,,iii  #aai? ,,congress  #a/ ,session   
,s4 ,,res4 #edh  ,,9 ,,! ,,s5ate ,,( ,,!
 ,,unit$ ,,/ates  ,decemb] #ag1         
#bjbe,mr4 ,m]kley 7= himself & ,mr4     
,wyd57 submitt$ ! foll[+ resolution2 :i*
 0 ref]r$ to ! ,committee on ! ,judici>y
  ,,resolution  ,d5\nc+ ! horrors (     
au?orit>ianism4  ,:]eas au?orit>ian     
ideology necessitates a conc5tration (  
p[] t has1 "t & "t aga91 collaps$       
democracies into totalit>ian rule1      
kleptocracies1 & brutal dictator%ips2   
,:]eas mo/ mod]n democracies d n die at 
! h&s ( arm$ militias1 b in/ead at ! h&s
 ( elect$ (ficials :o erode ! sep>ation 
( p[]s to tight5 _! au?orit>ian grip2   
,:]eas rese>*]s f9d t au?orit>ianism has
 repeat$ly l$ to l[] heal? outcomes1    
decreas$ life expectancy1 high] infant  
mortality1 & h>mful economic impacts2   
,:]eas1 9 ,v5ezuela1 ,hugo ,*vez &      
,nicols ,maduro dismantl$ indep5d5t     
in/itutions1 /ripp$ p[]s f ! elect$     
legislature1 repress$ opposition p>ties 
& civil society1 deta9$ political       

rivals1 & presid$ ov] a humanit>ian &   
economic collapse "u a repressive &     
au?orit>ian /ate2 ,:]eas1 9 ,turkey1    
,recep ,erdoan has und]m9$ judicial     
indep5d5ce1 imprison$ j\rnali/s1        
political oppon5ts1 & civil s]vants on  
politically motivat$ *>ges1 clos$       
indep5d5t m$ia outlets1 & conc5trat$    
sweep+ au?ority into ! presid5cy2       
,:]eas1 9 ,russia1 ,vladimir ,put9      
elim9at$ g5u9e political competition1   
outlaw$ major opposition movem5ts1      
crim9aliz$ diss5t1 ov]saw ! imprisonm5t 
& dea?s ( prom95t political oppon5ts1   
entr5*$ a corrupt & repressive          
au?orit>ian regime1 & laun*$ ! illegal1 
unprovok$ invasion ( ,ukra9e 9 violation
 ( int]national law2 ,:]eas rese>*]s    
f9d1 ,free c\ntries across all measures 
d bett] ?an au?orit>ian regimes 9       
deliv]+ prosp]ity = _! p42 ,:]eas !     
,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates gu>antees
 ! sep>ation ( p[]s 9 ! ,gov]nm5t & has 
*ecks on p[] t ensure a ,gov]nm5t by & =
 ! p r ?an au?orit>ian rule1 z su*      

sep>ation ( p[]s is ess5tial2 ,:]eas !  
,fir/ ,am5dm5t to ! ,con/itution ( !    
,unit$ ,/ates gu>antees t ,congress %all
 make no law abridg+ ! fre$om ( spee* or
 ( ! press2 ,:]eas kleptocracies are    
organiz$ & controll$ by top political   
elites1 :o raid /ate res\rces ) immunity
 & impunity2 ,:]eas ,f\nd+ ,fa!r &      
,presid5t ,james ,madison wrote1 ,!     
accumulation ( all p[]s1 legislative1   
executive1 & judici>y1 9 ! same h&s1    
:e!r ( "o1 a few1 or _m1 & :e!r h]$it>y1
 self-appo9t$1 or elective1 may ju/ly be
 pron\nc$ ! v def9ition ( tyranny42 &   
,:]eas ! ,unit$ ,/ates 0 f\nd$ on !     
belief 9 ! sanctity ( our democracy1    
und5iable fre$oms1 indep5d5ce ( ea*     
bran* ( gov]nm5t1 & *ecks & balances on 
ea* bran*1 a belief to :i* ! sy/em (    
au?orit>ianism 9 all ( its =ms is       
fundam5tally oppos$3 ,n[1 !re=e1 be x ,t
 ! ,s5ate d5\nces au?orit>ianism 9 all  
its =ms & opposes ! implem5tation (     
au?orit>ian policies 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4