,,iii  #aai? ,,congress  #b;d ,session  
,s4 ,,res4 #ibj  ,,9 ,,! ,,s5ate ,,( ,,!
 ,,unit$ ,,/ates  ,septemb] #bi1        
#bjbf,mr4 ,s*atz 7= himself1 ,mr4       
,padilla1 ,mr4 ,re$1 ,mr4 ,van ,holl51  
,mr4 ,s&]s1 ,mr4 ,wyd51 ,mr4 ,k+1 ,mr4  
,m]kley1 ,ms4 ,hirono1 ,ms4 ,alsobrooks1
 ,mr4 ,durb91 ,mr4 ,murphy1 ,mr4 ,book]1
 ,mr4 ,blum5?al1 ,mr4 ,m>key1 ,mr4      
,:iteh\se1 ,mr4 ,w>nock1 ,mr4 ,fett]man1
 & ,mr4 ,lujn7 submitt$ ! foll[+        
resolution2 :i* 0 ref]r$ to ! ,committee
 on ! ,judici>y  ,,resolution  ,express+
 conc]n ab\t ! gr[+ problem ( book      
bann+1 & ! prolif]ation ( ?reats to     
fre$om ( expression 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4  
,:]eas ! ov]:elm+ majority ( vot]s 9 !  
,unit$ ,/ates oppose book bans2 ,:]eas  
an ov]:elm+ majority ( vot]s 9 ! ,unit$ 
,/ates support educators tea*+ ab\t !   
civil rights movem5t1 ! hi/ory &        
exp]i5ces ( ,native ,am]icans1 enslav$  
,africans1 immigrants fac+              
discrim9ation1 & ! ongo+ effects (      
racism2 ,:]eas an ov]:elm+ majority (   

,am]icans are confid5t t ! public s*ools
 ( _! communities select appropriate    
books = /ud5ts to read2 ,:]eas1 9 #aifi1
 ! ,supreme ,c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates held
 9 ,t9k] v4 ,des ,mo9es ,indep5d5t      
,community ,s*ool ,di/rict1 #cic ,u4,s4 
#ejc 7#aifi71 t /ud5ts d n %$ _!        
con/itutional rights to fre$om ( spee*  
or expression at ! s*oolh\se gate2      
,:]eas1 9 #aihb1 a plurality ( !        
,supreme ,c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates wrote 9
 ,bo>d ( ,education1 ,isl& ,trees ,union
 ,free ,s*ool ,di/rict ,no4 #bf v4      
,pico1 #deg ,u4,s4 #hec 7#aihb71 t      
s*ools may n remove libr>y books bas$ on
 n>r[ly p>tisan or political gr\nds1 z  
?is k9d ( c5sor%ip w result 9 (ficial   
suppression ( ideas2 ,:]eas ! ,fir/     
,am5dm5t to ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$   
,/ates protects fre$om ( spee* & !      
fre$om to read & write2 ,:]eas ,article 
#ai ( ! ,univ]sal ,decl>ation ( ,human  
,rights /ates t ev]yone has ! "r to     
fre$om ( op9ion & expression2 ?is "r    
includes fre$om to hold op9ions )\t     

int]f]5ce & to seek1 receive & imp>t    
in=mation & ideas ?r\gh any m$ia &      
reg>dless ( fronti]s2 ,:]eas ,,p5       
,am]ica has id5tifi$ m ?an #aj1jjj      
in/ances ( individual books bann$ betwe5
 ,july #bjbe & ,june #bjbf2 ,:]eas books
 bann$ betwe5 ,july #bjbe & ,june #bjbf 
include m ?an #f1jjj unique titles1     
c5sor+ ! works ( m ?an #c1jjj au?ors1   
illu/rators1 & translators2 ,:]eas !    
majority ( book bans 7 enact$ )\t foll[+
 ! be/ practice guidel9es = book        
*all5ges outl9$ by ! ,am]ican ,libr>y   
,association1 ! ,national ,coalition    
,aga9/ ,c5sor%ip1 & ! ,national ,c\ncil 
( ,tea*]s ( ,engli%2 ,:]eas ! unimp$$   
%>+ ( ideas & ! fre$om to read are      
ess5tial to a /rong democracy2 ,:]eas   
books d n require read]s to agree )     
topics1 !mes1 or viewpo9ts1 b in/ead    
all[ read]s to explore & engage ) diff]+
 p]spectives to =m & in=m _! own views2 
,:]eas suppress+ ! fre$om to read & d5y+
 access to lit]ature1 hi/ory1 & k are   
repressive & anti-democratic tactics us$

