,,ii #aai? ,,congress #b;d ,session ,s4 #efdh ,,9 ,,! ,,s5ate ,,( ,,! ,,unit$ ,,/ates ,septemb] #cj1 #bjbf,mr4 ,pet]s 7= himself & ,mr4 ,lank=d7 introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2 :i* 0 read twice & ref]r$ to ! ,committee on ,homel& ,security & ,gov]nm5tal ,affairs ,a ,,bill ,to direct ag5cies to be transp>5t :5 us+ automat$ & augm5t$ sy/ems to int]act ) ! public or make critical decisions1 & = o!r purposes4 #a4 ,%ort title ,?is ,act may be cit$ z ! ,transp>5t ,automat$ ,gov]nance ,act or ! ,,tag ,act4 #b4 ,def9itions ,9 ?is ,act3 7#a7 ,ag5cy ,! t]m ag5cy has ! mean+ giv5 ! t]m 9 section #cejb ( title #dd1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code4 7#b7 ,artificial intellig5ce ,! t]m artificial intellig5ce-- 7,a7 has ! mean+ giv5 ! t]m 9 section #ejjb ( ! ,national ,artificial ,intellig5ce ,initiative ,act ( #bjbj 7#ae ,u4,s4,c4 #idja72 & 7,b7 includes ! artificial sy/ems & te*niques describ$ 9 p>agraphs 7#a7 ?r\gh 7#e7 ( section #bch7;g7 ( ! ,john ,s4 ,mc,cain ,national ,def5se ,au?orization ,act = ,fiscal ,ye> #bjai 7#aj ,u4,s4,c4 note prec4 #djfa2 ,public ,law #aae-bcb74 7#c7 ,automat$ sy/em ,! t]m automat$ sy/em-- 7,a7 means a digital or computational sy/em t uses artificial intellig5ce te*niques1 includ+ ma*9e le>n+1 deep le>n+1 neural networks1 or natural language process+1 to autonom\sly g5]ate outputs1 pr$ictions1 or recomm5dations t sub/antially influ5ce ! outcome ( critical decisions1 includ+ computational processes t /& alone or are emb$d$ )9 ano!r digital sy/em or application2 & 7,b7 does n include-- 7i7 pap]-bas$ processes or physical workfl[s2 or 7ii7 det]m9i/ic computational processes or h>d-cod$ logical algori?ms t rate )\t pr$ictive1 g5]ative1 or le>n+ capabilities1 su* z /&>d if-!n decision trees4 7#d7 ,critical decision ,! t]m critical decision means an ag5cy det]m9ation1 includ+ ! assignm5t ( a score or classification1 relat$ to ! /atus1 rights1 prop]ty1 or wellbe+ ( specific individuals or gr\ps1 ! outcome ( :i* mean+fully affects access to1 or ! co/1 t]ms1 or availability (-- 7,a7 education & vocational tra9+2 7,b7 employm5t2 7,c7 ess5tial utilities1 includ+ electricity1 heat1 wat]1 & int]net2 7,d7 transportation2 7,e7 any b5efits or assi/ance "u any ,f$]al public assi/ance program or "u any ,/ate or local public assi/ance program f9anc$ 9 :ole or 9 "p ) ,f$]al funds2 7,f7 f9ancial s]vices1 includ+ access to cr$it or insurance2 7,g7 asylum & immigration s]vices2 7,h7 heal?c>e2 7,i7 h\s+1 lodg+1 or public accommodations2 7,j7 grants1 contracts1 & o!r legal agreem5ts ) ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t2 & 7,k7 any o!r s]vice1 program1 or opportunity ab\t :i* a det]m9ation w\ld h a legal1 mat]ial1 or significant effect on ! life ( an individual1 z det]m9$ by ! ,director4 7#e7 ,director ,! t]m ,director means ! ,director ( ! ,(fice ( ,managem5t & ,budget4 7#f7 ,human-l s]vice ,! t]m human-l s]vice means dialogue or int]action ) an individual ?r\gh text1 voice1 video1 or o!r m$ium4 7#g7 ,p]sonally id5tifiable in=mation ,! t]m p]sonally id5tifiable in=mation means in=mation t c reasonably be us$ to di/+ui% or trace ! id5tity ( an individual 7su* z ! "n1 social security numb]1 or biometric record ( an individual71 alone1 or :5 comb9$ ) o!r p]sonal or id5tify+ in=mation t is l9k$ or l9kable to a specific individual 7su* z date & place ( bir?1 or "m's maid5 "n74 7#h7 ,pla9 language ,! t]m pla9 language means language t is cle>1 concise1 well-organiz$1 & foll[s o!r be/ practices appropriate to ! subject or field & int5d$ audi5ce1 includ+ an audi5ce t may be disabl$1 may n be pr(ici5t 9 ,engli%1 or may o!rwise be disadvantag$ or traditionally und]s]v$4 7#i7 ,prompt ,! t]m prompt