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Library / Philosophy / The principles of science / Braille

The principles of science ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

1,845,792 braille cells · 1,953 embossed pages at 40×25 · 7,089 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠃⠠⠞⠗⠁⠝⠎⠉⠗⠊⠃⠑⠗⠄⠎⠀⠝⠕⠞⠑⠎⠸⠌⠃⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠞⠑⠭⠞⠀
⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠃⠕⠕⠅⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠃⠑⠑⠝⠀⠏⠗⠑⠎⠑⠗⠧⠑⠙⠀⠁⠎⠀
⠉⠇⠕⠎⠑⠇⠽⠀⠁⠎⠀⠏⠗⠁⠉⠞⠊⠉⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠀⠞⠕⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀⠕⠗⠊⠛⠊⠝⠁⠇⠀
⠋⠕⠗⠍⠲⠀⠠⠓⠕⠺⠑⠧⠑⠗⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠁⠥⠞⠓⠕⠗⠀⠥⠎⠑⠙⠀⠎⠕⠍⠑⠀
⠥⠝⠥⠎⠥⠁⠇⠀⠎⠽⠍⠃⠕⠇⠎⠂⠀⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠠⠊⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠞⠁⠅⠑⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠇⠊⠃⠑⠗⠞⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀⠥⠎⠊⠝⠛⠀⠠⠥⠝⠊⠉⠕⠙⠑⠀⠉⠓⠁⠗⠁⠉⠞⠑⠗⠎⠀
⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠎⠊⠍⠊⠇⠁⠗⠀⠀⠁⠏⠏⠑⠁⠗⠁⠝⠉⠑⠀⠶⠀⠶⠀⠁⠎⠀
⠎⠥⠃⠎⠞⠊⠞⠥⠞⠑⠎⠂⠀⠙⠊⠎⠗⠑⠛⠁⠗⠙⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠓⠑⠊⠗⠀⠕⠋⠋⠊⠉⠊⠁⠇
⠀⠍⠑⠁⠝⠊⠝⠛⠀⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠁⠺⠁⠗⠑⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠽⠀⠍⠊⠛⠓⠞⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀
⠙⠊⠎⠏⠇⠁⠽⠀⠕⠝⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀⠙⠑⠧⠊⠉⠑⠎⠲⠀⠠⠁⠝⠀⠁⠗⠉⠓⠁⠊⠉⠀
⠎⠽⠍⠃⠕⠇⠀⠀⠥⠎⠑⠙⠀⠃⠽⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠁⠥⠞⠓⠕⠗⠀⠞⠕⠀⠊⠝⠙⠊⠉⠁⠞⠑⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠁⠞⠓⠑⠍⠁⠞⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠼⠦⠋⠁⠉⠞⠕⠗⠊⠁⠇⠄⠀⠋⠥⠝⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠀
⠓⠁⠎⠀⠃⠑⠑⠝⠀⠗⠑⠏⠇⠁⠉⠑⠙⠀⠃⠽⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠕⠙⠑⠗⠝⠀
⠑⠟⠥⠊⠧⠁⠇⠑⠝⠞⠂⠀⠧⠊⠵⠲⠀⠖⠀⠠⠥⠝⠥⠎⠥⠁⠇⠀⠏⠇⠁⠉⠑⠍⠑⠝⠞⠎⠀⠀
⠕⠋⠀⠧⠁⠗⠊⠕⠥⠎⠀⠎⠥⠃⠤⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠎⠥⠏⠑⠗⠎⠉⠗⠊⠏⠞⠑⠙⠀
⠎⠽⠍⠃⠕⠇⠎⠀⠗⠑⠍⠁⠊⠝⠀⠁⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠕⠗⠊⠛⠊⠝⠁⠇⠀⠞⠑⠭⠞⠲⠀
⠠⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠏⠇⠁⠊⠝⠤⠞⠑⠭⠞⠀⠧⠑⠗⠎⠊⠕⠝⠂⠀⠊⠞⠁⠇⠊⠉⠀⠞⠑⠭⠞
⠀⠊⠎⠀⠙⠑⠝⠕⠞⠑⠙⠀⠃⠽⠀⠔⠔⠁⠎⠞⠑⠗⠊⠎⠅⠎⠔⠔⠆⠀⠀
⠎⠥⠏⠑⠗⠎⠉⠗⠊⠏⠞⠑⠙⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠎⠥⠃⠎⠉⠗⠊⠏⠞⠑⠙⠀⠉⠓⠁⠗⠁⠉⠞⠑⠗⠎
⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠑⠝⠉⠇⠕⠎⠑⠙⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠊⠝⠀⠉⠥⠗⠇⠽⠀⠀⠃⠗⠁⠉⠅⠑⠞⠎⠀
⠏⠗⠑⠉⠑⠙⠑⠙⠀⠃⠽⠀⠁⠀⠉⠁⠗⠑⠞⠀⠶⠶⠀⠕⠗⠀⠥⠝⠙⠑⠗⠇⠊⠝⠑⠀⠶⠶⠀
⠗⠑⠎⠏⠑⠉⠞⠊⠧⠑⠇⠽⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠊⠝⠉⠕⠝⠎⠊⠎⠞⠑⠝⠉⠊⠑⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠏⠥⠝⠉⠞⠥⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠃⠑⠑⠝⠀⠉⠕⠗⠗⠑⠉⠞⠑⠙⠀
⠎⠊⠇⠑⠝⠞⠇⠽⠂⠀⠃⠥⠞⠀⠀⠊⠝⠉⠕⠝⠎⠊⠎⠞⠑⠝⠞⠀⠎⠏⠑⠇⠇⠊⠝⠛⠎⠀
⠎⠥⠉⠓⠀⠁⠎⠀⠔⠔⠠⠗⠕⠑⠍⠑⠗⠂⠀⠠⠗⠍⠑⠗⠂⠀⠠⠗⠍⠑⠗⠔⠔⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.