠀⠽⠊⠑⠇⠙⠬⠲⠀⠀⠠⠊⠀⠁⠍⠀⠟⠀⠉⠻⠞⠁⠔⠀⠞⠀⠔
⠀⠘⠮⠀⠕⠃⠚⠑⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠠⠊⠀⠉⠀⠉⠳⠝⠞⠀⠕⠝⠀⠮⠀⠎⠥⠋⠋⠗⠁⠛⠑⠎⠀
⠷⠀⠍⠕⠌⠲⠀⠠⠿⠀⠮⠀⠍⠁⠚⠕⠗⠊⠞⠽⠀⠷⠀⠁⠥⠹⠕⠗⠎⠀⠺⠗⠊⠞⠑⠀
⠓⠊⠌⠕⠗⠽⠀⠔⠀⠁⠀⠌⠽⠇⠑⠀⠺⠊⠙⠑⠇⠽⠀⠙⠊⠋⠋⠻⠢⠞⠀⠋⠀⠞⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀
⠠⠊⠀⠓⠀⠃⠑⠢⠀⠙⠑⠎⠉⠗⠊⠃⠬⠲⠀⠠⠮⠽⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠙⠊⠌⠔⠉⠞⠇⠽⠀
⠞⠑⠁⠡⠻⠎⠂⠀⠹⠳⠛⠓⠀⠝⠀⠁⠞⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀⠔⠀⠁⠉⠉⠕⠗⠙⠀⠵⠀⠞⠕⠀⠱⠁⠞⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.