,,ii  #aai? ,,congress  #b;d ,session   
,s4 #ebeb  ,,9 ,,! ,,s5ate ,,( ,,!      
,,unit$ ,,/ates  ,augu/ #e1 #bjbf,mr4   
,hag]ty 7= himself1 ,mr4 ,kim1 ,mr4     
,scott ( ,s\? ,c>ol9a1 & ,ms4 ,cortez   
,ma/o7 introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2 :i* 0   
read twice & ref]r$ to ! ,committee on  
,bank+1 ,h\s+1 & ,urban ,affairs  ,a    
,,bill  ,to prev5t =eign adv]s>ies f    
?reat5+ ! national security ( ! ,unit$  
,/ates by extract+ key te*nical features
 ( clos$-s\rce1 ,unit$ ,/ates-own$      
artificial intellig5ce models1 & = o!r  
purposes4  #a4 ,%ort title ,?is ,act may
 be cit$ z ,block+ ,l>ge-scale          
,adv]s>ial ,di/illation ,ef=ts ,act (   
#bjbf or ,,blade ,act4  #b4 ,s5se (     
,congress ,x is ! s5se ( ,congress t--  
7#a7 artificial intellig5ce models own$ 
by ,unit$ ,/ates private sector entities
 are ess5tial = advanc+ economic &      
national security int]e/s ( ! ,unit$    
,/ates2  7#b7 _m ( ! mo/ advanc$        
artificial intellig5ce models own$ by   
,unit$ ,/ates entities are clos$-s\rce  

models ^: unique te*nical *>act]i/ics   
are n op5ly %>$ or publi%$2  7#c7 !     
unau?oriz$ acquisition ( model          
capabilities1 su* z model weights1 model
 ar*itectures1 & o!r te*nical           
*>act]i/ics ( clos$-s\rce artificial    
intellig5ce models1 by p]sons ( conc]n  
?r\gh model extraction attacks repres5ts
 a ?reat to ! national security & =eign 
policy int]e/s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 z well
 z ! intellectual prop]ty rights &      
economic competitiv5ess ( ,unit$ ,/ates 
entities2  7#d7 ! ,unit$ ,/ates         
,gov]nm5t1 9 coop]ation ) private own]s 
( clos$-s\rce artificial intellig5ce    
models1 %\ld take /eps to id5tify1      
puni%1 & det] model extraction attacks  
on ! protect$ capabilities ( clos$-s\rce
 artificial intellig5ce models by p]sons
 ( conc]n2  7#e7 model extraction       
attacks aga9/ ,unit$ ,/ates clos$-s\rce 
artificial intellig5ce models all[ =eign
 adv]s>ies a %ort cut to acquir+ advanc$
 artificial intellig5ce capabilities2 & 
7#f7 au?oriz$ model tra9+ practices t   

adh]e to ! t]ms ( s]vice or are o!rwise 
consi/5t ) contractual t]ms set by !    
own]s ( clos$-s\rce artificial          
intellig5ce models are a legitimate     
rese>* me?od t play an important role 9 
artificial intellig5ce rese>* & are     
fundam5tally di/9ct f model extraction  
attacks address$ by ?is ,act4  #c4      
,def9itions ,9 ?is ,act3 7#a7           
,appropriate congressional committees ,!
 t]m appropriate congressional          
committees means-- 7,a7 ! ,committee on 
,=eign ,affairs ( ! ,h\se (             
,repres5tatives2 &  7,b7 ! ,committee on
 ,bank+1 ,h\s+1 & ,urban ,affairs ( !   
,s5ate4  7#b7 ,clos$-s\rce artificial   
intellig5ce model ,! t]m clos$-s\rce    
artificial intellig5ce model means any  
artificial intellig5ce model ) ! foll[+ 
*>act]i/ics3 7,a7 ,propriet>y key       
te*nical in=mation1 su* z und]ly+ model 
weights1 t are necess>y to reproduce &  
indep5d5tly recreate ! model & t are n  
will+ly %>$ ) ?ird p>ties or o!rwise    
made publicly available by ! own] ( !   

