,,ii #aaith ,,congress #b;d ,session ,s4 #eagj ,,in ,,the ,,senate ,,of ,,the ,,united ,,states ,july #bi1 #bjbf,mr4 ,coons 7for himself and ,mr4 ,whitehouse7 introduced the following bill2 which was read twice and referred to the ,committee on ,energy and ,natural ,resources ,a ,,bill ,to require the ,secretary of ,energy to remove carbon dioxide directly from ambient air or seawater1 and for other purposes4 #a4 ,short title ,this ,act may be cited as the ,carbon ,dioxide ,removal ,leadership ,act of #bjbf4 #b4 ,federal requirement to remove carbon dioxide 7a7 ,definitions ,in this section3 7#a7 ,eligible technology 7,a7 ,in general ,the term eligible technology means any equipment1 technique1 or technology1 as determined by the ,secretary1 that-- 7i7 was placed into service after ,january #a1 #bjbb2 and 7ii7 removes carbon dioxide directly from ambient air or seawater4 7,b7 ,exclusion ,the term eligible technology does not include any equipment1 technique1 or technology that-- 7i7 removes carbon dioxide that is deliberately released from naturally occurring subsurface springs2 7ii7 removes carbon dioxide using natural photosynthesis1 except as provided in subparagraph 7,c72 or 7iii7 uses captured carbon dioxide in enhanced oil recovery4 7,c7 ,expansion of eligible technology ,notwithstanding subparagraph 7,b77ii71 any equipment1 technique1 or technology that removes carbon dioxide using gasification1 pyrolysis1 or sequestration of solid1 nonhazardous1 and cellulosic waste materials may be included in the term eligible technology if the ,secretary1 by rule-- 7i7 determines that an entity that carries out a removal project under this section is able-- 7,i7 to adequately measure1 monitor1 report1 and verify the quantity of greenhouse gas emissions 7including direct emissions and significant indirect emissions71 removed using that equipment1 technique1 or technology2 and 7,,ii7 to adequately mitigate the environmental impacts 7including impacts on biodiversity1 land use1 and air and water quality7 associated with that equipment1 technique1 or technology2 and 7ii7 requires that entity to carry out the activities described in clause 7i74 7#b7 ,lifecycle basis ,the term lifecycle basis means the net sum of all greenhouse gas emissions 7using mass values for all greenhouse gases that are adjusted to account for their relative global warming potential1 as determined by the ,secretary in consultation with the ,administrator of the ,environmental ,protection ,agency7 associated with carbon dioxide removal activity from cradle to grave1 including any emissions associated with-- 7,a7 energy and feedstock inputs in the carbon dioxide removal activity1 including inputs in the distribution and transportation of carbon dioxide2 7,b7 indirect effects1 such as land-use change1 as scientifically justified2 7,c7 the carbon dioxide removal process2 7,d7 carbon dioxide transport and storage1 including any leakage1 use1 and disposal of any materials or products associated with that transport and storage2 and 7,e7 embodied emissions of the equipment used in the carbon dioxide removal activity4 7#c7 ,remove ,the term remove1 with respect to carbon dioxide1 means to extract carbon dioxide from the atmosphere by-- 7,a7 capturing carbon dioxide using eligible technology2 and 7,b7 durably storing1 on a timescale equivalent to geologic storage1 that captured carbon dioxide-- 7i7 pursuant to a permit issued under part ,c of the ,safe ,drinking ,water ,act 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #cjj;h et seq47 for a ,class ,v or ,class ,,vi injection well 7as described in section #add4f of title #dj1 ,code of ,federal ,regulations 7or successor regulations772 7ii7 in building materials and mineralized carbon materials2 or 7iii7 using other durable storage methods1 as determined by the ,secretary4 7#d7 ,secretary ,the term ,secretary means the ,secretary of ,energy4 7#e7 ,small removal project ,the term small removal project means a project for the removal of carbon dioxide that removes not more than #e percent of the net metric tons of carbon dioxide required to be removed under subsection 7b7 for the applicable fiscal year4 7b7 ,required quantities ,the ,secretary shall1 to the extent economically feasible as determined under subsection 7c71 remove-- 7#a7 #ej1jjj net metric tons of carbon dioxide1 calculated on a lifecycle basis1 for each of fiscal years #bjbf and #bjbg2 7#b7 #ejj1jjj net metric tons of carbon dioxide1 calculated on a lifecycle basis1 for each of fiscal years #bjbh through #bjcj2 7#c7 #e1jjj1jjj net metric tons of carbon dioxide1 calculated on a lifecycle basis1 for each of fiscal years #bjca through #bjce2 and 7#d7 #aj1jjj1jjj net metric tons of carbon dioxide1 calculated on a lifecycle basis1 for fiscal year #bjcf and each fiscal year thereafter4 7c7 ,economic feasibility 7#a7 ,in general ,the removal of carbon dioxide under subsection 7b7 shall be considered economically feasible if