,,ii #aai? ,,congress #b;d ,session ,s4 #dicj ,,9 ,,! ,,s5ate ,,( ,,! ,,unit$ ,,/ates ,june #bd1 #bjbf,mr4 ,mc,cormick 7= himself & ,ms4 ,ros57 introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2 :i* 0 read twice & ref]r$ to ! ,committee on ,arm$ ,s]vices ,a ,,bill ,to require ! ,secret>y ( ,def5se to assess & report on ! feasibility ( incorporat+ op5-ar*itecture1 unmann$ sy/em comm& & control frameworks into ,dep>tm5t ( ,def5se unmann$ sy/em op]ations across all unmann$ sy/em ti]s & doma9s1 draw+ on lessons f alli$ & p>tn] c\ntry sy/ems1 & = o!r purposes4 #a4 ,%ort title ,?is ,act may be cit$ z ! ,unmann$ ,sy/em ,comm& & ,control ,integration ,assessm5t ,act ( #bjbf4 #b4 ,assessm5t ( unmann$ sy/em comm& & control frameworks 7a7 ,assessm5t requir$ ,n lat] ?an #ahj days aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 ! ,secret>y %all1 9 coord9ation ) ! ,*airman ( ! ,jo9t ,*iefs ( ,/aff1 ! ,"u ,secret>y ( ,def5se = ,acquisition & ,su/a9m5t1 ! ,secret>y ( ,def5se = ,rese>* & ,eng9e]+1 ! ,*ief ,in=mation ,(fic]1 ,jo9t ,int]ag5cy ,task ,=ce #dja1 ! ,director ( ! ,def5se ,in=mation ,sy/ems ,ag5cy1 ! ,comm&] ( ,jo9t ,int]op]ability ,te/ ,comm&1 & ! ,secret>ies ( ! milit>y dep>tm5ts1 comm5ce a compreh5sive assessm5t ( op5-ar*itecture1 unmann$ sy/em comm& & control frameworks ) demon/rat$ op]ational effectiv5ess4 7b7 ,scope ( alli$ & p>tn] sy/em review ,! assessm5t comm5c$ "u subsection 7a7 %all review ea* ( ! foll[+ alli$ & p>tn] c\ntry unmann$ sy/ems comm& & control frameworks & may include su* additional frameworks z ! ,secret>y det]m9es appropriate3 7#a7 ,ukra9e's ,delta battlefield managem5t & unmann$ aircraft sy/ems coord9ation sy/em1 includ+ an analysis ( its te*nical ar*itecture1 its op]ational effectiv5ess 9 conte/$ environm5ts1 ! int]op]ability & integration lessons le>n$ f its deploym5t t are applicable to ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces unmann$ aircraft sy/ems comm& & control op]ations1 & its cyb]security resili5ce "u active electronic w>f>e & cyb] attack4 7#b7 ,israel's ,multiple ,drone ,op]at+ ,sy/em1 includ+ an analysis ( its te*nical ar*itecture1 its demon/rat$ op]ational effectiv5ess 9 manag+ simultane\s civilian1 comm]cial1 & milit>y unmann$ aircraft sy/ems op]ations1 ! int]op]ability & integration lessons le>n$ f its deploym5t t are applicable to ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces unmann$ aircraft sy/ems comm& & control op]ations1 & its cyb]security & em]g5cy prioritization me*anisms4 7c7 ,elem5ts ( assessm5t ,! assessm5t comm5c$ "u subsection 7a7 %all address1 at a m9imum1 ea* ( ! foll[+ elem5ts3 7#a7 ,ar*itectural analysis1 includ+-- 7,a7 a comp>ative analysis ( ! te*nical ar*itectures ( ! unmann$ sy/ems comm& & control frameworks review$1 includ+ data =mats1 communication protocols1 int]face /&>ds1 & s(tw>e design approa*es2 7,b7 an evaluation ( ! degree to :i* ea* framework employs op5-ar*itecture & modul> op5-sy/ems ar*itecture pr9ciples2 & 7,c7 an id5tification ( ! ar*itectural *>act]i/ics mo/ associat$ ) op]ational effectiv5ess1 adaptability1 & resili5ce 9 conte/$ environm5ts4 7#b7 ,unmann$ sy/ems ti] compatibility1 includ+-- 7,a7 an evaluation ( ea* framework's capacity to manage all unmann$ sy/ems )9 a s+le integrat$ comm& & control environm5t2 7,b7 an id5tification ( ! te*nical & doctr9al b>ri]s to comm& & control