means at a "t n lat] ?an ! "t ( & at ! place (-- 7,a7 int]action ) an automat$ sy/em2 & 7,b7 if applicable1 issuance ( an augm5t$ critical decision4 7#aj7 ,sub/antially influ5ce ,! t]m sub/antially influ5ce means to s]ve z a pr9cipal basis = a critical decision1 includ+ by produc+ an approval1 rejection1 score1 classification1 or recomm5dation t an ag5cy uses 9 :ole 9 "p dur+ an augm5t$ critical decision process4 7#aa7 ,timely ,! t]m timely means )9 a p]iod ( "t 9 :i* ! degree ( rev]sibility is high en\gh to avoid un9t5d$ outcomes creat$ by artificial intellig5ce4 7#ab7 ,transp>5t automat$ gov]nm5t guidance ,! t]m transp>5t automat$ gov]nm5t guidance means ! guidance issu$ by ! ,director pursuant to section #c4 #c4 ,transp>5t automat$ gov]nance directives & guidance 7a7 ,directive requirem5t ,n lat] ?an #ij days aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 ! ,director %all issue a directive t-- 7#a7 requires ea* ag5cy publi%1 on or be=e ! date t is #ahj days aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 a public inv5tory ( all-- 7,a7 augm5t$ critical decision processes1 & ! use ( artificial intellig5ce )9 ^? processes1 includ+ id5tification ( any contracts & v5dors involv$ 9 ^? processes2 & 7,b7 critical decisions to :i* ?is ,act applies2 & 7#b7 requires ea* ag5cy provide biannual notifications to ! public dur+ ! p]iod 9 :i* ! guidance requir$ "u ?is section is be+ f9aliz$4 7b7 ,"p ,i ,guidance on critical decisions ,! ,director %all issue transp>5t automat$ gov]nm5t guidance t includes-- 7#a7 guidance = h[ an ag5cy %all protect individuals' privacy1 civil rights1 & civil lib]ties ?r\gh\t augm5t$ critical decision processes2 7#b7 id5tification ( any additional s]vices1 programs1 or o!r opportunities det]m9$ by ! ,director to be applicable "u section #b7d77,k72 7#c7 id5tification ( critical decisions made by ea* ag5cy & guidance = h[ ag5cies %\ld id5tify critical decisions to :i* ?is ,act w\ld apply if ! ag5cy implem5t$ an augm5t$ critical decision process to make ^? critical decisions2 7#d7 examples ( appropriate & inappropriate uses ( artificial intellig5ce 9 augm5t$ critical decision processes2 7#e7 ) respect to augm5t$ critical decision processes1 guidance = & examples ( h[ ag5cies %all provide cle>1 conspicu\s1 & prompt pla9 language notice to an individual t a critical decision conc]n+ ! individual 0 made us+ an augm5t$ critical decision process1 :i* %all include in=mation suffici5t to enable individuals to appeal & obta9 rec\rse describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#g72 7#f7 ! prop] cont5ts ( ! notice describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#e7 & examples ( :at ! notice c\ld look l 9 practice1 includ+ a description ( ! role t artificial intellig5ce play$ 9 t automat$ critical decision process2 7#g7 a requirem5t t ag5cies e/abli% a process = individuals :o are subject to adv]se decisions 9 an augm5t$ critical decision process to appeal t adv]se decision & receive timely rec\rse1 includ+ publi%+ ! appeals process on an ag5cy's website & e/abli%+ a maximum numb] ( days = ! appeals process & a sy/em ?r\gh :i* an individual c track _! appeal reque/2 7#h7 ) respect to automat$ sy/ems t contribute to augm5t$ critical decision processes & int]act ) ! public1 guidance = & examples ( h[ ag5cies %all design1 develop1 procure1 or update ^? automat$ sy/ems to comply ) ?is ,act1 includ+ *atbot guidance 9 ,"p ,,ii "u subsection 7c72 7#i7 ) respect to critical decisions made by an augm5t$ critical decision process1 guidance = h[ ag5cies1 9 accordance ) section #eeb;a ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 %\ld provide individuals-- 7,a7 ) ! opportunity = an alt]native review by a human