that removal can be accomplished or1 in the case of a contract under subsection 7i71 purchased-- 7,a7 for each of fiscal years #bjbf and #bjbg1 at a price per metric ton of carbon dioxide of not more than #gej 7which the ,secretary may adjust for inflation72 7,b7 for each of fiscal years #bjbh through #bjcj1 at a price per metric ton of carbon dioxide of not more than #ejj 7which the ,secretary may adjust for inflation72 7,c7 for each of fiscal years #bjca through #bjcc1 at a price per metric ton of carbon dioxide of not more than #cjj 7which the ,secretary may adjust for inflation72 7,d7 for each of fiscal years #bjcd through #bjcf1 at a price per metric ton of carbon dioxide of not more than #bjj 7which the ,secretary may adjust for inflation72 and 7,e7 for fiscal year #bjcg and each fiscal year thereafter1 at a price per metric ton of carbon dioxide of not more than #aej 7which the ,secretary may adjust for inflation74 7#b7 ,inclusion of measurement1 monitoring1 reporting1 and verification costs ,in determining whether the removal of carbon dioxide is considered economically feasible under paragraph 7#a71 the price for such removal shall include costs paid to an independent third party for the measurement1 monitoring1 reporting1 and verification required under subsection 7g77#a74 7#c7 ,multiyear contracts ,the removal of carbon dioxide carried out pursuant to a contract entered into under subsection 7i7 that is a multiyear contract shall be considered economically feasible if such removal can be accomplished at the applicable dollar amount for the first fiscal year of the contract1 as provided in paragraph 7#a71 through the entire length of the contract4 7d7 ,timing ,for each fiscal year1 the ,secretary shall remove the quantity of carbon dioxide required under subsection 7b7 for that fiscal year not later than #c years after the beginning of that fiscal year4 7e7 ,small removal project set-,aside ,to the extent practicable1 at least #bj percent of the net metric tons of carbon dioxide required to be removed under subsection 7b7 for each of fiscal years #bjbf through #bjce shall be removed through small removal projects4 7f7 ,federal assistance ,funds received pursuant to a contract entered into under subsection 7i7 shall not be considered ,federal assistance or otherwise affect eligibility for any ,federal assistance1 including a tax incentive4 7g7 ,measurement1 monitoring1 reporting1 and verification 7#a7 ,in general ,the ,secretary1 or an entity with which the ,secretary enters into a contract under subsection 7i71 shall enter into a contract with an independent third party to measure1 monitor1 report1 and verify the net metric tons of carbon dioxide that the ,secretary or the entity1 as applicable1 removes for purposes of this section4 7#b7 ,standards 7,a7 ,in general ,not later than #a year after the date of enactment of this ,act1 the ,secretary1 in consultation with the ,administrator of the ,national ,oceanic and ,atmospheric ,administration1 the ,administrator of the ,environmental ,protection ,agency1 the ,secretary of ,agriculture1 the ,director of the ,national ,institute of ,standards and ,technology1 and other relevant ,federal agencies1 as determined by the ,secretary1 shall establish standards for methods of measuring1 monitoring1 reporting1 and verifying the net metric tons of carbon dioxide removed pursuant to this section4 7,b7 ,contents ,the standards established under subparagraph 7,a7 shall-- 7i7 require the use of best available practices used by similar carbon dioxide removal projects2 7ii7 ensure safe1 effective1 and efficient removal of carbon dioxide2 7iii7 ensure additionality1 durability1 and net-negativity of carbon dioxide removal2 7iv7 include criteria to determine whether the storage of captured carbon dioxide is durable2 7v7 ensure scientifically rigorous and transparent methods for measurement1 monitoring1 reporting1 and verifying under paragraph 7#a72 and 7vi7 be regularly reviewed and1 as necessary1 updated to account for scientific and technological advancements4 7#c7 ,independent third parties ,an independent third party entering into a contract under paragraph 7#a7 shall be-- 7,a7 in compliance with the standards established under paragraph 7#b72 and 7,b7 subject to oversight by the ,secretary4 7#d7 ,prohibition on double counting ,carbon dioxide that is removed for the purpose of complying with any other greenhouse gas emissions management program1 including any foreign1 ,federal1 ,state1 local1 or private greenhouse gas emissions management program1 as determined by the ,secretary1 may not be considered removed under subsection 7b7 for purposes of meeting the requirements of that subsection4 7h7 ,priorities ,in carrying out removal projects pursuant to subsection 7b71 the ,secretary shall give priority to projects based on the degree to which the project-- 7#a7 minimizes the quantity of greenhouse gas emissions released by carrying out the project2 