 by au?orit>ian regimes aga9/ _! p2     
,:]eas book bans violate ! rights (     
/ud5ts1 families1 resid5ts1 & citiz5s   
bas$ on ! political1 ideological1 &     
cultural pref]5ces ( ! specific         
individuals or gr\ps impos+ ! bans2     
,:]eas book bans h multifacet$1 h>mful  
consequ5ces on-- 7#a7 /ud5ts1 :o h a "r 
to access a div]se range ( /ories &     
p]spectives1 especially /ud5ts f        
hi/orically m>g9aliz$ backgr\nds ^:     
communities are (t5 t>get$ by ?\ght     
control measures2  7#b7 educators &     
libr>ians1 :o are op]at+ 9 "s ,/ates 9  
an increas+ly punitive &                
surveillance-ori5t$ environm5t &        
exp]i5ce a *ill+ effect 9 _! "w2  7#c7  
au?ors ^: works are t>get$ & suppress$2 
7#d7 p>5ts :o want _! *ildr5 to att5d   
public s*ools t rema9 op5 to curiosity1 
discov]y1 & ! fre$om to read2 &  7#e7   
community memb]s :o want free access to 
a range ( unc5sor$ in=mation & k f _!   
public libr>ies2 ,:]eas classic &       
aw>d-w9n+ lit]ature & books t h be5 "p (

 s*ool curricula = decades h be5        
*all5g$1 remov$ f libr>ies p5d+ review1 
or outright bann$ f s*ools1 includ+--   
7#a7 ,brave ,new ,_w by ,ald\s ,huxley2 
7#b7 ,! ,h&maid's ,tale by ,m>g>et      
,atwood2  7#c7 ,anne ,frank's ,di>y3 ,! 
,graphic ,adaptation adapt$ by ,ari     
,folman2  7#d7 ,_! ,eyes ,7 ,wat*+ ,god 
by ,zora ,neal ,hur/on2 &  7#e7 ,to     
,kill a ,mock+bird by ,h>p] ,lee2 ,:]eas
 books1 p>ticul>ly ^? writt5 by & ab\t  
outsid]s1 newcom]s1 & individuals f     
m>g9aliz$ backgr\nds1 are fac+ a        
height5$ risk ( be+ bann$2 ,:]eas1      
accord+ to ,,p5 ,am]ica1 a              
disproportionate numb] ( books bann$ or 
o!rwise re/rict$ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates h    
,,lgbtq *>act]s or !mes t recognize !   
equal humanity & dignity ( all          
individuals despite diff]5ces1 includ+--
 7#a7 ,& ,tango ,makes ,?ree by ,ju/9   
,ri*>dson & ,pet] ,p>nell2 &  7#b7 ,?is 
,book ,is ,gay by ,juno ,dawson2 ,:]eas 
_m books1 bo? fiction & nonfiction1 t h 
be5 t>get$ = bans or re/rictions 9 !    

