Skip to content

Library / Physics / James Clerk Maxwell and Modern Physics / Braille

James Clerk Maxwell and Modern Physics ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

381,190 braille cells · 404 embossed pages at 40×25 · 1,323 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠠⠉⠇⠑⠗⠅⠀⠠⠍⠁⠭⠺⠑⠇⠇⠀⠀⠶⠠⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠁⠀⠠⠏⠓⠕⠞⠕⠛⠗⠁⠏⠓⠀⠕⠋
⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠏⠊⠉⠞⠥⠗⠑⠀⠃⠽⠀⠠⠛⠲⠀⠠⠇⠕⠺⠑⠎⠀⠠⠙⠊⠉⠅⠊⠝⠎⠕⠝⠂⠀
⠠⠑⠎⠟⠲⠂⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠓⠁⠇⠇⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠞⠗⠊⠝⠊⠞⠽⠀
⠠⠉⠕⠇⠇⠑⠛⠑⠂⠀⠠⠉⠁⠍⠃⠗⠊⠙⠛⠑⠲⠶⠀⠀⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠉⠑⠝⠞⠥⠗⠽⠀
⠠⠎⠉⠊⠑⠝⠉⠑⠀⠠⠎⠑⠗⠊⠑⠎⠀⠀⠠⠠⠚⠁⠍⠑⠎⠀⠠⠠⠉⠇⠑⠗⠅⠀
⠠⠠⠍⠁⠭⠺⠑⠇⠇⠀⠠⠠⠁⠝⠙⠀⠠⠠⠍⠕⠙⠑⠗⠝⠀⠠⠠⠏⠓⠽⠎⠊⠉⠎⠀⠀⠃⠽⠀⠀
⠠⠗⠲⠀⠠⠞⠲⠀⠠⠠⠛⠇⠁⠵⠑⠃⠗⠕⠕⠅⠂⠀⠠⠋⠲⠠⠗⠲⠠⠎⠲⠀⠀⠠⠋⠑⠇⠇⠕⠺
⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠞⠗⠊⠝⠊⠞⠽⠀⠠⠉⠕⠇⠇⠑⠛⠑⠂⠀⠠⠉⠁⠍⠃⠗⠊⠙⠛⠑⠀
⠠⠥⠝⠊⠧⠑⠗⠎⠊⠞⠽⠀⠠⠇⠑⠉⠞⠥⠗⠑⠗⠀⠊⠝⠀⠠⠍⠁⠞⠓⠑⠍⠁⠞⠊⠉⠎⠂⠀
⠁⠝⠙⠀⠠⠁⠎⠎⠊⠎⠞⠁⠝⠞⠀⠠⠙⠊⠗⠑⠉⠞⠕⠗⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠠⠉⠁⠧⠑⠝⠙⠊⠎⠓⠀⠠⠇⠁⠃⠕⠗⠁⠞⠕⠗⠽⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠉⠁⠎⠎⠑⠇⠇⠀
⠁⠝⠙⠀⠠⠉⠕⠍⠏⠁⠝⠽⠂⠀⠠⠇⠊⠍⠊⠞⠑⠙⠀⠠⠇⠕⠝⠙⠕⠝⠂⠀⠠⠏⠁⠗⠊⠎⠀⠀
⠠⠍⠑⠇⠃⠕⠥⠗⠝⠑⠀⠼⠁⠓⠊⠋⠀⠠⠁⠇⠇⠀⠠⠗⠊⠛⠓⠞⠎⠀⠠⠗⠑⠎⠑⠗⠧⠑⠙⠀
⠠⠊⠇⠇⠥⠎⠞⠗⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠠⠏⠗⠑⠋⠁⠉⠑⠲⠀⠀⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠞⠁⠎⠅
⠀⠕⠋⠀⠛⠊⠧⠊⠝⠛⠀⠎⠕⠍⠑⠀⠁⠉⠉⠕⠥⠝⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠍⠁⠭⠺⠑⠇⠇⠄⠎⠀
⠺⠕⠗⠅⠤⠤⠕⠋⠀⠙⠑⠎⠉⠗⠊⠃⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠓⠁⠗⠑⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠓⠑⠀
⠓⠁⠎⠀⠞⠁⠅⠑⠝⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠁⠙⠧⠁⠝⠉⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠏⠓⠽⠎⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀
⠠⠎⠉⠊⠑⠝⠉⠑⠀⠙⠥⠗⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠇⠁⠞⠞⠑⠗⠀⠓⠁⠇⠋⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀
⠝⠊⠝⠑⠞⠑⠑⠝⠞⠓⠀⠉⠑⠝⠞⠥⠗⠽⠤⠤⠓⠁⠎⠀⠏⠗⠕⠧⠑⠙⠀⠝⠕⠀⠇⠊⠛⠓⠞⠀
⠇⠁⠃⠕⠥⠗⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠗⠕⠃⠇⠑⠍⠎⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠓⠑⠀⠁⠞⠞⠁⠉⠅⠑⠙⠀
⠁⠗⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠎⠥⠉⠓⠀⠍⠁⠛⠝⠊⠞⠥⠙⠑⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠇⠑⠭⠊⠞⠽⠂⠀
⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠁⠞⠞⠑⠍⠏⠞⠀⠞⠕⠀⠑⠭⠏⠇⠁⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠍⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠊⠗⠀⠊⠍⠏⠕⠗⠞⠁⠝⠉⠑⠂⠀⠎⠁⠞⠊⠎⠋⠁⠉⠞⠕⠗⠊⠇⠽⠂⠀
⠺⠊⠞⠓⠕⠥⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠁⠊⠙⠀⠕⠋⠀⠎⠽⠍⠃⠕⠇⠎⠂⠀⠊⠎⠀⠁⠇⠍⠕⠎⠞⠀
⠋⠕⠗⠑⠙⠕⠕⠍⠑⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠋⠁⠊⠇⠥⠗⠑⠲⠀⠠⠓⠕⠺⠑⠧⠑⠗⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.