Library / Engineering & Technology / How it Works / Braille
How it Works ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition
Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.
Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt
442,668 braille cells · 470 embossed pages at 40×25 · 1,503 unrepresentable characters omitted
⠙⠊⠎⠁⠎⠞⠗⠕⠥⠎⠀⠑⠭⠏⠇⠕⠎⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠕⠝⠀⠗⠑⠉⠕⠗⠙⠀⠞⠕⠕⠅⠀ ⠏⠇⠁⠉⠑⠀⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠗⠑⠙⠉⠁⠗⠀⠠⠊⠗⠕⠝⠀⠠⠺⠕⠗⠅⠎⠂⠀ ⠠⠽⠕⠗⠅⠎⠓⠊⠗⠑⠂⠀⠊⠝⠀⠠⠚⠥⠝⠑⠀⠼⠁⠓⠊⠑⠲⠀⠠⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀ ⠉⠁⠎⠑⠂⠀⠞⠺⠑⠇⠧⠑⠀⠕⠥⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠋⠊⠋⠞⠑⠑⠝⠀⠃⠕⠊⠇⠑⠗⠎⠀ ⠗⠁⠝⠛⠑⠙⠀⠎⠊⠙⠑⠀⠃⠽⠀⠎⠊⠙⠑⠀⠃⠥⠗⠎⠞⠂⠀⠞⠓⠗⠕⠥⠛⠓⠀⠕⠝⠑⠀ ⠏⠗⠕⠧⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠕⠕⠀⠺⠑⠁⠅⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀⠺⠕⠗⠅⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀ ⠋⠇⠽⠊⠝⠛⠀⠋⠗⠁⠛⠍⠑⠝⠞⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠃⠕⠊⠇⠑⠗⠂⠀ ⠎⠞⠗⠊⠅⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠊⠙⠑⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠃⠕⠊⠇⠑⠗⠎⠂⠀ ⠑⠭⠏⠇⠕⠙⠑⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠍⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠎⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠙⠁⠍⠁⠛⠑⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀ ⠞⠗⠁⠝⠎⠍⠊⠞⠞⠑⠙⠀⠙⠕⠺⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠇⠊⠝⠑⠲⠀⠠⠞⠺⠑⠝⠞⠽⠀⠍⠑⠝⠀ ⠺⠑⠗⠑⠀⠅⠊⠇⠇⠑⠙⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠊⠝⠚⠥⠗⠑⠙⠆⠀⠺⠓⠊⠇⠑⠀⠍⠁⠎⠎⠑⠎⠀⠕⠋ ⠀⠍⠑⠞⠁⠇⠂⠀⠺⠑⠊⠛⠓⠊⠝⠛⠀⠎⠑⠧⠑⠗⠁⠇⠀⠞⠕⠝⠎⠀⠑⠁⠉⠓⠂⠀⠺⠑⠗⠑ ⠀⠓⠥⠗⠇⠑⠙⠀⠼⠃⠑⠚⠀⠽⠁⠗⠙⠎⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠉⠁⠥⠎⠑⠙⠀ ⠺⠊⠙⠑⠎⠏⠗⠑⠁⠙⠀⠙⠁⠍⠁⠛⠑⠲⠀⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠋⠕⠇⠇⠕⠺⠊⠝⠛⠀⠊⠎⠀ ⠞⠁⠅⠑⠝⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠁⠀⠚⠕⠥⠗⠝⠁⠇⠂⠀⠙⠁⠞⠑⠙⠀⠠⠙⠑⠉⠑⠍⠃⠑⠗⠀ ⠼⠃⠃⠂⠀⠼⠁⠓⠊⠑⠒⠀⠠⠏⠗⠕⠧⠊⠙⠑⠝⠉⠑⠀⠶⠠⠗⠓⠕⠙⠑⠀ ⠠⠊⠎⠇⠁⠝⠙⠶⠲⠤⠤⠠⠁⠀⠗⠑⠉⠑⠝⠞⠀⠏⠗⠕⠏⠓⠑⠉⠽⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠁⠀ ⠃⠕⠊⠇⠑⠗⠀⠺⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠑⠭⠏⠇⠕⠙⠑⠀⠃⠑⠞⠺⠑⠑⠝⠀⠠⠙⠑⠉⠑⠍⠃⠑⠗⠀ ⠼⠁⠋⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠼⠃⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀⠁⠀⠎⠞⠕⠗⠑⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠎⠑⠗⠊⠕⠥⠎⠇⠽⠀ ⠁⠋⠋⠑⠉⠞⠑⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠉⠓⠗⠊⠎⠞⠍⠁⠎⠀⠞⠗⠁⠙⠑⠲⠀⠠⠎⠓⠕⠏⠏⠑⠗⠎ ⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠊⠝⠉⠗⠑⠙⠊⠃⠇⠽⠀⠝⠑⠗⠧⠕⠥⠎⠲⠀⠠⠕⠝⠑⠀⠎⠞⠕⠗⠑⠀ ⠁⠙⠧⠑⠗⠞⠊⠎⠑⠎⠂⠀⠄⠠⠝⠕⠀⠃⠕⠊⠇⠑⠗⠎⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠃⠑⠊⠝⠛⠀⠥⠎⠑⠙⠆ ⠀⠇⠊⠋⠞⠎⠀⠗⠥⠝⠝⠊⠝⠛⠀⠑⠇⠑⠉⠞⠗⠊⠉⠁⠇⠇⠽⠲⠄⠀⠠⠁⠇⠇⠀ ⠎⠞⠕⠗⠑⠎⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠓⠁⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠊⠗⠀⠃⠕⠊⠇⠑⠗⠎⠀⠊⠝⠎⠏⠑⠉⠞⠑⠙⠲ ⠀⠀⠀⠠⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠠⠺⠁⠞⠑⠗⠤⠠⠠⠛⠁⠥⠛⠑⠲⠀⠀⠠⠝⠕⠀⠋⠊⠞⠞⠊⠝⠛⠀
These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.