model4  7,b7 ,access & use gov]n$ by    
t]ms ( s]vice or contractual agreem5ts t
 are e/abli%$ by ! own] ( ! model4  7,c7
 ,access t is provid$ via an application
 program int]face or ano!r consum]-fac+1
 own]-controll$ int]face )\t enabl+ ?ird
 p>ties to obta91 modify1 or ho/ !      
clos$-s\rce artificial intellig5ce model
 on _! own data s]v]s or o!r te*nology  
unless specifically au?oriz$ by ! own] (
 ! model4  7#c7 ,c\ntry ( conc]n ,! t]m 
c\ntry ( conc]n means-- 7,a7 ! ,p's     
,republic ( ,*9a1 includ+ ! ,hong ,kong 
& ,macau ,special ,adm9i/rative         
,regions2  7,b7 ! ,russian ,f$]ation2 & 
7,c7 any o!r =eign c\ntry-- 7i7 li/$ 9  
,c\ntry ,gr\p ,d3#e 9 ,supplem5t ,no4 #a
 to "p #gdj ( title #ae1 ,code ( ,f$]al 
,regulations1 z publi%$ on ,janu>y #a1  
#bjbf1 t is designat$ by ! ,secret>y (  
,comm]ce z a c\ntry ( conc]n = purposes 
( ?is section & = :i* notice ( su*      
designation has be5 publi%$ 9 ! ,f$]al  
,regi/]2 &  7ii7 id5tifi$ by ! ,secret>y
 ( ,comm]ce1 act+ ?r\gh ! ,"u ,secret>y 

( ,comm]ce = ,indu/ry & ,security1      
pursuant to an assessm5t requir$ by     
subsection 7a7 or 7e7 ( section #d4     
7#d7 ,p]son ( conc]n ,! t]m p]son (     
conc]n means any =eign p]son t-- 7,a7 is
 locat$ or headqu>t]$ 91 or ! ultimate  
p>5t company ( :i* is headqu>t]$ 91 a   
c\ntry ( conc]n2  7,b7 is op]at+ "u !   
direction or control ( any entity locat$
 or headqu>t]$ 91 or ! ultimate p>5t    
company ( :i* is headqu>t]$ 91 a c\ntry 
( conc]n2 or  7,c7 is conduct+ or       
attempt+ to conduct a model extraction  
attack aga9/ clos$-s\rce artificial     
intellig5ce models own$ by ,unit$ ,/ates
 p]sons & outside ( au?oriz$ model tra9+
 practices4  7#e7 ,=eign p]son ,! t]m   
=eign p]son means a p]son t is n a      
,unit$ ,/ates p]son4  7#f7 ,fraudul5t   
acc\nt network provid]  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,!
 t]m fraudul5t acc\nt network provid]   
means any =eign p]son t kn[+ly &        
int5tionally creates1 obta9s1 ma9ta9s1  
sells1 brok]s1 or o!rwise provides      
access to an acc\nt t all[s a p]son (   

conc]n to access a clos$-s\rce          
artificial intellig5ce model t ! entity 
w\ld o!rwise be prohibit$ f access+ z a 
result ( location re/rictions 9 ! t]ms (
 s]vice or a contractual agreem5t creat$
 by ! own] ( ! model4  7,b7 ,exception  
,= purposes ( subp>agraph 7,a71 an      
entity t creates or transmits location  
in=mation to enable p]sons )9 c\ntries (
 conc]n to access ! int]net = purposes (
 fre$om ( expression is n1 on ! basis ( 
t activity alone1 a fraudul5t acc\nt    
network provid]4  7#g7 ,model extraction
 attack  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,! t]m model     
extraction attack means ! unau?oriz$    
extract+ ( ! capabilities ( a           
clos$-s\rce artificial intellig5ce model
 to replicate1 develop1 tra91 or improve
 ano!r artificial intellig5ce model1 if 
su* extraction-- 7i7 circumv5ts         
te*nical1 contractual1 or o!r access    
controls1 id5tity v]ification           
requirem5ts1 or geographic access       
re/rictions implem5t$ by ! own] ( !     
model2  7ii7 is conduct$ ?r\gh          

