Library / Engineering & Technology / The American Type of Isthmian Canal / Braille
The American Type of Isthmian Canal ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition
Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.
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118,282 braille cells · 126 embossed pages at 40×25 · 220 unrepresentable characters omitted
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠇⠕⠉⠅⠤⠇⠑⠧⠑⠇⠀⠞⠽⠏⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠉⠁⠝⠁⠇⠂⠀⠃⠥⠊⠇⠞⠀⠃⠽⠀ ⠠⠁⠍⠑⠗⠊⠉⠁⠝⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠑⠝⠛⠊⠝⠑⠑⠗⠎⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠥⠝⠙⠑⠗⠀ ⠠⠁⠍⠑⠗⠊⠉⠁⠝⠀⠎⠥⠏⠑⠗⠧⠊⠎⠊⠕⠝⠂⠀⠉⠕⠝⠉⠇⠥⠙⠊⠝⠛⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀ ⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠋⠕⠇⠇⠕⠺⠊⠝⠛⠀⠺⠕⠗⠙⠎⠂⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠙⠑⠎⠑⠗⠧⠑⠀ ⠞⠕⠀⠃⠑⠀⠗⠑⠉⠁⠇⠇⠑⠙⠀⠕⠝⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠍⠑⠍⠕⠗⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠕⠉⠉⠁⠎⠊⠕⠝⠀⠁⠎⠀⠁⠀⠞⠗⠊⠃⠥⠞⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠝⠁⠞⠊⠧⠑⠀ ⠛⠑⠝⠊⠥⠎⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠑⠝⠞⠑⠗⠏⠗⠊⠎⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠠⠁⠍⠑⠗⠊⠉⠁⠝⠀⠏⠑⠕⠏⠇⠑⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠊⠀⠁⠍⠀⠑⠝⠞⠊⠗⠑⠇⠽⠀ ⠉⠕⠝⠧⠊⠝⠉⠑⠙⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠚⠥⠙⠛⠍⠑⠝⠞⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀ ⠑⠭⠏⠑⠗⠊⠑⠝⠉⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠁⠍⠑⠗⠊⠉⠁⠝⠀⠑⠝⠛⠊⠝⠑⠑⠗⠎⠀ ⠊⠝⠀⠋⠁⠧⠕⠗⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠀⠇⠕⠉⠅⠀⠉⠁⠝⠁⠇⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠃⠑⠀⠗⠑⠇⠊⠑⠙⠀ ⠥⠏⠕⠝⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠑⠝⠞⠊⠗⠑⠀⠉⠕⠝⠋⠊⠙⠑⠝⠉⠑⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀ ⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠎⠥⠉⠓⠀⠁⠝⠀⠑⠝⠞⠑⠗⠏⠗⠊⠎⠑⠀⠺⠊⠇⠇⠀⠃⠑⠀⠃⠗⠕⠥⠛⠓⠞⠀ ⠞⠕⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠎⠥⠉⠉⠑⠎⠎⠋⠥⠇⠀⠞⠑⠗⠍⠊⠝⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠲⠀⠠⠊⠀ ⠃⠑⠇⠊⠑⠧⠑⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠊⠝⠀⠁⠀⠝⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠁⠇⠀⠥⠝⠙⠑⠗⠞⠁⠅⠊⠝⠛⠀ ⠕⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠅⠊⠝⠙⠂⠀⠋⠗⠁⠥⠛⠓⠞⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀ ⠛⠗⠁⠧⠑⠎⠞⠀⠏⠕⠎⠎⠊⠃⠇⠑⠀⠏⠕⠇⠊⠞⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠉⠕⠍⠍⠑⠗⠉⠊⠁⠇⠀⠉⠕⠝⠎⠑⠟⠥⠑⠝⠉⠑⠎⠂⠀⠕⠝⠇⠽⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀ ⠚⠥⠙⠛⠍⠑⠝⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠕⠥⠗⠀⠕⠺⠝⠀⠏⠑⠕⠏⠇⠑⠀⠎⠓⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠛⠕⠧⠑⠗⠝⠂⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠗⠕⠞⠑⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠕⠥⠗⠀⠕⠺⠝⠀ ⠊⠝⠞⠑⠗⠑⠎⠞⠎⠂⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠏⠗⠊⠍⠁⠗⠊⠇⠽⠀⠁⠞⠀ ⠎⠞⠁⠅⠑⠲⠀⠠⠊⠀⠁⠇⠎⠕⠀⠏⠗⠑⠋⠑⠗⠀⠞⠕⠀⠁⠉⠉⠑⠏⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠧⠊⠑⠺ ⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠕⠝⠧⠊⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠑⠍⠃⠑⠗⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀ ⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠊⠎⠞⠓⠍⠊⠁⠝⠀⠠⠉⠕⠍⠍⠊⠎⠎⠊⠕⠝⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠕⠋⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀⠀⠀ ⠉⠓⠊⠑⠋⠀⠑⠝⠛⠊⠝⠑⠑⠗⠂⠀⠁⠀⠍⠁⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠑⠭⠞⠗⠁⠕⠗⠙⠊⠝⠁⠗⠽⠀
These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.