,unit$ ,/ates are books ab\t race or    
racism1 or t feature *>act]s ( color1   
includ+-- 7#a7 ,! ,/ory ( ,ruby ,bridges
 by ,rob]t ,coles & illu/rat$ by ,george
 ,=d2  7#b7 ,lett] f ,birm+ham ,jail by 
,m>t9 ,lu!r ,k+1 ,jr42  7#c7 ,?ank ,y1  
,jackie ,rob9son by ,b>b>a ,coh52  7#d7 
,malala3 ,a ,h]o ,= ,all by ,%ana       
,corey2  7#e7 ,fry ,bread3 ,a ,native   
,am]ican ,family ,/ory by ,kev9 ,noble  
,maill>d2  7#f7 ,hair ,love by ,mat!w   
,a4 ,*]ry2  7#g7 ,good ,tr\ble3 ,lessons
 ,f ! ,civil ,rights ,playbook by       
,*ri/oph] ,noxon2 &  7#h7 ,we ,are ,all 
,born ,free3 ,! ,univ]sal ,decl>ation ( 
,human ,rights 9 ,pictures by ,amne/y   
,int]national2 ,:]eas ! ,comic ,book    
,legal ,def5se ,fund has report$ a      
dramatic surge 9 *all5ges at libr>ies & 
s*ools to ! inclusion ( graphic novels t
 depict ! div]sity ( civic life 9 !     
,unit$ ,/ates & ! pa9ful & complex      
hi/ory ( racism1 homophobia1 anti-,asian
 bias1 & antisemitism emb$d$ 9 ! human  
exp]i5ce1 includ+-- 7#a7 ,new ,kid by   

,j]ry ,craft2  7#b7 ,maus by ,art       
,spiegelman2  7#c7 ,am]ican ,born ,*9ese
 by ,g5e ,lu5 ,yang2 &  7#d7 ,drama by  
,ra9a ,telgemei]2 ,:]eas books address+ 
dea?1 grief1 m5tal illness1 & suicide   
are t>get$ alongside nonfiction books t 
discuss feel+s & emotions writt5 =      
te5age & "y adult audi5ces t frequ5tly  
confront ^! topics2 ,:]eas1 dur+        
congressional he>+s on ,april #g1 #bjbb1
 ,may #ai1 #bjbb1 & ,septemb] #ab1      
#bjbc1 /ud5ts1 p>5ts1 tea*]s1 libr>ians1
 & s*ool adm9i/rators te/ifi$ to ! *ill+
 & fe>-spread+ effects t book bans h on 
education & ! s*ool environm5t2 ,:]eas1 
s9ce #bjba1 ,/ate legislation c5sor+    
c]ta9 cont5t )9 s*ools & libr>ies has   
be5 enact$ across ! c\ntry1 result+ 9 m 
?an #cj1jjj book bans2 ,:]eas an        
increas+ am\nt ( book c5sor%ip goes     
unreport$ & may be high] ?an is able to 
be report$ due to mass removals         
implem5t+ vaguely writt5 ,/ate          
legislation & a lack ( transp>5cy ab\t  
di/rict-bas$ removals2 ,:]eas1 accord+  

to ,,p5 ,am]ica1 f ,july #bjbe to ,june 
#bjbf1 #bd ,/ates across ! c\ntry limit$
 access to c]ta9 books = limit$ or      
indef9ite p]iods ( "t1 includ+-- 7#a7   
,florida1 :]e at lea/ #b1cjd books h be5
 bann$ or re/rict$ 9 #cc s*ool di/ricts2
  7#b7 ,texas1 :]e at lea/ #a1gha books 
h be5 bann$ or re/rict$ 9 #g s*ool      
di/ricts2  7#c7 ,t5nessee1 :]e at lea/  
#a1fbb books h be5 bann$ or re/rict$ 9  
#h s*ool di/ricts2  7#d7 ,idaho1 :]e at 
lea/ #aej books h be5 bann$ or re/rict$ 
9 #a s*ool di/rict2 &  7#e7 ,i[a1 :]e at
 lea/ #aac books h be5 bann$ or re/rict$
 9 #d s*ool di/ricts2 ,:]eas ! ,presid5t
 ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates has repeat$ly        
express$ support = ! c5sor%ip ( c]ta9   
subjects su* z g5d]1 sexuality1 & race  
?r\gh public /atem5ts & executive ord]s2
 ,:]eas1 foll[+ ^! executive ord]s 9    
#bjbe1 ,dep>tm5t ( ,def5se ,education   
,activity 7ref]r$ to 9 ?is preamble z   
,do,d,e,a7 s*ools remov$ books relat$ to
 div]sity1 equity1 & inclusion1 g5d]    
ideology1 & any?+ t w\ld sugge/ t       

