Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Teaching / Historiallinen lukukirja: Vanha ja Keski-aika / Braille

Historiallinen lukukirja: Vanha ja Keski-aika ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

868,236 braille cells · 951 embossed pages at 40×25 · 35,587 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠠⠅⠑⠊⠎⠁⠗⠊⠀⠕⠇⠊⠀⠝⠽⠞⠀⠅⠥⠊⠞⠑⠝⠅⠊⠝⠀⠎⠁⠁⠧⠥⠞⠞⠁⠝⠥⠞⠀
⠕⠊⠅⠑⠥⠙⠑⠝⠀⠅⠥⠞⠎⠥⠁⠀⠅⠕⠅⠕⠕⠝⠀⠽⠇⠑⠊⠎⠊⠀
⠅⠊⠗⠅⠕⠇⠇⠊⠎⠅⠕⠅⠕⠥⠅⠎⠊⠁⠀⠚⠁⠀⠎⠊⠞⠑⠝⠀⠚⠕⠓⠞⠁⠁⠀
⠅⠊⠗⠅⠕⠝⠀⠞⠗⠅⠑⠊⠍⠏⠊⠀⠁⠎⠊⠕⠊⠞⠁⠲⠀⠠⠧⠊⠊⠍⠑⠊⠎⠑⠞⠀
⠊⠅⠧⠥⠕⠞⠑⠝⠎⠁⠀⠞⠕⠊⠍⠊⠎⠅⠑⠇⠊⠀⠠⠅⠕⠝⠎⠞⠁⠝⠞⠊⠝⠥⠎⠀
⠗⠁⠅⠑⠝⠝⠥⠎⠏⠥⠥⠓⠊⠎⠎⠁⠂⠀⠇⠁⠁⠚⠑⠝⠞⠁⠑⠝⠀⠧⠁⠝⠓⠁⠁⠀
⠠⠃⠽⠵⠁⠝⠞⠊⠕⠝⠊⠁⠀⠅⠕⠅⠕⠀⠧⠁⠇⠞⠁⠅⠥⠝⠝⠁⠝⠀⠥⠥⠙⠑⠅⠎⠊⠀
⠅⠗⠊⠎⠞⠊⠞⠽⠅⠎⠊⠀⠏⠅⠁⠥⠏⠥⠝⠛⠊⠅⠎⠊⠲⠀⠠⠅⠗⠑⠊⠅⠁⠝⠍⠁⠁⠝⠀
⠚⠁⠀⠠⠊⠞⠁⠇⠊⠁⠝⠀⠅⠁⠥⠏⠥⠝⠛⠑⠊⠎⠞⠁⠀⠅⠥⠇⠚⠑⠞⠑⠞⠞⠊⠊⠝⠀
⠎⠊⠝⠝⠑⠀⠅⠁⠇⠇⠑⠊⠞⠁⠀⠞⠁⠊⠙⠑⠞⠑⠕⠅⠎⠊⠁⠀⠚⠁⠀
⠥⠥⠙⠊⠎⠞⠑⠞⠞⠥⠀⠅⠁⠥⠏⠥⠝⠅⠊⠀⠎⠁⠊⠀⠅⠕⠓⠞⠁⠅⠊⠝⠀
⠥⠥⠙⠊⠎⠞⠁⠚⠁⠝⠎⠁⠀⠍⠥⠅⠁⠁⠝⠀
⠠⠅⠕⠝⠎⠞⠁⠝⠞⠊⠝⠕⠏⠕⠇⠊⠤⠝⠊⠍⠑⠝⠲⠀⠠⠏⠊⠁⠝⠀⠊⠇⠍⠑⠎⠞⠽⠊⠀
⠎⠊⠝⠝⠑⠀⠍⠕⠝⠞⠁⠀⠅⠕⠍⠑⠁⠁⠀⠅⠊⠗⠅⠅⠕⠁⠀⠚⠁⠀⠎⠥⠥⠗⠊⠀
⠅⠑⠊⠎⠁⠗⠊⠇⠇⠊⠝⠑⠝⠀⠏⠁⠇⠁⠞⠎⠊⠲⠀⠀⠀⠠⠚⠥⠇⠊⠁⠝⠥⠎⠀⠚⠁⠀
⠠⠞⠑⠕⠙⠕⠎⠊⠥⠎⠲⠀⠀⠠⠅⠕⠝⠎⠞⠁⠝⠞⠊⠝⠥⠅⠎⠑⠝⠀⠅⠕⠇⠍⠑⠀
⠏⠕⠊⠅⠁⠁⠀⠠⠅⠕⠝⠎⠞⠁⠝⠞⠊⠝⠥⠎⠂⠀⠠⠅⠕⠝⠎⠞⠁⠝⠞⠊⠥⠎⠀⠚⠁⠀
⠠⠅⠕⠝⠎⠞⠁⠝⠎⠂⠀⠚⠕⠞⠅⠁⠀⠊⠎⠝⠎⠀⠅⠥⠕⠇⠑⠍⠁⠝⠀⠚⠇⠅⠑⠑⠝⠀
⠚⠁⠅⠕⠊⠧⠁⠞⠀⠅⠑⠎⠅⠑⠝⠝⠎⠀⠧⠁⠇⠞⠁⠅⠥⠝⠝⠁⠝⠂⠀⠕⠇⠊⠧⠁⠞⠀
⠓⠥⠕⠍⠁⠞⠞⠁⠧⠁⠞⠀⠁⠊⠝⠕⠁⠎⠞⠁⠁⠝⠀⠽⠇⠑⠇⠇⠊⠎⠽⠽⠙⠑⠎⠞⠝⠂⠀
⠏⠑⠞⠕⠇⠇⠊⠎⠥⠥⠙⠑⠎⠞⠁⠁⠝⠀⠚⠁⠀⠊⠇⠅⠑⠽⠙⠑⠎⠞⠝⠲⠀⠠⠓⠑⠞⠊⠀
⠓⠁⠇⠇⠊⠞⠥⠅⠎⠑⠝⠎⠁⠀⠁⠇⠥⠎⠎⠁⠀⠎⠥⠗⠍⠁⠥⠞⠞⠊⠧⠁⠞⠀⠓⠑⠀
⠅⠁⠊⠅⠅⠊⠀⠎⠥⠅⠥⠇⠁⠊⠎⠑⠝⠎⠁⠂⠀⠏⠁⠊⠞⠎⠊⠀⠅⠁⠓⠞⠁⠀
⠧⠑⠇⠚⠑⠎⠞⠀⠠⠛⠁⠇⠇⠥⠎⠞⠁⠀⠚⠁⠀⠠⠚⠥⠇⠊⠁⠝⠥⠎⠞⠁⠂⠀⠚⠕⠞⠅⠁⠀
⠎⠎⠞⠑⠞⠞⠊⠊⠝⠀⠝⠥⠕⠗⠥⠥⠞⠑⠝⠎⠁⠀⠞⠓⠙⠑⠝⠲⠀⠠⠚⠥⠇⠊⠁⠝⠥⠎⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.