be+ work+ = or on behalf ( ! ag5cy ) respect to ! critical decision1 indep5d5t ( ! augm5t$ critical decision process2 & 7,b7 ) an opportunity to reque/ in=mation ab\t ! augm5t$ critical decision process us$ 9 mak+ ! critical decision1 includ+ id5tification ( ! data1 in=mation1 & process us$ to make ! decision2 7#aj7 crit]ia = in=mation & p]=mance metrics t ea* ag5cy is requir$ to track1 collect1 & make publicly available relat+ to ! augm5t$ critical decision process & any errors t occur dur+ ! augm5t$ critical decision process-- 7,a7 to ensure t ! in=mation collect$ c be us$ to det]m9e :e!r ea* automat$ sy/em & augm5t$ critical decision process cov]$ by ?is ,act is accurate1 reliable1 fair &1 to ! greate/ ext5t practicable1 expla9able2 7,b7 to ensure t ! ag5cy foll[s a transp>5t data ret5tion1 de/ruction1 & /orage security protocol = ! data t is collect$ = ! purposes ( subp>agraph 7,a72 & 7,c7 to assi/ 9 enabl+ individuals to obta9 rec\rse describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#c72 7#aa7 guidance = h[ ag5cies %all provide an opportunity = public input1 comm5surate ) ! scale & impact ( ! automat$ sy/em-- 7,a7 = any automat$ sy/em us$ 9 an augm5t$ critical decision process t int]acts ) ! public2 & 7,b7 = any new deploym5t ( any automat$ sy/em us$ 9 an augm5t$ critical decision process t int]acts ) ! public1 prior to su* deploym5t2 7#ab7 guidance = h[ ag5cies %all e/abli% ongo+ me*anisms to collect1 analyze1 & respond to fe$back f ! public1 especially individuals affect$ by automat$ sy/ems us$ 9 augm5t$ critical decision processes1 includ+ fe$back aris+ f appeals1 compla9ts1 or us] exp]i5ce2 & 7#ac7 guidance = h[ ag5cies %all p]iodically make publicly available pla9-language summ>ies describ+ mat]ial issues rais$ ?r\gh public fe$back & ! actions tak5 by ! ag5cy 9 response1 includ+ to modify sy/em design1 deploym5t1 policy1 or practice4 7c7 ,"p ,,ii ,guidance on *atbots or simil> te*nologies ,! ,director %all issue transp>5t automat$ gov]nm5t guidance t includes-- 7#a7 guidance on1 includ+ examples (1 ag5cy s]vices & public int]actions :i* may be appropriate = us+ artificial intellig5ce1 su* z *atbots1 translation s]vices1 fully automat$ voice ag5ts1 t mimic1 simulate1 replicate1 or replace s]vices previ\sly or regul>ly conduct$ by humans1 includ+ int]actions ) ag5cy employees 9 p]son1 on an ag5cies website1 ov] ! phone1 email1 & mail & ?r\gh text1 voice1 video1 or o!r m$ium2 7#b7 assessm5t1 includ+ examples1 ( :i* s]vices & public int]actions may n be appropriate = us+ artificial intellig5ce sy/ems1 su* z *atbots1 translation s]vices1 fully automat$ voice ag5ts1 t mimic1 simulate1 replicate1 or replace s]vices previ\sly or regul>ly conduct$ by humans1 includ+ int]actions ) ag5cy employees 9 p]son1 on an ag5cies website1 ov] ! phone1 email1 & mail & ?r\gh text1 voice1 video1 or o!r m$ium2 7#c7 guidance = h[ ag5cies %all provide prompt pla9 language notices to individuals ab\t ! artificial intellig5ce sy/em t !y are int]act+ )1 includ+-- 7,a7 a requirem5t t ag5cies provide cle>1 conspicu\s1 & prompt pla9 language notice to individuals1 at ! "t & place t an individual beg9s int]act+ ) an artificial intellig5ce sy/em1 su* z a *atbot1 translation s]vice1 or fully automat$ voice ag5t t mimics1 simulates1 replicates1 or replaces s]vices previ\sly or regul>ly conduct$ by humans1 includ+ on ag5cy websites1 ov] ! phone1 email1 & mail & ?r\gh text1 voice1 video1 or o!r m$ium2 & 7,b7 a requirem5t t dur+ any ext5d$ int]action ) ! automat$ sy/em1 a reit]ation ( ! actual notice "u subp>agraph 7,a7 9 a mann] 9 :i* a reasonable p]son c und]/& t !y are int]act+ ) an automat$ sy/em2 7#d7 guidance = h[ ag5cies %all e/abli% a process by :i* an individual