,,iii  #aaith ,,congress  #ast ,session 
,s4 ,,res4 #eeb  ,,in ,,the ,,senate    
,,of ,,the ,,united ,,states  ,december 
#ag1 #bjbe,mr4 ,whitehouse 7for himself1
 ,mr4 ,merkley1 ,mr4 ,schatz1 ,mr4      
,markey1 ,mr4 ,van ,hollen1 ,ms4        
,duckworth1 ,mr4 ,padilla1 ,mr4 ,welch1 
and ,ms4 ,blunt ,rochester7 submitted   
the following resolution2 which was     
referred to the ,committee on ,commerce1
 ,science1 and ,transportation          
,,resolution  ,recognizing that oceans  
are warming due to human-caused climate 
change4  ,whereas climate change is     
causing the oceans to absorb roughly #ad
 zettajoules of excess heat every year2 
,whereas the top #b1jjj meters of the   
global ocean have been significantly    
warning1 gaining approximately #cgb     
zettajoules of excess heat since #aiee2 
,whereas1 by #bajj1 it is projected that
 the rate of ocean warming in the top   
#b1jjj meters will be #b to #f times    
greater than the rate of warming at the 
time of the introduction of this        

resolution2 ,whereas ocean warming can  
have deleterious effects on biodiversity
 and sea life1 including the health of  
coral reefs1 which contribute           
#c1djj1jjj1jjj annually to the ,united  
,states economy2 ,whereas ocean warming 
will cause ,united ,states fish         
populations to move across international
 boundaries or into the high seas1      
causing economic uncertainty for        
fishermen2 ,whereas climate change is   
acidifying the oceans1 threatening the  
environmental health and biodiversity of
 the ,united ,states2 ,whereas ocean    
warming and acidification can cause     
numerous harms to ocean life1 including 
to species with calcium carbonate       
shells1 which are key components of the 
ocean's food webs2 ,whereas warming sea 
surface temperatures will shrink        
populations of the world's most abundant
 phytoplankton1 significantly damaging  
the ocean food web2 ,whereas warmer     
oceans will increase the risk and       
severity of harmful algal blooms1       

especially in the spring and summer     
months1 which at the time of the        
introduction of this resolution cost    
between #aj1jjj1jjj and #ajj1jjj1jjj    
annually on average and harm ecosystems1
 fisheries1 drinking water1 public      
health1 recreation1 and tourism2        
,whereas increased ocean temperatures   
have expanded ,vibrio concentrations in 
the ,united ,states1 a bacterial        
pathogen that can cause severe illness1 
infection1 and death in humans2 ,whereas
 warmer oceans increase evaporation     
rates1 increasing atmospheric humidity1 
which fuels stronger hurricanes and     
extreme precipitation events2 ,whereas  
ocean warming caused ,north ,atlantic   
hurricanes at the time of the           
introduction of this resolution to be1  
on average1 a category more intense1    
with wind speeds averaging #ah4f miles  
per hour faster1 wreaking more damage2  
and ,whereas our oceans are warming     
rapidly each year3 ,now1 therefore1 be  
it ,that the ,senate recognizes that    

climate change is imposing serious harms
 on our oceans and on coastal           
communities4