Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Teaching / Historiallinen lukukirja: Vanha ja Keski-aika / Braille

Historiallinen lukukirja: Vanha ja Keski-aika ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

868,236 braille cells · 951 embossed pages at 40×25 · 35,587 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠠⠍⠥⠥⠞⠁⠍⠁⠞⠀⠊⠞⠅⠊⠧⠞⠀⠚⠁⠀⠧⠁⠇⠊⠞⠞⠊⠧⠁⠞⠂⠀⠞⠕⠊⠎⠑⠞⠀
⠝⠁⠥⠗⠕⠊⠧⠁⠞⠂⠀⠅⠥⠝⠀⠝⠅⠊⠧⠞⠂⠀⠍⠊⠞⠑⠝⠀⠓⠥⠕⠝⠕⠁⠀
⠚⠥⠍⠁⠇⠁⠁⠀⠓⠑⠀⠝⠊⠊⠝⠀⠅⠁⠥⠁⠝⠀⠕⠇⠊⠧⠁⠞⠀⠏⠁⠇⠧⠑⠇⠇⠑⠑⠞⠲
⠀⠠⠅⠥⠝⠀⠅⠥⠧⠁⠀⠎⠊⠞⠑⠝⠀⠓⠊⠝⠁⠞⠞⠊⠊⠝⠀⠞⠁⠝⠎⠅⠁⠇⠁⠊⠎⠞⠑⠝
⠀⠇⠑⠊⠗⠊⠊⠝⠂⠀⠗⠊⠑⠝⠎⠊⠧⠞⠀⠎⠕⠞⠁⠍⠊⠑⠓⠑⠞⠀⠚⠁⠀⠏⠇⠇⠊⠅⠞⠀
⠅⠥⠍⠍⠁⠎⠞⠑⠇⠇⠑⠝⠀⠎⠊⠞⠀⠅⠁⠞⠎⠑⠇⠑⠍⠁⠁⠝⠲⠀⠠⠊⠇⠇⠁⠝⠀
⠞⠥⠇⠇⠑⠎⠎⠁⠀⠅⠕⠅⠕⠥⠞⠥⠊⠧⠁⠞⠀⠗⠥⠕⠁⠝⠇⠁⠊⠞⠞⠁⠚⠁⠞⠀
⠏⠥⠥⠚⠥⠍⠁⠇⠁⠝⠀⠽⠍⠏⠗⠊⠇⠇⠑⠀⠚⠁⠀⠓⠁⠅⠅⠁⠎⠊⠧⠁⠞⠀⠎⠑⠝⠀
⠏⠊⠅⠅⠥⠀⠏⠁⠇⠕⠊⠅⠎⠊⠀⠎⠑⠅⠀⠅⠑⠊⠞⠞⠊⠧⠞⠀⠝⠊⠊⠇⠇⠀⠏⠥⠊⠇⠇⠁
⠀⠊⠇⠇⠁⠇⠇⠊⠎⠑⠝⠲⠀⠠⠎⠧⠁⠝⠞⠑⠧⠊⠞⠊⠝⠀⠞⠑⠍⠏⠏⠑⠇⠊⠀
⠗⠑⠧⠊⠞⠞⠊⠊⠝⠀⠚⠁⠀⠎⠑⠝⠀⠏⠁⠊⠅⠁⠇⠇⠑⠀⠗⠁⠅⠑⠝⠝⠑⠞⠞⠊⠊⠝⠀
⠏⠊⠊⠗⠊⠞⠽⠎⠞⠁⠗⠏⠑⠊⠅⠎⠊⠀⠓⠁⠅⠁⠞⠥⠊⠎⠞⠁⠀⠏⠥⠊⠎⠞⠁⠀
⠅⠗⠊⠎⠞⠊⠇⠇⠊⠝⠑⠝⠀⠅⠊⠗⠅⠅⠕⠲⠀⠀⠠⠞⠁⠝⠎⠅⠁⠇⠁⠊⠝⠑⠝⠀
⠓⠊⠎⠞⠕⠗⠊⠕⠊⠞⠎⠊⠚⠁⠀⠠⠎⠁⠭⠕⠂⠀⠚⠕⠅⠁⠀⠑⠇⠊⠀⠧⠓⠝⠀
⠚⠇⠅⠑⠑⠝⠀⠞⠍⠝⠀⠁⠚⠁⠝⠀⠚⠁⠀⠅⠊⠗⠚⠕⠊⠞⠞⠊⠀⠊⠎⠝⠍⠁⠁⠝⠎⠁⠀
⠧⠁⠝⠓⠑⠍⠍⠁⠝⠀⠓⠊⠎⠞⠕⠗⠊⠁⠝⠂⠀⠕⠝⠀⠍⠽⠎⠅⠊⠝⠀⠅⠥⠧⠁⠊⠇⠇⠥⠞
⠀⠞⠍⠝⠀⠞⠁⠏⠁⠥⠅⠎⠑⠝⠲⠀⠀⠠⠧⠕⠇⠍⠁⠗⠊⠝⠀⠞⠁⠊⠎⠞⠑⠇⠥⠲⠀
⠠⠧⠁⠇⠙⠑⠍⠁⠗⠀⠠⠊⠒⠎⠑⠝⠀⠝⠥⠕⠗⠑⠍⠏⠊⠀⠏⠕⠊⠅⠁⠀
⠠⠧⠁⠇⠙⠑⠍⠁⠗⠀⠠⠠⠊⠊⠀⠠⠎⠑⠊⠑⠗⠀⠶⠠⠧⠕⠊⠞⠞⠕⠅⠥⠝⠊⠝⠛⠁⠎⠶⠀
⠞⠑⠅⠊⠀⠍⠕⠝⠞⠁⠀⠕⠝⠝⠑⠇⠇⠊⠎⠞⠁⠀⠎⠕⠞⠁⠗⠑⠞⠅⠑⠀
⠏⠁⠅⠁⠝⠕⠊⠞⠁⠀⠧⠁⠎⠞⠁⠁⠝⠲⠀⠠⠧⠥⠕⠝⠝⠁⠀⠼⠁⠃⠁⠊⠀
⠏⠥⠗⠚⠑⠓⠞⠊⠀⠓⠝⠀⠓⠽⠧⠊⠝⠀⠧⠁⠗⠥⠎⠞⠑⠞⠥⠇⠇⠁⠂⠀⠼⠁⠂⠃⠚⠚⠀
⠁⠇⠥⠅⠎⠑⠝⠀⠎⠥⠥⠗⠥⠊⠎⠑⠇⠇⠁⠀⠇⠁⠊⠧⠁⠎⠞⠕⠇⠇⠁⠀
⠠⠇⠊⠊⠧⠊⠝⠍⠁⠁⠓⠁⠝⠂⠀⠚⠕⠎⠎⠁⠀⠧⠊⠇⠇⠊⠞⠀⠧⠊⠗⠕⠇⠁⠊⠎⠑⠞⠀
⠁⠎⠥⠊⠧⠁⠞⠆⠀⠓⠝⠞⠀⠎⠑⠥⠗⠁⠎⠊⠀⠠⠇⠥⠝⠙⠊⠝⠀⠁⠗⠅⠅⠊⠏⠊⠊⠎⠏⠁

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.