Skip to content

Library / Physics / Experimental Determination of the Velocity of Light / Braille

Experimental Determination of the Velocity of Light ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

78,060 braille cells · 82 embossed pages at 40×25 · 1,932 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠠⠋⠕⠥⠉⠁⠥⠇⠞⠄⠎⠂⠀⠑⠭⠉⠑⠏⠞⠀⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠏⠁⠗⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠊⠝⠉⠇⠊⠝⠑⠙⠀⠏⠇⠁⠞⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠛⠇⠁⠎⠎⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠎⠊⠇⠧⠑⠗⠑⠙⠂⠀
⠞⠓⠥⠎⠀⠎⠑⠉⠥⠗⠊⠝⠛⠀⠁⠀⠀⠍⠥⠉⠓⠀⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠑⠗⠀⠟⠥⠁⠝⠞⠊⠞⠽⠀
⠕⠋⠀⠇⠊⠛⠓⠞⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠙⠑⠋⠇⠑⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠓⠁⠧⠊⠝⠛⠀⠗⠑⠁⠉⠓⠑⠙
⠀⠼⠙⠉⠀⠀⠍⠊⠇⠇⠊⠍⠑⠞⠑⠗⠎⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠊⠝⠉⠇⠊⠝⠑⠙⠀⠏⠇⠁⠞⠑⠀⠕⠋
⠀⠛⠇⠁⠎⠎⠀⠉⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠃⠑⠀⠙⠊⠎⠏⠑⠝⠎⠑⠙⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀
⠇⠊⠛⠓⠞⠀⠛⠕⠊⠝⠛⠀⠏⠁⠎⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠕⠃⠎⠑⠗⠧⠑⠗⠄⠎⠀⠓⠑⠁⠙⠀
⠞⠓⠗⠕⠥⠛⠓⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠇⠊⠞⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠗⠑⠞⠥⠗⠝⠊⠝⠛⠀⠼⠙⠉⠀⠀
⠍⠊⠇⠇⠊⠍⠑⠞⠑⠗⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠇⠑⠋⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠇⠊⠞⠂⠀
⠺⠓⠑⠗⠑⠀⠊⠞⠀⠉⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠃⠑⠀⠑⠁⠎⠊⠇⠽⠀⠕⠃⠎⠑⠗⠧⠑⠙⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠞⠓⠥⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠊⠉⠗⠕⠍⠑⠞⠑⠗⠀⠑⠽⠑⠤⠏⠊⠑⠉⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀⠍⠥⠉⠓⠀
⠎⠊⠍⠏⠇⠊⠋⠊⠑⠙⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠍⠁⠝⠽⠀⠏⠕⠎⠎⠊⠃⠇⠑⠀⠀⠎⠕⠥⠗⠉⠑⠎⠀
⠕⠋⠀⠑⠗⠗⠕⠗⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠗⠑⠍⠕⠧⠑⠙⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠋⠊⠑⠇⠙⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀
⠟⠥⠊⠞⠑⠀⠇⠊⠍⠊⠞⠑⠙⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠙⠊⠁⠍⠑⠞⠑⠗⠀⠃⠑⠊⠝⠛⠂⠀⠊⠝⠀
⠋⠁⠉⠞⠂⠀⠃⠥⠞⠀⠇⠊⠞⠞⠇⠑⠀⠀⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠑⠗⠀⠞⠓⠁⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠺⠊⠙⠞⠓
⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠇⠊⠞⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠺⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠏⠗⠕⠧⠑⠙⠀⠁⠀
⠍⠕⠎⠞⠀⠎⠑⠗⠊⠕⠥⠎⠀⠀⠕⠃⠚⠑⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠝⠑⠺⠀
⠁⠗⠗⠁⠝⠛⠑⠍⠑⠝⠞⠲⠀⠠⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠝⠑⠺⠀⠇⠑⠝⠎⠂⠀
⠓⠕⠺⠑⠧⠑⠗⠂⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠀⠙⠊⠋⠋⠊⠉⠥⠇⠞⠽⠀⠙⠊⠎⠁⠏⠏⠑⠁⠗⠑⠙⠂⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠋⠊⠑⠇⠙⠀⠃⠑⠊⠝⠛⠀⠁⠃⠕⠥⠞⠀⠞⠺⠑⠝⠞⠽⠀⠞⠊⠍⠑⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠺⠊⠙⠞⠓⠀⠕⠋⠀⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠇⠊⠞⠲⠀⠠⠊⠞⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠑⠭⠏⠑⠉⠞⠑⠙⠀
⠞⠓⠁⠞⠂⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠝⠑⠺⠀⠇⠑⠝⠎⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠊⠍⠁⠛⠑⠀⠺⠕⠥⠇⠙
⠀⠃⠑⠀⠇⠑⠎⠎⠀⠀⠙⠊⠎⠞⠊⠝⠉⠞⠆⠀⠃⠥⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠙⠊⠋⠋⠑⠗⠑⠝⠉⠑⠂⠀
⠊⠋⠀⠁⠝⠽⠂⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠎⠍⠁⠇⠇⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠋⠥⠇⠇⠽⠀
⠉⠕⠍⠏⠑⠝⠎⠁⠞⠑⠙⠀⠀⠃⠽⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠑⠗⠀⠎⠊⠵⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.