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Library / Philosophy / Are the Effects of Use and Disuse Inherited? / Braille

Are the Effects of Use and Disuse Inherited? ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

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162,217 braille cells · 173 embossed pages at 40×25 · 1,105 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠗⠑⠉⠕⠍⠍⠑⠝⠙⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠥⠝⠙⠑⠗⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠑⠎⠎⠁⠽⠀⠊⠎
⠀⠝⠕⠺⠀⠏⠥⠃⠇⠊⠎⠓⠑⠙⠲⠀⠠⠑⠝⠉⠕⠥⠗⠁⠛⠑⠍⠑⠝⠞⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠠⠍⠗⠲
⠀⠠⠋⠗⠁⠝⠉⠊⠎⠀⠠⠙⠁⠗⠺⠊⠝⠀⠊⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠍⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠕⠗⠑⠀
⠏⠗⠑⠉⠊⠕⠥⠎⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠕⠗⠑⠀⠺⠕⠗⠞⠓⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠛⠗⠁⠞⠑⠋⠥⠇⠀⠗⠑⠉⠕⠛⠝⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠂⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠋⠁⠉⠞⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞
⠀⠍⠽⠀⠛⠑⠝⠑⠗⠁⠇⠀⠉⠕⠝⠉⠇⠥⠎⠊⠕⠝⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠁⠉⠟⠥⠊⠗⠑⠙⠀
⠉⠓⠁⠗⠁⠉⠞⠑⠗⠎⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠊⠝⠓⠑⠗⠊⠞⠑⠙⠀⠊⠎⠀⠁⠞⠀
⠧⠁⠗⠊⠁⠝⠉⠑⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠕⠏⠊⠝⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠗⠑⠧⠑⠗⠑⠙
⠀⠋⠁⠞⠓⠑⠗⠂⠀⠺⠓⠕⠀⠁⠊⠙⠑⠙⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠕⠗⠽⠀⠃⠽⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠗⠑⠞⠑⠝⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠎⠕⠍⠑⠀⠗⠑⠍⠁⠊⠝⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠠⠇⠁⠍⠁⠗⠉⠅⠄⠎⠀⠙⠕⠉⠞⠗⠊⠝⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠊⠝⠓⠑⠗⠊⠞⠑⠙⠀
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⠁⠎⠀⠗⠑⠏⠗⠑⠎⠑⠝⠞⠁⠞⠊⠧⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠀
⠏⠗⠕⠛⠑⠝⠊⠞⠕⠗⠂⠀⠺⠑⠗⠑⠀⠉⠁⠗⠗⠽⠊⠝⠛⠀⠕⠥⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠊⠙⠑⠁⠀
⠕⠋⠀⠁⠝⠀⠁⠏⠏⠗⠑⠉⠊⠁⠞⠊⠧⠑⠀⠑⠙⠊⠞⠕⠗⠀⠺⠓⠕⠀⠺⠗⠊⠞⠑⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀
⠍⠑⠒⠀⠠⠺⠑⠀⠍⠥⠎⠞⠀⠎⠁⠽⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠊⠋⠀⠠⠙⠁⠗⠺⠊⠝⠀⠺⠑⠗⠑⠀
⠎⠞⠊⠇⠇⠀⠁⠇⠊⠧⠑⠂⠀⠓⠑⠀⠺⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠋⠊⠝⠙⠀⠽⠕⠥⠗⠀
⠁⠗⠛⠥⠍⠑⠝⠞⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠀⠺⠑⠊⠛⠓⠞⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀
⠥⠝⠙⠕⠥⠃⠞⠑⠙⠇⠽⠀⠺⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠛⠊⠧⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠍⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠎⠑⠗⠊⠕⠥⠎⠀⠉⠕⠝⠎⠊⠙⠑⠗⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠞⠓⠑⠽⠀
⠙⠑⠎⠑⠗⠧⠑⠲⠀⠠⠊⠀⠓⠕⠏⠑⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠝⠂⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠠⠊⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠃⠑⠀
⠁⠉⠟⠥⠊⠞⠞⠑⠙⠀⠕⠋⠀⠥⠝⠙⠥⠑⠀⠏⠗⠑⠎⠥⠍⠏⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠊⠝⠀
⠕⠏⠏⠕⠎⠊⠝⠛⠀⠁⠀⠧⠊⠑⠺⠀⠎⠁⠝⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠑⠙⠀⠃⠽⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠁⠥⠞⠓⠕⠗
⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠕⠗⠊⠛⠊⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠎⠏⠑⠉⠊⠑⠎⠂⠀⠃⠥⠞⠀⠁⠇⠗⠑⠁⠙⠽
⠀⠎⠞⠕⠥⠞⠇⠽⠀⠟⠥⠑⠎⠞⠊⠕⠝⠑⠙⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠋⠊⠗⠍⠇⠽⠀⠗⠑⠚⠑⠉⠞⠑⠙⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.