,am]ica's f\nd+ docum5ts are raci/ or   
sexi/1 result+ 9 ! c5sor%ip ( classroom 
in/ruction & /ud5t activities1 z well z 
! removal ( at lea/ #eif books 9        
,do,d,e,a s*ools2 ,:]eas1 foll[+ ! same 
executive ord]s1 ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,def5se  
direct$ all milit>y academies to id5tify
 & remove books f _! libr>ies t include 
!mes relat$ to race1 g5d] ideology1 &   
o!r divisive concepts t ! ,adm9i/ration 
consid]s incompatible ) ! dep>tm5t's    
core mission1 :i* l$ to ! tempor>y      
removal ( ne>ly #djj books f ! ,nimitz  
,libr>y ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,naval        
,academy1 includ+ ,i ,"k ,:y ,! ,cag$   
,bird ,s+s by ,maya ,angel\2 ,:]eas     
grants adm9i/]$ by ! ,national ,end[m5t 
= ! ,arts1 ! ,national ,end[m5t = !     
,humanities1 & o!r ,f$]al ag5cies h be5 
t]m9at$ or revok$ = us+ language relat$ 
to race1 g5d]1 & ,,lgbtq id5tity or     
address+ social inequality2 ,:]eas !    
,presid5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates has fur!r   
sign$ executive ord]s t>get+ !          
,smi?sonian ,in/itution1 an indep5d5t   

,f$]al tru/ in/rum5tality ( ! ,unit$    
,/ates :i* has s]v$ z a global model =  
s*ol>%ip & public engagem5t docum5t+ !  
full & complex hi/ory ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1
 = promot+ improp] ideology2 & ,:]eas ! 
,(fice ( ,civil ,rights ( ! ,dep>tm5t ( 
,education has claim$ book bans are a   
hoax1 end$ inve/igations ( alleg$       
discrim9ation relat$ to book bann+1 &   
fir$ ! /aff p]son 9 *>ge ( address+ !   
book bann+ crisis3 ,n[1 !re=e1 be x ,t !
 ,s5ate-- 7#a7 supports ! designation ( 
! week ( ,octob] #d ?r\gh ,octob] #aj1  
#bjbf1 z ,bann$ ,books ,week2  7#b7     
expresses conc]n ab\t ! spread+ problem 
( book bann+ & ! prolif]at+ ?reats to   
fre$om ( expression 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates2  
7#c7 reaffirms ! commitm5t ( ! ,unit$   
,/ates to support+ ! fre$om ( expression
 ( writ]s t is protect$ "u ! ,fir/      
,am5dm5t to ! ,con/itution & ! fre$om ( 
all individuals 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates to    
read books )\t gov]nm5t c5sor%ip2  7#d7 
calls on local gov]nm5ts & s*ool        
di/ricts to foll[ be/ practice guidel9es

 :5 address+ *all5ges to books2  7#e7   
calls on local gov]nm5ts & s*ool        
di/ricts to protect ! rights ( /ud5ts to
 le>n & ! ability ( educators &         
libr>ians to tea*1 includ+ by provid+   
/ud5ts ) ! opportunity to read a wide   
array ( books reflect+ ! full bread? &  
div]sity ( viewpo9ts & p]spectives2 &   
7#f7 calls = ! repeal ( executive ord]s 
& rescission ( directives t h enact$    
cont5t-bas$ & viewpo9t-bas$ re/rictions 
on ! fre$om to read & le>n 9 ,unit$     
,/ates public s*ools & libr>ies4