int]act+ ) an artificial intellig5ce sy/em describ$ 9 ?is section c timely escalate reque/s or address issues ) a human be+ act+ on behalf ( ! ag5cy to h&le que/ions ab\t relevant ag5cy s]vices2 7#e7 guidance =1 & examples 9 practice (1 h[ ag5cies %all provide pla9 language notice to individuals ab\t h[ ! ag5cy w use any p]sonally id5tifiable in=mation input into ! artificial intellig5ce sy/em1 includ+ a notification t ! ag5cy w foll[ all data privacy laws & t no p]sonally id5tifiable in=mation w be transmitt$ to private companies1 includ+ a company t may be op]at+ ! artificial intellig5ce sy/em ) :i* ! individual is int]act+2 7#f7 p]=mance metrics t ea* ag5cy us+ an artificial intellig5ce sy/em = purposes describ$ 9 ?is section %all collect1 monitor1 & make publicly available1 includ+-- 7,a7 metrics ( ! accuracy1 effici5cy1 effectiv5ess1 co/1 & accessibility ( ! artificial intellig5ce sy/em1 includ+ h[ relevant metrics diff] across language or o!r *>act]i/ics2 7,b7 p]=mance metrics by :i* ! ag5cy measures successful deliv]y ( t s]vice & cu/om] exp]i5ce1 includ+ metrics to quantify ! effectiv5ess1 simplicity1 spe$1 & transp>5cy ( cu/om]'s int]action ) ! ag5cy2 7,c7 a comp>ison ( h[ ! p]=mance metrics comp>e to metrics f prior mon? p]=mance measurem5ts2 & 7,d7 metrics indicat+-- 7i7 ! av]age numb] ( ag5cy int]actions p] day2 7ii7 ! av]age "t sp5t by an individual int]act+ ) ! artificial intellig5ce sy/em2 7iii7 ! p]c5tage ( int]actions ab&on$ be=e ! cu/om] resolves _! conc]n1 by language2 7iv7 ! p]c5tage ( issues resolv$ ) on int]action1 by language2 & 7v7 ! p]c5tage ( individuals :o ab&on _! int]actions to seek help f a cu/om] s]vice repres5tative1 by language2 7#g7 model contract t]ms an ag5cy %\ld use :5 procur+ a ?ird-p>ty automat$ sy/em = purposes describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#a71 includ+ t]ms & conditions t require-- 7,a7 ! ag5cy to reta9 rights to ,f$]al data & any modifications to t data1 includ+ de-id5tifi$1 aggregat$1 or d]iv$ data g5]at$ 9 p]=mance ( a contract2 7,b7 adequate pre-deploym5t te/+1 evaluation1 & ongo+ monitor+ ( automat$ sy/ems1 includ+ p]=mance1 efficacy1 safety1 fairness1 transp>5cy1 acc\ntability1 appropriat5ess1 lawfulness1 reliability1 & tru/wor?9ess2 7,c7 m9imum /&>ds =-- 7i7 security ( data input into1 process$ by1 or output f ! automat$ sy/em2 7ii7 data orig9 & data prov5ance1 ret5tion1 & disposal2 7iii7 sy/em design1 developm5t1 te/+1 op]ation2 & 7iv7 decommission+ ( automat$ sy/ems & prop] data managem5t ^u sy/em or contract t]m9ation2 7,d7 docum5tation to enable ! ag5cy to und]/& ! automat$ sy/em's limitations1 risk mitigation measures1 & co/ to op]ate2 7,e7 disclosure ( tra9+ data s\rces & any kn[n limitation ( t tra9+ data t c\ld affect automat$ sy/em p]=mance2 & 7,f7 incid5t report+ proc$ures to ensure timely notification ( sy/em failures or security brea*es2 & 7#h7 guidance = procurem5t (ficials involv$ 9 ! procurem5t process = automat$ sy/ems1 includ+ recomm5d$ tra9+s = su* (ficials4 7d7 ,website = templates1 guidance1 metrics ,! ,director %all publi% all templates1 l9ks to all ag5cy *atbots1 p]=mance metrics1 & ! transp>5t automat$ gov]nm5t guidance on a new or exi/+ website ( ! ,(fice ( ,managem5t & ,budget4 7e7 ,rule ( con/ruction ,no?