7#b7 supports the commercialization of innovative removal technologies that demonstrate-- 7,a7 near-term and long-term cost competitiveness relative to similar technologies2 and 7,b7 a potential to achieve the economic feasibility requirements established under subsection 7c72 7#c7 increases the diversity of commercially available eligible technologies2 7#d7 provides for domestic job creation1 with a further preference for establishing partnerships with labor organizations1 small businesses1 minority-owned businesses1 and women-owned businesses across value chains2 7#e7 sources supply chain materials domestically2 7#f7 results in economic development or economic diversification in regions or localities that have historically generated significant economic activity from the production1 processing1 transportation1 or combustion of fossil fuels1 including through the use of coal mines1 fossil fuel-fired electricity generating units1 and petroleum refining facilities2 7#g7 quantifies and mitigates risks from carbon dioxide removal activities on1 and provides measurable co-benefits to1 nearby communities and residents1 the environment1 agriculture1 and public health1 including by-- 7,a7 improving local air quality1 water quality1 and soil quality2 7,b7 minimizing land1 water1 and energy footprints2 and 7,c7 using zero-emission energy1 to the maximum extent practicable2 and 7#h7 includes robust public engagement and community benefits1 including the use of enforceable community benefits agreements4 7i7 ,contracts 7#a7 ,in general ,the ,secretary may1 using a transparent and competitive process1 enter into #a or more contracts to meet the requirements of subsection 7b74 7#b7 ,duration ,the duration of a contract entered into under paragraph 7#a7 shall not exceed #ae years4 7#c7 ,limitation ,to the extent that there is a sufficient number of entities capable of removing carbon dioxide in accordance with this section under a contract entered into paragraph 7#a71 the ,secretary shall ensure that no singular entity is responsible for removing more than #be percent of the net metric tons of carbon dioxide required to be removed under subsection 7b7 in any fiscal year4 7j7 ,report ,not later than ,january #a1 #bjbi1 and every #b years thereafter1 the ,secretary shall submit to ,congress1 and make publicly available1 a report that describes the progress made in carrying out the requirements of this section1 including1 with respect to the period covered by the report-- 7#a7 the quantities of removed carbon dioxide verified under subsection 7g77#a7 and the name of each independent third party that provided that verified quantity2 7#b7 the total price1 and price per metric ton1 of removing carbon dioxide for each applicable fiscal year as required under subsection 7b72 7#c7 each technology category1 the amount of energy1 and each storage mechanism used to remove carbon dioxide for the applicable fiscal year as required under subsection 7b72 7#d7 each location where carbon dioxide was removed for the applicable fiscal year as required under subsection 7b72 7#e7 the standards established under subsection 7g77#b72 7#f7 an assessment of how the quantities of carbon dioxide removed under this section have affected nearby communities and residents1 the environment1 agriculture1 and public health2 7#g7 information on any potential labor impacts and job creation resulting from carrying out the requirements of subsection 7b72 and 7#h7 an explanation of how the ,secretary prioritized projects under subsection 7h74 7k7 ,authorization of appropriations ,there are authorized to be appropriated such sums as are necessary to carry out this section4 #c4 ,study on the long-term future of ,federal carbon dioxide removal management 7a7 ,in general ,not later than #a year after the date of enactment of this ,act1 the ,secretary of ,energy1 in consultation with the ,administrator of the ,national ,oceanic and ,atmospheric ,administration1 the ,administrator of the ,environmental ,protection ,agency1 the ,secretary of ,agriculture1 and other relevant ,federal agencies1 as determined by the ,secretary of ,energy1 shall submit to the ,committee on ,energy and ,natural ,resources of the ,senate and the ,committee on ,energy and ,commerce of the ,house of ,representatives a report that evaluates and makes recommendations for potential program design elements and financing options for a ,federal carbon dioxide removal offtake program that can be scaled to achieve carbon dioxide removal from the atmosphere and the oceans at a gigaton scale annually by #bjej4 7b7 ,contents ,the report under subsection 7a7 shall include consideration of potential management and organizational structures for the program described in that subsection1 including-- 7#a7 a government-sponsored enterprise2 7#b7 a government corporation2 7#c7 a program office within the ,department of ,energy or another ,federal agency2 and 7#d7 a contracted service provider4