int]op]ability across unmann$ sy/ems s )9 a s+le framework2 & 7,c7 a recomm5dation = ! m9imum capability requirem5ts a ,dep>tm5t unmann$ sy/ems comm& & control framework mu/ meet to support effective employm5t ( unmann$ sy/ems across all 9 a jo9t op]ational environm5t4 7#c7 ,int]op]ability ) exi/+ ,dep>tm5t sy/ems1 includ+-- 7,a7 a detail$ assessm5t ( ! compatibility & int]op]ability requirem5ts = integrat+ an op5-ar*itecture unmann$ sy/em comm& & control framework ) curr5t & future ,dep>tm5t comm& & control mod]nization1 z designat$ by ! ,secret>y at ! "t ( ! assessm5t2 7,b7 an id5tification ( ! int]face /&>ds1 data translation requirem5ts1 & te*nical integration pa?ways t w\ld be necess>y to a*ieve su* int]op]ability2 & 7,c7 an assessm5t ( ! risks associat$ ) integration1 includ+ cyb]security risks aris+ f connect+ an op5-ar*itecture sy/em to exi/+ classifi$ networks4 7#d7 ,cyb]security & future-pro(+1 includ+-- 7,a7 an assessm5t ( ! cyb]security po/ure ( ea* framework review$1 includ+ its resili5ce to electronic w>f>e1 ,global ,position+ ,sy/em d5ial1 communications jamm+1 & s(tw>e-bas$ cyb] attack 9 active conte/$ environm5ts2 7,b7 a recomm5dation = a cyb]security /&>ds framework or updates to ! ,risk ,managem5t ,framework ( ! ,national ,in/itute ( ,/&>ds & ,te*nology applicable to a ,dep>tm5t unmann$ sy/em comm& & control sy/em t-- 7i7 is bas$ on ! ,cyb]security ,framework #b4j1 publi%$ by ! ,national ,in/itute ( ,/&>ds & ,te*nology1 & applicable special publications ( ! ,in/itute1 & is design$ to incorporate updat$ guidance f ! ,in/itute )\t requir+ legislative action2 7ii7 incorporates a compreh5sive supply *a9 risk managem5t /rategy2 7iii7 implem5ts robu/ data-c5tric security controls1 includ+ end-to-end data encryption1 data tagg+ = automat$ policy en=cem5t1 & accr$it$ cross-doma9 solutions to prev5t compromise betwe5 classification levels & to enable secure data int]op]ability ) mission p>tn]s2 7iv7 e/abli%es vuln]ability disclosure & pat* managem5t /&>ds enabl+ timely response to newly id5tifi$ ?reats )\t requir+ sy/em-wide r$esign2 7v7 specifies a recurr+ review cycle ( n less ?an once e #ah mon?s to update cyb]security /&>ds z ! ,national ,in/itute ( ,/&>ds & ,te*nology & o!r relevant /&>ds bodies publi% new guidance1 )\t requir+ legislative action2 & 7vi7 m&ates alignm5t ) ,z]o ,tru/ ,ar*itecture 7,,zta71 ensur+ all data1 applications1 assets1 & s]vices are manag$ ) ! assumption t ! network is already compromis$2 7,c7 an assessm5t ( h[ ! ar*itecture ( ! framework c accommodate future unmann$ sy/ems te*nologies1 includ+ autonom\s sy/ems1 artificial intellig5ce-enabl$ t>get+ & deconfliction1 sw>m+ capabilities1 & beyond-visual-l9e-(-sight op]ations1 )\t requir+ full sy/em replacem5t2 & 7,d7 a recomm5d$ te*nology refre% cycle & associat$ gov]nance process = keep+ a ,dep>tm5t unmann$ sy/em comm& & control framework curr5t ) advanc+ te*nology & evolv+ ?reats4 7#e7 ,tactical adaptability & field-level flexibility1 includ+-- 7,a7 an assessm5t ( ! me*anisms )9 ea* framework review$ t enable tactical-level op]ators & comm&]s to modify1 adapt1 or ext5d comm& & control functionality )\t dep5d+ on c5traliz$ s(tw>e updates or acquisition processes1 draw+ on docum5t$ examples f ! conflict 9 ,ukra9e :]e unmann$ aircraft sy/ems tactics evolv$ )9 weeks 9 response to adv]s>y c\nt]measures2 7,b7 a