,,ii  #aai? ,,congress  #b;d ,session   
,s4 #difg  ,,9 ,,! ,,s5ate ,,( ,,!      
,,unit$ ,,/ates  ,july #ad1 #bjbf,mr4   
,s*iff 7= himself & ,mr4 ,curtis7       
introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2 :i* 0 read     
twice & ref]r$ to ! ,committee on !     
,judici>y  ,a ,,bill  ,to am5d *apt] #de
 ( title #ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 by   
provid+ = a s5t5c+ enhancem5t =         
transnational repression committ$ aga9/ 
,unit$ ,/ates citiz5s or individuals :o 
are physically pres5t 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1
 & = o!r purposes4  #a4 ,%ort title2    
table ( cont5ts  7a7 ,%ort title ,?is   
,act may be cit$ z ! ,/op ,,tnr ,act (  
#bjbf4  7b7 ,table ( cont5ts ,! table ( 
cont5ts = ?is ,act is z foll[s3 ,sec4   
#a4 ,%ort title2 table ( cont5ts4,sec4  
#b4 ,f9d+s4,sec4 #c4 ,def9itions4,sec4  
#d4 ,s5t5c+ enhancem5t = transnational  
repression4,sec4 #e4 ,c5tralization (   
ov]sight ( transnational prosecutions & 
inve/igations4,sec4 #f4 ,unit$ ,/ates   
,s5t5c+ ,commission guidel9es4,sec4 #g4 
,annual reports4,sec4 #h4 ,annual       

brief+s4,sec4 #i4 ,us+ artificial       
intellig5ce to fur!r inve/igations (    
transnational repression4,sec4 #aj4     
,review & report reg>d+ available       
responses to transnational              
repression4,sec4 #aa4 ,au?orization (   
appropriations4  #b4 ,f9d+s ,congress   
f9ds ! foll[+3 7#a7 ,! gov]nm5ts (      
ho/ile nations1 ( nations controll$ by  
au?orit>ian regimes1 & ev5 ( "s nations 
) :i* ! ,unit$ ,/ates has positive      
diplomatic relations1 h increas+ly &    
aggressively t>get$ ,unit$ ,/ates p]sons
 & =eign nationals pres5t 9 ! ,unit$    
,/ates to sil5ce individuals :o are     
p]ceiv$ to oppose1 or are critical (1   
su* gov]nm5ts4  7#b7 ,(ficials & ag5ts (
 su* gov]nm5ts1 & _! proxies1 h ?reat5$1
 intimidat$1 h>ass$1 surveill$1 /alk$1  
sil5c$1 & ev5 plott$ to physically h>m1 
kidnap1 or kill p]sons )9 ! ,unit$      
,/ates1 includ+ by engag+ 9 t>get$      
attacks aga9/ political & human rights  
activi/s1 j\rnali/s1 academics1 & memb]s
 ( religi\s & e?nic m9ority gr\ps4  7#c7

 ,a l>ge numb] ( diaspora communities h 
exp]i5c$ a rise ( incid5ts (            
intimidation1 h>assm5t1 &1 9 "s cases1  
viol5ce 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates at ! action1  
behe/1 or enc\ragem5t ( ! gov]nm5ts (   
=eign nations4  7#d7 ,acts (            
transnational repression violate        
national sov]eignty1 und]m9e ! values t 
are f\ndational 9 relation%ips )9 !     
int]national community ( nations1 &     
violate ,unit$ ,/ates law4  7#e7        
,transnational repression is (t5 us$ to 
sil5ce critics ( =eign nations & /ifle  
spee* t is protect$ by ! ,fir/ ,am5dm5t 
to ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 :i*
 makes x m difficult = individuals to   
ex]cise _! fundam5tal fre$oms & human   
rights4  7#f7 ,transnational repression 
is n limit$ to physical acts (          
intimidation & h>assm5t1 & has be5      
fur!r$ by ! use ( onl9e tools &         
te*nology to conduct cyb]attacks1       
includ+ comm]cial spyw>e & onl9e        
dis9=mation campaigns4  7#g7 ,al?\gh    
transnational repression (t5 involves   

