Library / Mathematics / The Earliest Arithmetics in English / Braille
The Earliest Arithmetics in English ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition
Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.
Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt
264,055 braille cells · 278 embossed pages at 40×25 · 19,564 unrepresentable characters omitted
⠇⠑⠝⠑⠀⠕⠗⠀⠎⠏⠁⠗⠑⠲⠀⠠⠑⠗⠛⠕⠼⠙⠀⠓⠕⠺⠀⠺⠕⠇⠙⠑⠎⠞⠀⠕⠥⠀ ⠙⠕⠲⠀⠠⠉⠑⠗⠞⠁⠽⠀⠥⠎⠀⠍⠕⠎⠞⠀⠕⠥⠀⠙⠕⠂⠀⠕⠥⠀⠍⠕⠎⠞⠀⠃⠕⠗⠕⠺ ⠀⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠑⠀⠝⠑⠭⠞⠀⠋⠊⠛⠥⠗⠑⠀⠎⠊⠛⠝⠊⠋⠊⠉⠁⠞⠽⠋⠀⠊⠝⠀⠁⠞⠀ ⠗⠑⠺⠑⠂⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠊⠎⠀⠉⠁⠎⠑⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠓⠁⠏⠏⠑⠂⠀⠃⠥⠞⠀⠽⠋⠀ ⠑⠗⠑⠀⠉⠕⠍⠑⠀⠋⠊⠛⠥⠗⠑⠎⠀⠎⠊⠛⠝⠊⠋⠊⠉⠁⠞⠽⠋⠀⠁⠋⠞⠑⠗⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀ ⠉⠊⠋⠑⠗⠎⠲⠀⠠⠺⠓⠁⠝⠀⠕⠥⠀⠓⠁⠎⠞⠀⠃⠕⠗⠕⠺⠑⠙⠑⠀⠁⠞⠀⠼⠁⠀⠕⠋⠀ ⠞⠓⠑⠀⠝⠑⠭⠞⠀⠋⠊⠛⠥⠗⠑⠀⠎⠊⠛⠝⠊⠋⠊⠉⠁⠞⠽⠋⠂⠀⠎⠑⠞⠞⠀⠁⠞⠀⠕⠝ ⠀⠕⠥⠑⠗⠀⠑⠀⠓⠑⠙⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠞⠀⠋⠊⠛⠥⠗⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠑⠀⠟⠥⠽⠉⠓⠀⠕⠥⠀ ⠺⠕⠇⠙⠀⠓⠁⠥⠑⠀⠙⠗⠁⠺⠀⠑⠀⠝⠑⠑⠗⠀⠋⠊⠛⠥⠗⠑⠀⠕⠥⠞⠀⠽⠋⠀⠕⠥⠀ ⠓⠁⠙⠑⠎⠞⠀⠍⠽⠞⠂⠀⠀⠗⠑⠅⠑⠝⠀⠊⠞⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠞⠑⠝⠀⠁⠎⠀⠕⠥⠀ ⠙⠊⠙⠙⠑⠎⠞⠀⠊⠝⠀⠑⠀⠕⠑⠗⠀⠉⠁⠎⠑⠀⠓⠑⠗⠑⠤⠁⠤⠋⠕⠗⠑⠲⠀⠠⠺⠓⠁⠀ ⠕⠥⠀⠓⠁⠎⠞⠀⠥⠎⠀⠽⠤⠙⠕⠀⠇⠕⠅⠑⠀⠓⠕⠺⠀⠍⠕⠝⠽⠀⠉⠊⠋⠑⠗⠎⠀⠑⠗⠑ ⠀⠺⠑⠗⠑⠀⠃⠽⠑⠤⠞⠺⠑⠝⠑⠀⠁⠞⠀⠋⠊⠛⠥⠗⠑⠀⠎⠊⠛⠝⠊⠋⠊⠉⠁⠞⠽⠋⠂⠀ ⠑⠀⠋⠊⠛⠥⠗⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠑⠀⠟⠥⠽⠉⠓⠀⠕⠥⠀⠺⠕⠇⠙⠑⠎⠞⠀⠓⠁⠥⠑⠀ ⠽⠤⠙⠗⠁⠺⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠔⠔⠇⠑⠁⠋⠀⠼⠁⠙⠑⠰⠁⠀⠝⠑⠑⠗⠀⠋⠊⠛⠥⠗⠑⠂⠀ ⠁⠝⠙⠀⠕⠋⠀⠑⠥⠑⠗⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀⠑⠀⠽⠇⠅⠑⠀⠉⠊⠋⠑⠗⠎⠀⠍⠁⠅⠑⠀⠁⠀ ⠋⠊⠛⠥⠗⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠼⠊⠲⠀⠇⠕⠀⠁⠝⠀⠠⠑⠝⠎⠁⠍⠏⠥⠇⠇⠑⠀⠁⠋⠞⠑⠗⠲⠀⠀ ⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠀⠀⠀⠼⠙⠚⠚⠚⠃⠀⠀⠀⠼⠁⠚⠚⠚⠙⠀⠀⠀⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠀⠀⠠⠞⠁⠅⠑⠀ ⠼⠙⠀⠕⠥⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠼⠃⠲⠀⠊⠞⠀⠺⠑⠇⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠃⠑⠲⠀⠃⠕⠗⠕⠺⠀⠼⠁⠀ ⠕⠥⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠃⠑⠀⠝⠑⠭⠞⠀⠋⠊⠛⠥⠗⠑⠀⠎⠊⠛⠝⠊⠋⠊⠉⠁⠞⠽⠋⠂⠀⠑⠀ ⠟⠥⠽⠉⠓⠀⠊⠎⠀⠼⠙⠂⠀⠀⠑⠝⠀⠇⠑⠥⠑⠎⠀⠼⠉⠲⠀⠙⠕⠀⠁⠺⠁⠽⠀⠁⠞⠀ ⠋⠊⠛⠥⠗⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠼⠙⠀⠀⠺⠗⠊⠞⠑⠀⠑⠗⠑⠀⠼⠉⠲⠀⠀⠎⠑⠞⠞⠀⠁⠞⠀⠼⠁⠀ ⠧⠏⠏⠕⠝⠀⠑⠀⠋⠊⠛⠥⠗⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠼⠃⠀⠓⠑⠙⠑⠂⠀⠀⠁⠝⠀⠞⠁⠅⠑⠀⠼⠙⠀ ⠕⠥⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠑⠝⠂⠀⠀⠁⠝⠀⠑⠗⠑⠀⠇⠑⠥⠑⠎⠀⠼⠋⠲⠀⠠⠉⠁⠎⠞⠀⠼⠋⠀ ⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠋⠊⠛⠥⠗⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠼⠃⠂⠀⠁⠞⠀⠺⠕⠇⠀⠃⠑⠀⠼⠓⠲⠀⠙⠕⠀
These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.