+ 9 ?is ,act %\ld be con/ru$ to require less "u or o!rwise dim9i% any /&>d = ! protection ( ,f$]al data requir$ "u any o!r law or regulation4 7f7 ,prohibition on comm]cial use ( data ,! head ( ea* ag5cy %all prohibit a contractor or ?ird-p>ty v5dor ( ! ag5cy f us+ any data collect$1 g5]at$1 or access$ 9 ! p]=mance ( a contract1 includ+ de-id5tifi$1 aggregat$1 or d]iv$ data g5]at$ 9 p]=mance ( a contract1 "u ?is ,act to-- 7#a7 t>get1 cu/omize1 p]sonalize1 or deliv] adv]tisem5ts to any individual2 or 7#b7 create1 ma9ta91 or augm5t a pr(ile on any individual = any purpose o!r ?an ! direct p]=mance ( ! contract1 includ+ any *anges to pr(iles t ! contractor or ?ird-p>ty v5dor already holds or ma9ta9s on an individual ?r\gh comm]cial (f]+s4 7g7 ,acc\nt creation ,! head ( an ag5cy may n require a memb] ( ! public to create1 sign up =1 regi/]1 or e/abli% an acc\nt ) a private or comm]cial entity1 includ+ any artificial intellig5ce sy/em or social m$ia plat=m1 z a condition ( int]act+ ) ! ag5cy1 access+ a s]vice ( ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t1 or receiv+ any ,f$]al b5efits1 includ+ cu/om] support s]vices4 7h7 ,acc\nt sep>ation ,if ! head ( an ag5cy deploys a ?ird-p>ty artificial intellig5ce sy/em1 includ+ a *atbot1 translation s]vice1 fully automat$ voice ag5t1 or any simil> tool1 9 any m$ium1 includ+ a website1 telephone1 email1 mail1 text1 or video1 ! head ( ! ag5cy %all prohibit ! ag5cy or any op]ator1 develop]1 or deploy] ( ! ?ird-p>ty artificial intellig5ce sy/em1 includ+ a contractor or v5dor1 f comb9+1 cross-ref]5c+1 or associat+ any data1 metadata1 or in=mation d]iv$ f ! int]actions ( an individual ) t artificial intellig5ce sy/em ) any data1 metadata1 or in=mation f a comm]cial or p]sonal acc\nt t ! individual holds ) ! same op]ator1 develop]1 deploy]1 contractor1 or v5dor4 7i7 ,data ,reque/ 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,if an ag5cy deploys an int]active artificial intellig5ce sy/em 7includ+ a *atbot1 translation s]vice1 fully automat$ voice ag5t1 or simil> tool7 t communicates ) memb]s ( ! public1 ! ag5cy %all1 ^u reque/1 provide to an individual int]act+ ) ! artificial intellig5ce sy/em a complete1 un$it$1 & ma*9e-readable transcript or record+ ( ! individual's int]actions ) su* int]active artificial intellig5ce sy/em4 7#b7 ,timel9e ,an ag5cy provid+ a transcript or record+ to a reque/+ individual "u p>agraph 7#a7 %all-- 7,a7 v]ify ! id5tity ( ! reque/+ individual to prev5t unau?oriz$ disclosure ( p]sonally id5tifiable in=mation2 & 7,b7 provide ! transcript or record+ to ! v]ifi$ individual n lat] ?an #c bus9ess days aft] receiv+ ! reque/ = ! transcript or record+4 7#c7 ,self-s]vice option ,an ag5cy provid+ a transcript or record+ to a reque/+ individual "u p>agraph 7#a7 %all all[ ! reque/+ individual to also d[nload or email a transcript ( _! session ) an int]active artificial intellig5ce sy/em directly f ! int]face imm$iately ^u conclusion ( ! int]action4 #d4 ,ag5cy implem5tation 7a7 ,public comm5t ,n lat] ?an #ahj days aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 ! ,director %all issue a prelim9>y v]sion ( ! transp>5t automat$ gov]nm5t guidance & make su* v]sion available = public comm5t = a p]iod ( n less ?an #cj days4 7b7 ,ag5cy implem5tation ( transp>5t automat$ gov]nm5t guidance ,n lat] ?an #ahj days aft] ! date on :i* ! ,director issues ! transp>5t automat$ gov]nm5t guidance "u section #c or any subsequ5t update !re(1 ! head ( ea* ag5cy %all implem5t ! transp>5t automat$ gov]nm5t guidance or su* subsequ5t update4 7c7 ,comptroll] ,g5]al report ,n lat] ?an #b ye>s aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 & biannually !reaft]1 ! ,comptroll] ,g5]al ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates %all review ag5cy compliance ) ?is ,act & submit to ! ,committee on ,homel& ,security & ,gov]nm5tal ,affairs ( ! ,s5ate & ! ,committee on ,ov]sight & ,gov]nm5t ,re=m ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives a report ) f9d+s & recomm5dations4 #e4 ,sunset ,beg9n+ on ! date t is #aj ye>s aft] ! date on :i* ! ,director issues ! transp>5t automat$ gov]nm5t guidance1 ?is ,act %all h no =ce or effect4