Skip to content

Library / Philosophy / Are the Effects of Use and Disuse Inherited? / Braille

Are the Effects of Use and Disuse Inherited? ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

162,217 braille cells · 173 embossed pages at 40×25 · 1,105 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠀⠎⠞⠁⠞⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠊⠝⠛⠎⠀⠃⠑⠊⠝⠛⠂⠀⠁⠎⠀⠓⠑⠀⠅⠝⠕⠺⠎⠀⠕⠗⠀
⠕⠥⠛⠓⠞⠀⠞⠕⠀⠅⠝⠕⠺⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠊⠝⠝⠁⠞⠑⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀
⠉⠕⠝⠎⠞⠊⠞⠥⠞⠊⠕⠝⠁⠇⠇⠽⠤⠋⠊⠭⠑⠙⠀⠊⠍⠏⠗⠕⠧⠑⠍⠑⠝⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠗⠁⠉⠑⠀⠁⠎⠀⠁⠀⠺⠓⠕⠇⠑⠲⠀⠠⠊⠋⠀⠁⠉⠟⠥⠊⠗⠑⠙⠀
⠍⠕⠙⠊⠋⠊⠉⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠊⠍⠏⠗⠑⠎⠎⠑⠙⠀⠕⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠕⠋⠋⠎⠏⠗⠊⠝⠛⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠕⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠗⠁⠉⠑⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠎⠽⠎⠞⠑⠍⠁⠞⠊⠉⠀⠍⠕⠗⠁⠇⠀⠞⠗⠁⠊⠝⠊⠝⠛⠀⠕⠋⠀⠊⠝⠙⠊⠧⠊⠙⠥⠁⠇⠎
⠀⠺⠊⠇⠇⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠊⠍⠑⠀⠏⠗⠕⠙⠥⠉⠑⠀⠁⠀⠉⠕⠝⠎⠞⠊⠞⠥⠞⠊⠕⠝⠁⠇⠇⠽
⠀⠍⠕⠗⠁⠇⠀⠗⠁⠉⠑⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠺⠑⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠓⠕⠏⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠊⠍⠏⠗⠕⠧⠑⠀
⠍⠁⠝⠅⠊⠝⠙⠀⠑⠧⠑⠝⠀⠊⠝⠀⠙⠑⠋⠊⠁⠝⠉⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠥⠝⠝⠁⠞⠥⠗⠁⠇⠀⠎⠑⠇⠑⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠃⠽⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠁⠀⠎⠏⠥⠗⠊⠕⠥⠎⠀
⠃⠥⠞⠀⠓⠊⠛⠓⠇⠽⠀⠏⠕⠏⠥⠇⠁⠗⠀⠏⠓⠊⠇⠁⠝⠞⠓⠗⠕⠏⠽⠀⠺⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀
⠎⠽⠎⠞⠑⠍⠁⠞⠊⠉⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀⠋⠁⠧⠕⠥⠗⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠥⠗⠧⠊⠧⠁⠇⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠥⠝⠋⠊⠞⠞⠑⠎⠞⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠗⠁⠏⠊⠙⠀
⠍⠥⠇⠞⠊⠏⠇⠊⠉⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠺⠕⠗⠎⠞⠲⠀⠠⠃⠥⠞⠀⠊⠋⠀
⠁⠉⠟⠥⠊⠗⠑⠙⠀⠍⠕⠙⠊⠋⠊⠉⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠙⠕⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠞⠑⠝⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠃⠑
⠀⠞⠗⠁⠝⠎⠍⠊⠞⠞⠑⠙⠂⠀⠊⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠥⠎⠑⠀⠕⠗⠀⠙⠊⠎⠥⠎⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠕⠗⠛⠁⠝⠎⠀⠕⠗⠀⠋⠁⠉⠥⠇⠞⠊⠑⠎⠀⠙⠕⠑⠎⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠎⠊⠍⠊⠇⠁⠗⠇⠽⠀
⠁⠋⠋⠑⠉⠞⠀⠏⠕⠎⠞⠑⠗⠊⠞⠽⠀⠃⠽⠀⠊⠝⠓⠑⠗⠊⠞⠁⠝⠉⠑⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠝⠀⠊⠞
⠀⠊⠎⠀⠑⠧⠊⠙⠑⠝⠞⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠝⠕⠀⠊⠝⠝⠁⠞⠑⠀⠊⠍⠏⠗⠕⠧⠑⠍⠑⠝⠞⠀
⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠗⠁⠉⠑⠀⠉⠁⠝⠀⠞⠁⠅⠑⠀⠏⠇⠁⠉⠑⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠕⠥⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠁⠊⠙⠀⠕⠋⠀⠝⠁⠞⠥⠗⠁⠇⠀⠕⠗⠀⠁⠗⠞⠊⠋⠊⠉⠊⠁⠇⠀⠎⠑⠇⠑⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠲⠀
⠠⠓⠑⠗⠃⠑⠗⠞⠀⠠⠎⠏⠑⠝⠉⠑⠗⠀⠍⠁⠊⠝⠞⠁⠊⠝⠎⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠑⠋⠋⠑⠉⠞⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠥⠎⠑⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠙⠊⠎⠥⠎⠑⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠊⠝⠓⠑⠗⠊⠞⠑⠙⠀
⠊⠝⠀⠅⠊⠝⠙⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠠⠋⠁⠉⠞⠕⠗⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠕⠗⠛⠁⠝⠊⠉

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.