Library / Teaching / Essays on Various Subjects / Braille
Essays on Various Subjects ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition
Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.
Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt
160,758 braille cells · 171 embossed pages at 40×25 · 123 unrepresentable characters omitted
⠝⠕⠝⠑⠀⠃⠥⠞⠀⠑⠭⠞⠑⠗⠊⠕⠗⠀⠛⠗⠁⠉⠑⠎⠂⠀⠊⠝⠀⠉⠥⠇⠞⠊⠧⠁⠞⠊⠝⠛ ⠀⠕⠝⠇⠽⠀⠏⠑⠗⠎⠕⠝⠁⠇⠀⠁⠞⠞⠗⠁⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀ ⠞⠗⠽⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠕⠀⠇⠊⠛⠓⠞⠑⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠊⠝⠞⠕⠇⠑⠗⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠃⠥⠗⠙⠑⠝ ⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠊⠍⠑⠂⠀⠃⠽⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠕⠎⠞⠀⠋⠗⠊⠧⠕⠇⠕⠥⠎⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠧⠁⠊⠝ ⠀⠁⠍⠥⠎⠑⠍⠑⠝⠞⠎⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠽⠀⠁⠉⠞⠀⠊⠝⠀⠉⠕⠝⠎⠑⠟⠥⠑⠝⠉⠑⠀⠕⠋ ⠀⠞⠓⠑⠊⠗⠀⠕⠺⠝⠀⠃⠇⠊⠝⠙⠀⠃⠑⠇⠊⠑⠋⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠞⠽⠗⠁⠝⠝⠽ ⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠊⠗⠀⠙⠑⠎⠏⠕⠞⠊⠉⠀⠍⠁⠎⠞⠑⠗⠎⠆⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠞⠓⠑⠽⠀ ⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠝⠑⠊⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠋⠗⠑⠑⠙⠕⠍⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠀⠏⠗⠑⠎⠑⠝⠞⠀ ⠉⠓⠕⠊⠉⠑⠂⠀⠝⠕⠗⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠗⠕⠎⠏⠑⠉⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠀⠋⠥⠞⠥⠗⠑⠀ ⠃⠑⠊⠝⠛⠲⠀⠀⠠⠠⠃⠥⠞⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠇⠁⠝⠙⠀⠕⠋⠀⠉⠊⠧⠊⠇⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀ ⠗⠑⠇⠊⠛⠊⠕⠥⠎⠀⠇⠊⠃⠑⠗⠞⠽⠂⠀⠺⠓⠑⠗⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠗⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀⠁⠎⠀ ⠇⠊⠞⠞⠇⠑⠀⠙⠑⠎⠏⠕⠞⠊⠎⠍⠀⠑⠭⠑⠗⠉⠊⠎⠑⠙⠀⠕⠧⠑⠗⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀ ⠍⠊⠝⠙⠎⠂⠀⠁⠎⠀⠕⠧⠑⠗⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠑⠗⠎⠕⠝⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠺⠕⠍⠑⠝⠂⠀ ⠞⠓⠑⠽⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠑⠧⠑⠗⠽⠀⠇⠊⠃⠑⠗⠞⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀⠉⠓⠕⠊⠉⠑⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀ ⠑⠧⠑⠗⠽⠀⠕⠏⠏⠕⠗⠞⠥⠝⠊⠞⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀⠊⠍⠏⠗⠕⠧⠑⠍⠑⠝⠞⠆⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀ ⠓⠕⠺⠀⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠇⠽⠀⠙⠕⠑⠎⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠊⠝⠉⠗⠑⠁⠎⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠊⠗⠀ ⠕⠃⠇⠊⠛⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠞⠕⠀⠃⠑⠀⠑⠭⠑⠍⠏⠇⠁⠗⠽⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠊⠗⠀ ⠛⠑⠝⠑⠗⠁⠇⠀⠉⠕⠝⠙⠥⠉⠞⠂⠀⠁⠞⠞⠑⠝⠞⠊⠧⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀ ⠛⠕⠧⠑⠗⠝⠍⠑⠝⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠊⠗⠀⠋⠁⠍⠊⠇⠊⠑⠎⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀ ⠊⠝⠎⠞⠗⠥⠍⠑⠝⠞⠁⠇⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠛⠕⠕⠙⠀⠕⠗⠙⠑⠗⠀⠕⠋⠀ ⠎⠕⠉⠊⠑⠞⠽⠖⠀⠀⠠⠠⠎⠓⠑⠀⠺⠓⠕⠀⠊⠎⠀⠁⠞⠀⠁⠀⠇⠕⠎⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠋⠊⠝⠙ ⠀⠁⠍⠥⠎⠑⠍⠑⠝⠞⠎⠀⠁⠞⠀⠓⠕⠍⠑⠂⠀⠉⠁⠝⠀⠝⠕⠀⠇⠕⠝⠛⠑⠗⠀ ⠁⠏⠕⠇⠕⠛⠊⠵⠑⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠓⠑⠗⠀⠙⠊⠎⠎⠊⠏⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠁⠃⠗⠕⠁⠙⠂⠀⠃⠽ ⠀⠎⠁⠽⠊⠝⠛⠀⠎⠓⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀⠙⠑⠏⠗⠊⠧⠑⠙⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠃⠑⠝⠑⠋⠊⠞⠀ ⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠇⠑⠁⠎⠥⠗⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠃⠕⠕⠅⠎⠆⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠎⠓⠑⠀⠺⠓⠕⠀
These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.