recomm5d$ design approa* = a ,dep>tm5t framework t pres]ves appropriate security & safety controls :ile enabl+ tactical-level cu/omization1 includ+ ?r\gh ! use ( application programm+ int]faces1 modul> s(tw>e compon5ts1 & op]ator-accessible configuration tools2 & 7,c7 an assessm5t ( ! doctr9al1 tra9+1 & organizational *anges requir$ to enable & su/a9 field-level innovation )9 a /ructur$ comm& & control ar*itecture4 7#f7 ,classification & te*nology transf]1 includ+-- 7,a7 an assessm5t ( ! classification implications ( a ,dep>tm5t unmann$ sy/em comm& & control framework1 includ+ recomm5dations = :i* compon5ts may op]ate at unclassifi$ levels to maximize int]op]ability ) alli$ & comm]cial sy/ems1 & :i* mu/ be classifi$2 7,b7 an assessm5t ( ! te*nology transf] & =eign milit>y sales implications ( ! frameworks review$1 includ+ intellectual prop]ty & national security consid]ations associat$ ) adopt+ or adapt+ sy/ems develop$ by or ) =eign p>tn]s2 & 7,c7 recomm5dations = in=mation-%>+ arrangem5ts ) o!r ,unit$ ,/ates ,gov]nm5t organizations1 allies1 & p>tn] nations t w\ld facilitate ongo+ ex*ange ( unmann$ sy/ems comm& & control lessons le>n$ & te*nical /&>ds4 7#g7 ,implem5tation roadmap1 includ+-- 7,a7 a recomm5d$ phas$ implem5tation approa* = develop+ & field+ a ,dep>tm5t unmann$ sy/em comm& & control framework1 includ+ recomm5d$ ne>-t]m pilot programs or ex]cises t c\ld demon/rate te*nical feasibility & op]ational utility2 7,b7 an e/imate ( ! res\rces1 includ+ fund+1 p]sonnel1 & acquisition au?orities1 requir$ to develop & field ! recomm5d$ framework2 & 7,c7 an id5tification ( exi/+ ,dep>tm5t programs1 plat=ms1 & acquisition vehicles t c\ld s]ve z ! basis = or be accel]at$ by an unmann$ sy/em comm& & control capability4 #c4 ,indep5d5t ,advisory ,panel 7a7 ,e/abli%m5t ,n lat] ?an #fj days aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 ! ,secret>y %all e/abli% an indep5d5t advisory panel 79 ?is section ref]r$ to z ! ,panel7 to provide indep5d5t review & te*nical guidance to ! assessm5t requir$ "u section #b4 7b7 ,composition ,! ,panel %all consi/ ( n few] ?an #aj & n m ?an #ae memb]s appo9t$ by ! ,secret>y1 includ+-- 7#a7 n few] ?an two individuals :o h direct op]ational exp]i5ce 9 unmann$ aircraft sy/ems employm5t 9 a jo9t or comb9$ milit>y environm5t2 7#b7 n few] ?an two individuals :o h te*nical exp]tise 9 op5-ar*itecture s(tw>e sy/ems1 modul> sy/ems design1 or comm& & control s(tw>e ar*itecture2 7#c7 n few] ?an two individuals :o h exp]tise 9 cyb]security1 includ+ exp]i5ce ) op]ational te*nology cyb]security 9 conte/$ environm5ts2 7#d7 at lea/ ?ree individuals :o h exp]tise 9 unmann$ aircraft sy/ems comm& & control op]ations1 doctr9e1 or comm& & control f an alli$ or p>tn] c\ntry ) significant unmann$ aircraft sy/ems op]ational exp]i5ce1 appo9t$ 9 coord9ation ) relevant alli$ or p>tn] c\ntry au?orities2 7#e7 at lea/ "o individual ) exp]i5ce 9 unmann$ aircraft sy/em 7,,uas7 traffic managem5t 9 ! ,national ,airspace ,sy/em2 & 7#f7 su* additional memb]s z ! ,secret>y det]m9es appropriate1 :i* may include repres5tatives f ! def5se indu/rial base1 f$]ally fund$ rese>* & developm5t c5t]s1 academic in/itutions ) relevant exp]tise1 & ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,def5se te/ & evaluation community to ensure e>ly consid]ation to int]op]ability1 te/ability1 & c]tification requirem5ts4 