actions t are already prohibit$ "u      
,unit$ ,/ates law1 ! involvem5t ( a     
=eign gov]nm5t r5d]s su* activities m   
dang]\s ?an ! dang]s pos$ by ! und]ly+  
acts ( intimidation or h>assm5t4  7#h7  
,transnational repression is n          
explicitly def9$ 9 ,unit$ ,/ates law1   
:i* h9d]s ! ability ( law en=cem5t      
(ficials & o!r ,f$]al & ,/ate (ficials  
to id5tify & address su* conduct4  7#i7 
,codify+ a def9ition = transnational    
repression to e/abli% s5t5c+ enhancem5ts
 w s]ve z a height5$ det]r5t = =eign    
actors seek+ to engage 9 su* conduct4   
#c4 ,def9itions ,9 ?is ,act3 7#a7       
,appropriate congressional committees ,!
 t]m appropriate congressional          
committees means-- 7,a7 ! ,committee on 
! ,judici>y ( ! ,s5ate2  7,b7 !         
,committee on ,=eign ,relations ( !     
,s5ate2  7,c7 ! ,select ,committee on   
,intellig5ce ( ! ,s5ate2  7,d7 !        
,committee on ! ,judici>y ( ! ,h\se (   
,repres5tatives2  7,e7 ! ,committee on  
,=eign ,affairs ( ! ,h\se (             

,repres5tatives2 &  7,f7 ! ,p]man5t     
,select ,committee on ,intellig5ce ( !  
,h\se ( ,repres5tatives4  7#b7          
,transnational repression ,! t]m        
transnational repression has ! mean+    
giv5 su* t]m 9 section #ifh7;a7 ( title 
#ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 z add$ by     
section #d7;a74  #d4 ,s5t5c+ enhancem5t 
= transnational repression  7a7 ,9 g5]al
 ,*apt] #de ( title #ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates  
,code1 is am5d$ by ins]t+ aft] section  
#ifg ! foll[+3  #ifh4 ,s5t5c+ enhancem5t
 = transnational repression  7a7        
,def9itions ,z us$ 9 ?is section3 7#a7  
,ag5t ( a =eign p[] ,! t]m ag5t ( a     
=eign p[] means an individual :o op]ates
 subject to ! direction or control ( a  
=eign p[]4  7#b7 ,proxy ,! t]m proxy    
means an individual act+ on behalf ( an 
ag5t ( a =eign p[]1 ) objective &       
subjective actual k ( ! =eign p[]'s     
involvem5t 9 direct+ or controll+ !     
individual's actions4  7#c7             
,transnational repression ,! t]m        
transnational repression means any      

activity by a =eign p[]1 or by an ag5t  
or proxy ( su* =eign p[]1 t-- 7,a7      
rea*es beyond ! int]nationally recogniz$
 t]ritorial jurisdiction ( su* =eign p[]
 or ! c\ntry f :i* su* =eign p[]        
prim>ily op]ates or receives direction  
or control2  7,b7 involves-- 7i7 any    
ef=t int5d$ to h>ass1 co]ce1 or ?reat5 a
 p]son1 includ+ by =ce or reasonable fe>
 ( dea? or s]i\s bodily injury or       
imprisonm5t ( a p]son or an imm$iate    
family memb] ( a p]son2  7ii7 any ef=t  
int5d$ to h>ass1 co]ce1 or ?reat5 a     
p]son to =ebe> f ex]cis+ rights protect$
 "u ! ,fir/ ,am5dm5t to ! ,con/itution (
 ! ,unit$ ,/ates or any o!r "r gu>ante$ 
to su* p]son by ! ,con/itution or laws (
 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 or to retaliate aga9/ 
a p]son = hav+ ex]cis$ su* a "r2  7iii7 
an extrajudicial kill+2 or  7iv7 any    
attempt or o!r act int5d$ to fur!r !    
ef=ts describ$ 9 clause 7i71 7ii71 or   
7iii72  7,c7 is engag$ 9 = a =eign p[]  
or 9 ! int]e/s ( a =eign p[]2 &  7,d7   
7i7 occurs1 9 :ole or 9 "p1 9 ! ,unit$  