fraudul5t1 misrepres5t$1 or unau?oriz$  
cr$5tials2 or  7iii7 violates ! t]ms1   
conditions1 or re/rictions gov]n+ access
 to or use ( ! model1 z e/abli%$ by !   
own]1 t specifically prohibit ! use (   
model outputs or int]actions to         
replicate1 develop1 tra91 or improve    
ano!r artificial intellig5ce model4     
7,b7 ,inf]5ce ( purpose ,= purposes (   
subp>agraph 7,a71 ! purpose ( extraction
 may be inf]r$ f ! totality (           
circum/ances1 includ+-- 7i7 ! volume1   
/ructure1 patt]n1 coord9ation1 or tim+ (
 ! extraction activity2  7ii7 !         
conc5tration ( extractions on specific  
model capabilities2  7iii7 ! use (      
multiple acc\nts 9 a coord9at$ mann]2 or
  7iv7 ! correlation ( extraction       
activity )9 ! developm5t timel9e ( ano!r
 artificial intellig5ce model4  7,c7    
,exclusion ,= purposes ( subp>agraph    
7,a71 model tra9+ activities conduct$ 9 
compliance ) ! t]ms1 conditions1 &      
re/rictions gov]n+ access to & use ( a  
clos$-s\rce artificial intellig5ce      

model1 or o!rwise conduct$ )9 a p]mitt$ 
exception or ! express au?orization ( ! 
own] ( ! model1 are n model extraction  
attacks4  7#h7 ,op]at+ ,committee =     
,export ,policy ,! t]m ,op]at+          
,committee = ,export ,policy means !    
,op]at+ ,committee = ,export ,policy    
ref]r$ to 9 section #agfc7;c7 ( !       
,export ,control ,re=m ,act ( #bjah 7#ej
 ,u4,s4,c4 #dhbb7;c774  7#i7 ,own] ,!   
t]m own] means1 ) respect to a          
clos$-s\rce artificial intellig5ce      
model1 ! p]son t-- 7,a7 holds           
intellectual prop]ty rights 7includ+    
trade secret1 copyright1 pat5t1 or o!r  
propriet>y rights71 contractual rights1 
or a comb9ation !re(1 suffici5t to      
au?orize or re/rict ?ird-p>ty access to1
 use (1 extraction f1 or reproduction ( 
! model1 or any v]sion1 in/ance1 or     
deploym5t ! model1 :e!r su* rights 7    
obta9$ ?r\gh developm5t1 acquisition1   
assignm5t1 lic5se1 or o!rwise2 &  7,b7  
is a ,unit$ ,/ates p]son4  7#aj7 ,p]son 
,! t]m p]son means individual or entity4

  7#aa7 ,unit$ /ates p]son ,! t]m ,unit$
 ,/ates p]son means-- 7,a7 a ,unit$     
,/ates citiz5 or an ali5 lawfully       
admitt$ = p]man5t resid5ce to ! ,unit$  
,/ates2  7,b7 an entity organiz$ "u !   
laws ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates or any           
jurisdiction )9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 includ+
 a =eign bran* ( su* an entity2 or  7,c7
 any p]son locat$ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4    
#d4 ,assessm5t ( model extraction       
attacks & fraudul5t acc\nt network      
provid]s  7a7 ,9 g5]al ,n lat] ?an #ahj 
days aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is     
,act1 ! ,secret>y ( ,comm]ce1 act+ ?r\gh
 ! ,"u ,secret>y ( ,comm]ce = ,indu/ry &
 ,security & 9 coord9ation ) ! head (   
ea* ag5cy t is a memb] ( ! ,op]at+      
,committee = ,export ,policy1 %all      
complete an assessm5t to det]m9e-- 7#a7 
:i*1 if any1 p]sons ( conc]n h conduct$ 
or are curr5tly conduct+ model          
extraction attacks aga9/ clos$-s\rce    
artificial intellig5ce models own$ by   
,unit$ ,/ates p]sons2 &  7#b7 :i*1 if   
any1 p]sons ( conc]n are fraudul5t      

acc\nt network provid]s4  7b7 ,matt]s   
,to be includ$ ,! assessm5t requir$ by  
subsection 7a7 %all include ! foll[+3   
7#a7 ,a det]m9ation ( :i* p]sons (      
conc]n-- 7,a7 h ei!r previ\sly or are   
curr5tly engag+ 9 model extraction      
attacks2 or  7,b7 are fraudul5t acc\nt  
network provid]s4  7#b7 ,a det]m9ation (
 ! c\ntries1 if any-- 7,a7 f :i* model  
extraction attacks h orig9at$2 &  7,b7 9
 :i* fraudul5t acc\nt network provid]s  
exi/4  7#c7 ,an id5tification ( :i*1 if 
any1 ag5cies or in/rum5talities (       
gov]nm5ts ( c\ntries ( conc]n h provid$ 
or are provid+ mat]ial assi/ance to     
entities id5tifi$ pursuant to p>agraph  
7#a74  7#d7 ,an analysis ( ! me?ods     
employ$ by p]sons ( conc]n id5tifi$     
pursuant to p>agraph 7#a71 includ+--    
7,a7 ! role ( fraudul5t acc\nt network  
provid]s 9 model extraction attacks1    
includ+1 to ! ext5t possible1 ! physical
 location ( (fices & data c5t]s ( su*   
provid]s2 &  7,b7 a det]m9ation1 to !   
ext5t possible1 ( ! numb] ( attempt$    

