Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Teaching / Historiallinen lukukirja: Vanha ja Keski-aika / Braille

Historiallinen lukukirja: Vanha ja Keski-aika ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

868,236 braille cells · 951 embossed pages at 40×25 · 35,587 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠎⠊⠇⠽⠞⠑⠞⠞⠊⠊⠝⠀⠧⠁⠝⠓⠕⠚⠁⠀⠅⠥⠝⠊⠝⠅⠁⠁⠝⠀⠧⠁⠥⠝⠥⠚⠁⠂⠀
⠚⠕⠊⠙⠑⠝⠀⠁⠊⠎⠁⠁⠝⠀⠊⠑⠎⠀⠕⠇⠊⠀⠅⠊⠊⠝⠝⠊⠞⠑⠞⠞⠽⠀⠓⠽⠧⠊⠝⠀
⠍⠥⠞⠅⠊⠅⠅⠁⠁⠇⠇⠁⠀⠎⠕⠇⠍⠥⠇⠇⠁⠲⠀⠠⠧⠁⠝⠓⠁⠀⠞⠁⠗⠊⠝⠁⠀
⠅⠑⠗⠞⠕⠊⠂⠀⠑⠞⠞⠀⠅⠑⠝⠀⠁⠥⠅⠁⠎⠊⠀⠎⠕⠇⠍⠥⠝⠂⠀⠕⠇⠊⠀⠏⠎⠑⠧⠀
⠠⠁⠁⠎⠊⠁⠝⠀⠓⠑⠗⠗⠁⠅⠎⠊⠲⠀⠠⠁⠇⠑⠅⠎⠁⠝⠙⠑⠗⠀⠎⠊⠧⠁⠇⠎⠊⠀
⠍⠊⠑⠅⠅⠁⠝⠎⠁⠀⠚⠁⠀⠇⠑⠊⠅⠅⠁⠎⠊⠀⠽⠓⠙⠑⠇⠇⠀⠊⠎⠅⠥⠇⠇⠁⠀
⠎⠕⠇⠍⠥⠝⠀⠗⠊⠅⠅⠊⠂⠀⠎⠁⠝⠕⠑⠝⠒⠀⠠⠍⠊⠇⠇⠀⠞⠁⠧⠁⠇⠇⠁⠀⠎⠑⠀
⠁⠥⠁⠊⠎⠞⠁⠁⠝⠂⠀⠑⠊⠀⠍⠑⠗⠅⠊⠞⠎⠑⠀⠍⠊⠞⠝⠲⠀⠀⠠⠞⠁⠗⠎⠕⠎⠎⠁⠀
⠅⠝⠞⠽⠊⠀⠠⠁⠇⠑⠅⠎⠁⠝⠙⠑⠗⠀⠅⠕⠧⠊⠝⠀⠎⠁⠊⠗⠁⠁⠅⠎⠊⠂⠀⠅⠥⠝⠀
⠕⠇⠊⠀⠧⠁⠗⠕⠍⠁⠞⠞⠕⠍⠁⠎⠞⠊⠀⠥⠊⠝⠥⠞⠀⠠⠅⠽⠙⠝⠕⠎⠤⠚⠕⠑⠎⠎⠁⠲
⠀⠠⠇⠅⠗⠊⠀⠠⠋⠊⠇⠊⠏⠏⠕⠎⠀⠕⠇⠊⠀⠞⠑⠓⠝⠽⠞⠀⠇⠅⠑⠚⠥⠕⠍⠁⠝⠲⠀
⠠⠎⠊⠇⠇⠕⠊⠝⠀⠞⠥⠕⠞⠊⠊⠝⠀⠅⠊⠗⠚⠑⠀⠥⠎⠅⠕⠇⠇⠊⠎⠑⠇⠞⠁⠀
⠏⠇⠇⠊⠅⠇⠞⠀⠠⠏⠁⠗⠍⠑⠝⠊⠕⠝⠊⠇⠞⠁⠂⠀⠚⠕⠅⠁⠀⠅⠊⠗⠚⠕⠊⠞⠞⠊⠒⠀
⠇⠀⠇⠥⠕⠞⠁⠀⠠⠋⠊⠇⠊⠏⠏⠕⠕⠝⠆⠀⠏⠑⠗⠎⠊⠁⠇⠁⠊⠎⠅⠥⠝⠊⠝⠛⠁⠎⠀
⠕⠝⠀⠎⠥⠥⠗⠑⠇⠇⠁⠀⠗⠁⠓⠁⠎⠥⠍⠍⠁⠇⠇⠁⠀⠇⠁⠓⠚⠕⠝⠥⠞⠀⠓⠝⠑⠞⠀
⠚⠁⠀⠇⠥⠧⠁⠝⠝⠥⠞⠀⠞⠽⠞⠞⠗⠑⠝⠎⠀⠓⠝⠑⠇⠇⠑⠀⠏⠥⠕⠇⠊⠎⠕⠅⠎⠊⠲⠀
⠠⠍⠥⠞⠞⠁⠀⠅⠥⠝⠀⠠⠋⠊⠇⠊⠏⠏⠕⠎⠀⠇⠑⠧⠕⠇⠇⠊⠎⠑⠎⠞⠊⠀⠁⠎⠞⠥⠊⠀
⠎⠊⠎⠝⠀⠚⠁⠀⠓⠽⠧⠎⠞⠊⠀⠅⠑⠎⠞⠊⠀⠠⠁⠇⠑⠅⠎⠁⠝⠙⠑⠗⠊⠝⠀
⠞⠥⠞⠅⠊⠧⠁⠝⠀⠅⠁⠞⠎⠑⠑⠝⠂⠀⠕⠞⠞⠊⠀⠠⠁⠇⠑⠅⠎⠁⠝⠙⠑⠗⠀
⠞⠕⠊⠎⠑⠇⠇⠁⠀⠅⠙⠑⠇⠇⠝⠀⠏⠊⠅⠁⠗⠊⠝⠀⠚⠁⠀⠞⠽⠓⠚⠑⠝⠎⠊⠀⠎⠑⠝⠂
⠀⠎⠁⠍⠁⠇⠇⠁⠀⠁⠝⠞⠁⠑⠝⠀⠞⠕⠊⠎⠑⠇⠇⠁⠀⠅⠙⠑⠇⠇⠝⠀⠇⠅⠗⠊⠇⠇⠑⠀
⠠⠏⠁⠗⠍⠑⠝⠊⠕⠝⠊⠝⠀⠅⠊⠗⠚⠑⠑⠝⠲⠀⠠⠏⠁⠗⠁⠝⠑⠍⠊⠎⠑⠎⠊⠀
⠧⠁⠏⠁⠥⠞⠞⠁⠁⠀⠍⠊⠝⠥⠞⠂⠀⠎⠁⠝⠕⠊⠀⠇⠅⠗⠊⠂⠀⠚⠁⠀
⠠⠁⠇⠑⠅⠎⠁⠝⠙⠑⠗⠀⠏⠁⠗⠁⠝⠊⠲⠀⠀⠠⠙⠁⠗⠑⠊⠕⠎⠀⠕⠇⠊⠀⠞⠇⠇⠀
⠧⠇⠊⠝⠀⠇⠓⠑⠎⠞⠽⠝⠽⠞⠀⠼⠋⠚⠚⠂⠚⠚⠚⠀⠍⠊⠑⠓⠑⠝⠀⠅⠁⠝⠎⠎⠁⠲⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.