,/ates1 includ+ ?r\gh ! use (1 or       
transmission or unau?oriz$ access to1   
comput]s 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 or  7ii7 is 
committ$ aga9/ a ,unit$ ,/ates p]son4   
7#d7 ,unit$ ,/ates p]son ,! t]m ,unit$  
,/ates p]son means-- 7,a7 a national ( !
 ,unit$ ,/ates 7z def9$ 9 section       
#aja7;a77#bb7 ( ! ,immigration &        
,nationality ,act 7#h ,u4,s4,c4         
#aaja7;a77#bb7772  7,b7 an ali5 :o has  
be5 lawfully admitt$ = p]man5t resid5ce 
7z def9$ 9 section #aja7;a77#bj7 ( su*  
,act 7#h ,u4,s4,c4 #aaja7;a77#bj7772 or 
7,c7 any p]son :o is physically pres5t 9
 ! ,unit$ ,/ates at ! "t ( acts         
con/itut+ ! transnational repression4   
7b7 ,s5t5c+ enhancem5t = transnational  
repression ,! s5t5ce ( a p]son convict$ 
( committ+1 or attempt+ or conspir+ to  
commit1 an (f5se "u ,f$]al law1 9       
addition to ! puni%m5t au?oriz$ = su*   
(f5se1 %all be subject to an enhancem5t 
( up to #aj ye>s imprisonm5t & %all     
include an additional f9e ( up to       
#ajj1jjj if1 z "p ( ! c\rse ( conduct   

con/itut+ su* (f5se1 ! p]son kn[+ly     
committ$1 or attempt$ or conspir$ to    
commit1 an act ( transnational          
repression4  4  7b7 ,cl]ical am5dm5t ,! 
table ( sections = *apt] #de ( title    
#ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is am5d$ by   
ins]t+ aft] ! item relat+ to section    
#ifg ! foll[+3  #ifh4 ,s5t5c+ enhancem5t
 = transnational repression4  4  #e4    
,c5tralization ( ov]sight (             
transnational prosecutions &            
inve/igations  7a7 ,national security   
division ,! ,attorney ,g5]al %all       
c5tralize ov]sight ( prosecutions =     
(f5ses involv+ an act ( transnational   
repression 9 ! ,national ,security      
,division ( ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,ju/ice1 or   
any successor organization4  7b7        
,inve/igations ,! ,attorney ,g5]al1 act+
 ?r\gh ! ,director ( ! ,f$]al ,bureau ( 
,inve/igation1 %all c5tralize ov]sight (
 inve/igations ( (f5ses involv+ an act (
 transnational repression 9 ! ,f$]al    
,bureau ( ,inve/igation4  #f4 ,unit$    
,/ates ,s5t5c+ ,commission guidel9es ,z 

soon z practicable1 b n lat] ?an #bgj   
days aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is     
,act1 pursuant to its au?ority "u       
section #iid7p7 ( title #bh1 ,unit$     
,/ates ,code1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,s5t5c+   
,commission %all am5d ! ,f$]al s5t5c+   
guidel9es to ! ext5t necess>y to provide
 = appropriate s5t5c+ enhancem5ts "u    
section #ifh ( title #ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates 
,code1 z add$ by section #d7;a74  #g4   
,annual reports  7a7 ,9 g5]al ,n lat]   
?an #bgj days aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t (
 ?is ,act1 & annually !reaft]1 !        
,assi/ant ,attorney ,g5]al = ,national  
,security1 9 consultation ) ! ,director 
( ,national ,intellig5ce1 ! ,secret>y ( 
,/ate1 ! ,director ( ! ,f$]al ,bureau ( 
,inve/igation1 ! ,secret>y ( !          
,treasury1 & ! head ( any o!r dep>tm5t  
or ag5cy ! ,assi/ant ,attorney ,g5]al   
det]m9es appropriate1 %all submit a     
report to ! appropriate congressional   
committees t describes incid5ts (       
transnational repression aga9/1 or      
o!rwise impact+1 any ,unit$ ,/ates      