model extraction attacks t occurr$ dur+ 
! #b cal5d> ye>s prec$+ ! date on :i* ! 
,secret>y ( ,comm]ce1 act+ ?r\gh ! ,"u  
,secret>y ( ,comm]ce = ,indu/ry &       
,security1 beg9s ! assessm5t requir$ by 
subsection 7a74  7#e7 ,an exam9ation ( !
 /r5g?s & weaknesses ( v>i\s detection  
approa*es t c be us$ to det]m9e :e!r a  
model extraction attack has occurr$ or  
is occurr+4  7#f7 ,an assessm5t ( !     
economic & national security consequ5ces
 ( successful model extraction attacks  
by p]sons ( conc]n t occurr$ dur+ ! #b  
cal5d> ye>s prec$+ ! date on :i* !      
,secret>y ( ,comm]ce1 act+ ?r\gh ! ,"u  
,secret>y ( ,comm]ce = ,indu/ry &       
,security1 beg9s ! assessm5t requir$ by 
subsection 7a74  7#g7 ,/eps detail+ h[ !
 ,unit$ ,/ates ,gov]nm5t is assi/+ own]s
 ( clos$-s\rce artificial intellig5ce   
models t h be5 ! t>get or victim ( model
 extraction attacks 9 detect+ model     
extraction attacks1 det]r+ future model 
extraction attacks1 & puni%+ p]sons (   
conc]n t engage 9 model extraction      

attacks or are fraudul5t acc\nt network 
provid]s4  7#h7 ,a diplomatic /rategy to
 lev]age allies & p>tn]s ( ! ,unit$     
,/ates 9 detect+ & prev5t+ model        
extraction attacks by p]sons ( conc]n4  
7c7 ,public consultation  7#a7 ,9 g5]al 
,9 conduct+ ! assessm5t requir$ by      
subsection 7a71 ! ,secret>y ( ,comm]ce1 
act+ ?r\gh ! ,"u ,secret>y ( ,comm]ce = 
,indu/ry & ,security & 9 coord9ation ) !
 head ( ea* ag5cy t is a memb] ( !      
,op]at+ ,committee = ,export ,policy1   
%all consult ) own]s ( clos$-s\rce      
artificial intellig5ce models t h be5 ! 
t>gets or victims ( model extraction    
attacks1 academic exp]ts1 indu/ry =a1 & 
o!r appropriate entities-- 7,a7 to      
id5tify patt]ns ( behavior & me?ods (   
attack]s to bett] in=m ef=ts ( ! ,unit$ 
,/ates ,gov]nm5t & ! private sector to  
detect model extraction attacks2  7,b7  
to develop be/ practices = def5d+ aga9/ 
model extraction attacks2 &  7,c7 to    
develop be/ practices = id5tify+        
activities ( fraudul5t acc\nt network   

provid]s t facilitate model extraction  
attacks4  7#b7 ,volunt>y p>ticipation ,!
 p>ticipation ( own]s ( clos$-s\rce     
artificial intellig5ce models describ$ 9
 p>agraph 7#a7 9 consultations "u t     
p>agraph %all be volunt>y4  7d7 ,report 
7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,n lat] ?an #baj days aft]
 ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 !      
,secret>y ( ,comm]ce1 act+ ?r\gh ! ,"u  
,secret>y ( ,comm]ce = ,indu/ry &       
,security & 9 coord9ation ) ! head ( ea*
 ag5cy t is a memb] ( ! ,op]at+         
,committee = ,export ,policy1 %all      
submit to ! appropriate congressional   
committees a report t conta9s ! f9d+s ( 
! assessm5t requir$ by subsection 7a74  
7#b7 ,updates ,n lat] ?an "o ye> aft]   
submitt+ ! report requir$ by p>agraph   
7#a71 & annually !reaft] = #c ye>s1 !   
,secret>y ( ,comm]ce1 act+ ?r\gh ! ,"u  
,secret>y ( ,comm]ce = ,indu/ry &       
,security1 %all submit to ! appropriate 
congressional committees an update to ! 
report li/+ any additional p]sons (     
conc]n id5tifi$ pursuant to subsection  

7a74  7#c7 ,=m ,! report requir$ by     
p>agraph 7#a71 & ea* update requir$ by  
p>agraph 7#b71 %all be submitt$ 9       
unclassifi$ =m1 b may conta9 a classifi$
 annex4  7e7 ,r\t9e assessm5t ,!        
,secret>y ( ,comm]ce1 act+ ?r\gh ! ,"u  
,secret>y ( ,comm]ce = ,indu/ry &       
,security & 9 coord9ation ) ! head ( ea*
 ag5cy t is a memb] ( ! ,op]at+         
,committee = ,export ,policy1 %all      
r\t9ely assess =-- 7#a7 model extraction
 attacks direct$ aga9/ own]s (          
clos$-s\rce artificial intellig5ce      
models t occur aft] ! date ( completion 
( ! assessm5t requir$ by subsection 7a72
  7#b7 fraudul5t acc\nt network provid]s
 t facilitate model extraction attacks  
aft] t date2 &  7#c7 any mat]ial *anges 
relat$ to o!r matt]s specifi$ 9         
subsection 7b74  7f7 ,indu/ry           
coord9ation ,! ,secret>y ( ,comm]ce1    
act+ ?r\gh ! ,"u ,secret>y ( ,comm]ce = 
,indu/ry & ,security & 9 coord9ation ) !
 head ( ea* ag5cy t is a memb] ( !      
,op]at+ ,committee = ,export ,policy1   

%all e/abli% an in=mation-%>+ me*anism t
 all[s own]s ( clos$-s\rce artificial   
intellig5ce models to volunt>ily1       
quickly1 & confid5tially %>e in=mation  
ab\t model extraction attacks &         
fraudul5t acc\nt network provid]s ) !   
,dep>tm5t ( ,comm]ce4  7g7 ,,ai model   
extraction attack]s li/  7#a7 ,9 g5]al  
,! ,secret>y ( ,comm]ce1 act+ ?r\gh !   
,"u ,secret>y ( ,comm]ce = ,indu/ry &   
,security & 9 coord9ation ) ! head ( ea*
 ag5cy t is a memb] ( ! ,op]at+         
,committee = ,export ,policy1 %all--    
7,a7 ma9ta9 a li/1 to be kn[n z ! ,,ai  
,model ,extraction ,attack]s ,li/1 t    
displays in=mation ab\t specific p]sons 
( conc]n id5tifi$ pursuant to an        
assessm5t requir$ by subsection 7a7 or  
7e7 z hav+ conduct$ or direct$ model    
extraction attacks 9 ! pa/ ye>2 &  7,b7 
publi% ! li/ on a publicly available    
website ( ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,comm]ce4  7#b7 
,protection ( confid5tial in=mation ,!  
,secret>y ( ,comm]ce1 act+ ?r\gh ! ,"u  
,secret>y ( ,comm]ce = ,indu/ry &       

,security1 may n1 9 publi%+ ! li/       
requir$ by p>agraph 7#a7 on a publicly  
available website ( ! ,dep>tm5t (       
,comm]ce1 disclose confid5tial in=mation
 provid$ by ! own] ( a clos$-s\rce      
artificial intellig5ce model )\t !      
express p]mission ( ! own]4  7h7 ,public
 guidance  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,n lat] ?an    
#baj days aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is
 ,act1 ! ,secret>y ( ,comm]ce1 act+     
?r\gh ! ,"u ,secret>y ( ,comm]ce =      
,indu/ry & ,security & 9 coord9ation ) !
 head ( ea* ag5cy t is a memb] ( !      
,op]at+ ,committee = ,export ,policy1   
%all publi% a report compris+ ( be/     
practices to detect1 prev5t1 & respond  
to model extraction attacks4  7#b7      
,public access ,! report requir$ by     
p>agraph 7#a7 %all be publicly          
available4  7#c7 ,protection (          
confid5tial in=mation ,9 mak+ ! report  
requir$ by p>agraph 7#a7 publicly       
available1 ! ,secret>y may n disclose   
confid5tial in=mation provid$ by ! own] 
( a clos$-s\rce artificial intellig5ce  