p]son4  7b7 ,cont5ts ,ea* report        
submitt$ pursuant to subsection 7a7 %all
 conta91 ) respect to ! mo/ rec5tly     
conclud$ cal5d> ye>-- 7#a7 a detail$    
description ( tr5ds relat$ to           
transnational repression & ! me?ods &   
tactics us$ to p]petrate ! aims1 includ+
 ! use ( artificial intellig5ce         
capabilities & comm]cial spyw>e2 &  7#b7
 subject to appropriate protections =   
s5sitive in=mation reg>d+ law en=cem5t &
 c\nt]9tellig5ce inve/igations &        
op]ations1 a description ( ef=ts tak5 by
 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,gov]nm5t to disrupt   
transnational repression1 includ+-- 7,a7
 diplomatic measures2  7,b7 law en=cem5t
 actions1 c\nt]9tellig5ce actions1 &    
crim9al prosecutions2  7,c7 civil &     
adm9i/rative actions1 su* z t>get$      
sanctions1 f9es & p5alties1 & entry     
ineligibility ( =eign p]sons2  7,d7     
protective measures provid$ to victims2 
&  7,e7 collaboration ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 
,gov]nm5t ) o!r c\ntries t h exp]i5c$   
simil> cases ( transnational repression4

  7c7 ,=m ,ea* report submitt$ pursuant 
to subsection 7a7 %all be submitt$ 9    
unclassifi$ =m1 :i* %all be made        
available to ! public on a ,dep>tm5t (  
,ju/ice website1 b may include a        
classifi$ annex1 if necess>y1 to provide
 in=mation t _c o!rwise be convey$ 9    
unclassifi$ =m4  #h4 ,annual brief+s    
7a7 ,9 g5]al ,n lat] ?an #cj days aft]  
ea* report is submitt$ pursuant to      
section #g1 ! ,assi/ant ,attorney ,g5]al
 = ,national ,security & a repres5tative
 ( any o!r dep>tm5t or ag5cy t !        
,assi/ant ,attorney ,g5]al det]m9es     
appropriate1 %all provide an 9-p]son    
brief+ to ! appropriate congressional   
committees reg>d+ incid5ts (            
transnational repression aga9/1 or      
o!rwise impact+1 a ,unit$ ,/ates p]son4 
7b7 ,items ,to be includ$ ,ea* brief+   
requir$ "u subsection 7a7 %all be       
subject to appropriate protections =    
s5sitive in=mation reg>d+ law en=cem5t &
 c\nt]9tellig5ce inve/igations &        
op]ations1 & %\ld include1 ) respect to 

! mo/ rec5tly conclud$ cal5d> ye>--     
7#a7 a detail$ description ( ea* in/ance
 or relat$ gr\ps ( in/ances (           
transnational repression t has be5      
report$ to1 or is o!rwise "u            
inve/igation by1 ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,ju/ice  
or ano!r relevant ,f$]al ag5cy1         
includ+--  7,a7 ! nature ( !            
transnational repression2  7,b7 !       
individuals involv$ 9 ! und]ly+ conduct2
 &  7,c7 ! location ( ea* incid5t (     
transnational repression associat$ ) ea*
 su* in/ance2 &  7#b7 a description ( ! 
ef=ts tak5 by ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,gov]nm5t 
9 response to ea* ( ! in/ances ref]r$ to
 9 p>agraph 7#a74  #i4 ,us+ artificial  
intellig5ce to fur!r inve/igations (    
transnational repression ,! ,assi/ant   
,attorney ,g5]al = ,national ,security1 
9 consultation ) ! ,director ( ,national
 ,intellig5ce1 ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate1 !   
,director ( ! ,f$]al ,bureau (          
,inve/igation1 & ! head ( any o!r       
dep>tm5t or ag5cy ! ,assi/ant ,attorney 
,g5]al det]m9es appropriate1 %all-- 7#a7

 develop a :ole-(-gov]nm5t /rategy =    
prev5t+1 inve/igat+ & respond+ to acts (
 transnational repression t are         
p]petrat$ ?r\gh ! use ( artificial      
intellig5ce1 includ+-- 7,a7 outrea* to  
te*nology companies t are integrat+ or  
creat+ artificial intellig5ce           
capabilities2 &  7,b7 engag+ 9          
multilat]al ef=ts to address ! use (    
artificial intellig5ce 9 ! prolif]ation 
( transnational repression2 &  7#b7     
laun* an education campaign = ! public  
reg>d+ ! tr5ds1 me?ods1 & tactics by :i*
 artificial intellig5ce is be+ us$ =    
purposes ( =eign influ5ce1 dis9=mation1 
& o!r =ms ( transnational repression4   
#aj4 ,review & report reg>d+ available  
responses to transnational repression   
7a7 ,9 g5]al ,n lat] ?an #ahj days aft] 
! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 !       
,assi/ant ,attorney ,g5]al = ,national  
,security1 9 consultation ) ! ,secret>y 
( ,/ate1 ! ,secret>y ( ! ,treasury1 & ! 
heads ( o!r relevant ,f$]al ag5cies1    
%all conduct a review & submit a report 

to ! appropriate congressional          
committees t assesses ! use ( exi/+     
au?orities & provides recomm5dations =  
additional au?orities t may be us$ to   
respond to & det] transnational         
repression aga9/ ,unit$ ,/ates p]sons1  
includ+-- 7#a7 sanctions available "u ! 
,int]national ,em]g5cy ,economic ,p[]s  
,act 7#ej ,u4,s4,c4 #agja et seq471 !   
,immigration & ,nationality ,act 7#h    
,u4,s4,c4 #aaja et seq471 or "u any o!r 
,f$]al law2  7#b7 visa re/rictions      
available "u section #gjca7;c7 ( !      
,dep>tm5t ( ,/ate1 ,=eign ,op]ations1 & 
,relat$ ,programs ,appropriations ,act1 
#bjbd 7division ,f ( ,public ,law       
#aah-dg2 #h ,u4,s4,c4 #aahb note71 !    
,immigration & ,nationality ,act 7#h    
,u4,s4,c4 #aaja et seq471 or "u any o!r 
,f$]al law2  7#c7 re/rictions on        
assi/ance provid$ to ! gov]nm5t ( !     
relevant c\ntries "u ! ,=eign ,assi/ance
 ,act ( #aifa 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #baea et   
seq47 or "u any o!r ,f$]al law2 &  7#d7 
re/rictions on ! export ( c]ta9 goods to

 ! relevant c\ntries "u ! ,arms ,export 
,control ,act 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #bgea et   
seq471 ! ,export ,control ,re=m ,act (  
#bjah 7#ej ,u4,s4,c4 #dhja et seq471 or 
any o!r ,f$]al law4  7b7 ,=m ,! report  
requir$ "u subsection 7a7 %all be       
submitt$ 9 unclassifi$ =m1 b may include
 a classifi$ annex1 if necess>y1 to     
provide in=mation t _c o!rwise be       
convey$ 9 ! unclassifi$ =m4  7c7 ,annual
 review & report ,! ,assi/ant ,attorney 
,g5]al = ,national ,security %all       
conduct an annual review & submit an    
annual report conta9+ ! in=mation       
describ$ 9 subsection 7a7 to ! relevant 
committees ( jurisdiction 9 ! ,s5ate & !
 ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives4  #aa4         
,au?orization ( appropriations ,!re are 
au?oriz$ to be appropriat$ su* sums z   
may be necess>y to c>ry out ?is ,act & !
 am5dm5ts made by ?is ,act4