model )\t ! express p]mission ( ! own]4 
#e4 ,det]r+ model extraction attacks &  
fraudul5t acc\nt network provid]s  7a7  
,consid]ation ( addition to ,entity ,li/
  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,n lat] ?an #baj days   
aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 !  
,"u ,secret>y ( ,comm]ce = ,indu/ry &   
,security1 9 coord9ation ) ! head ( ea* 
ag5cy t is a memb] ( ! ,end-,us] ,review
 ,committee1 %all add ea* entity        
describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#b7 to ! ,entity   
,li/ ma9ta9$ by ! ,bureau ( ,indu/ry &  
,security & set =? 9 ,supplem5t ,no4 #d 
to "p #gdd ( title #ae1 ,code ( ,f$]al  
,regulations1 or any successor          
regulations4  7#b7 ,entities describ$   
,an entity describ$ 9 ?is p>agraph is-- 
7,a7 an entity t is a p]son ( conc]n    
id5tifi$1 "u subsection 7a7 or 7e7 (    
section #d1 z hav+ conduct$ model       
extraction attacks or hav+ facilitat$   
su* attacks via fraudul5t acc\nt        
networks2 or  7,b7 a subsidi>y ( su* an 
entity 7to be det]m9$ by own]%ip ( #ej  
p]c5t or m 9 ! aggregate1 directly or   

indirectly74  7b7 ,imposition (         
sanctions  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,presid5t   
%all1 pursuant to ! ,int]national       
,em]g5cy ,economic ,p[]s ,act 7#ej      
,u4,s4,c4 #agja et seq471 block &       
prohibit all transactions 9 all prop]ty 
& int]e/s 9 prop]ty ( ea* p]son ( conc]n
 id5tifi$ "u subsections 7a7 & 7e7 (    
section #d if su* prop]ty & int]e/s 9   
prop]ty are 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 come )9 !
 ,unit$ ,/ates1 or are or come )9 !     
possession or control ( a ,unit$ ,/ates 
p]son4  7#b7 ,exceptions  7,a7          
,exception relat+ to ! provision (      
humanit>ian assi/ance ,sanctions "u     
p>agraph 7#a7 may n be impos$ ) respect 
to transactions or ! facilitation (     
transactions =-- 7i7 ! sale (           
agricultural commodities1 food1 m$ic9e1 
or m$ical devices2  7ii7 ! provision (  
humanit>ian assi/ance2 or  7iii7        
transport+ goods or s]vices t are       
necess>y to c>ry out op]ations relat+ to
 humanit>ian assi/ance4  7,b7 ,exception
 = intellig5ce1 law en=cem5t1 & national

 security activities ,sanctions "u ?is  
subsection %all n apply to any au?oriz$ 
intellig5ce1 law en=cem5t1 or national  
security activities ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4  
7#c7 ,waiv]  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,presid5t 
may1 subject to subp>agraph 7,b71 waive 
! application ( subsection 7a7 or 7b7 ) 
respect to a p]son if1 be=e issu+ !     
waiv]1 ! ,presid5t submits to           
,congress-- 7i7 a c]tification 9 writ+ t
 ! issuance ( ! waiv] is 9 ! national   
int]e/s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 &  7ii7 a    
report expla9+ ! basis = ! c]tification4
  7,b7 ,=m ( report ,ea* report requir$ 
by subp>agraph 7,a7 %all be submitt$ 9  
unclassifi$ =m b may include a classifi$
 annex4  7#d7 ,p5alties ,a p]son t      
violates1 attempts to violate1 conspires
 to violate1 or causes a violation ( ?is
 subsection or any regulation1 lic5se1  
or ord] issu$ to c>ry out t subsection  
%all be subject to ! p5alties set =? 9  
subsections 7b7 & 7c7 ( section #bjf ( !
 ,int]national ,em]g5cy ,economic ,p[]s 
,act 7#ej ,u4,s4,c4 #agje7 to ! same    

ext5t z a p]son t commits an unlawful   
act describ$ 9 subsection 7a7 ( t       
section4