7c7 ,limit on active ,gov]nm5t employees ,n m ?an two-?irds ( ! memb]s ( ! ,panel may be a full-"t (fic] or employee ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,gov]nm5t4 7d7 ,duties ,! ,panel %all provide writt5 assessm5ts & recomm5dations on ea* elem5t ( ! assessm5t describ$ 9 section #b7;c7 & %all h ! opportunity to review & comm5t on draft f9d+s be=e f9alization4 7e7 ,t]m9ation ,! ,panel %all t]m9ate on ! date t is #ij days aft] ! date ( ! submittal ( ! f9al report requir$ "u section #d7;b74 7f7 ,comp5sation ,memb]s ( ! ,panel :o are n full-"t (fic]s or employees ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,gov]nm5t %all be comp5sat$ at a daily rate equal to ! daily equival5t ( ! annual rate ( basic pay = level ,,iv ( ! ,executive ,s*$ule "u section #ecae ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 = ea* day !y are engag$ 9 ! p]=mance ( ,panel duties & %all be all[$ travel exp5ses z au?oriz$ "u section #egjc ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code4 #d4 ,reports to ,congress 7a7 ,int]im report ,n lat] ?an #ahj days aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 ! ,secret>y %all submit to ! congressional def5se committees an int]im report on ! /atus ( ! assessm5t requir$ "u section #b1 :i* %all include-- 7#a7 an id5tification ( any additional alli$ & p>tn] c\ntry frameworks select$ = review & analysis beyond ^? specifi$ 9 section #b7;b72 7#b7 a summ>y ( f9d+s f ! ar*itectural analysis requir$ "u section #b7;c77#a72 7#c7 a prelim9>y assessm5t ( int]op]ability requirem5ts "u section #b7;c77#c72 & 7#d7 any significant f9d+s or *all5ges id5tifi$ to date4 7b7 ,f9al report ,n lat] ?an "o ye> aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 ! ,secret>y %all submit to ! congressional def5se committees a f9al report conta9+ ! complete f9d+s & recomm5dations ( ! ,secret>y ) respect to ! assessm5t requir$ "u section #b4 ,! f9al report %all include-- 7#a7 a det]m9ation z to :e!r ! developm5t ( a ,dep>tm5t unmann$ sy/em comm& & control framework bas$ on op5-ar*itecture pr9ciples is feasible1 op]ationally necess>y1 & co/-effective2 7#b7 if ! det]m9ation "u p>agraph 7#a7 is affirmative1 a recomm5d$ framework ar*itecture1 phas$ implem5tation roadmap1 & legislative or regulatory actions requir$ to proce$2 7#c7 if ! det]m9ation "u p>agraph 7#a7 is negative or qualifi$1 a description ( ! specific b>ri]s id5tifi$ & recomm5dations = address+ !m2 & 7#d7 a classifi$ annex1 z appropriate1 conta9+ any elem5ts t ! ,secret>y det]m9es mu/ be protect$ f public disclosure = national security reasons4 7c7 ,=m ,reports requir$ "u ?is section %all be submitt$ 9 unclassifi$ =m1 b may include a classifi$ annex4 ,unclassifi$ portions %all be made publicly available on ! ,dep>tm5t public website n lat] ?an #cj days aft] submission4 7d7 ,annual update ,= a p]iod ( five ye>s foll[+ submission ( ! f9al report "u subsection 7b71 ! ,secret>y %all submit to ! congressional def5se committees1 z "p ( ! annual budget ju/ification mat]ials submitt$ to ,congress 9 support ( ! budget ( ! ,dep>tm5t 7z submitt$ ) ! budget ( ! ,presid5t "u section #aaje7;a7 ( title #ca1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code71 an update describ+-- 7#a7 actions tak5 by ! ,dep>tm5t 9 response to ! recomm5dations ( ! ,secret>y conta9$ 9 ! f9al report2 7#b7 mat]ial *anges 9 alli$ or p>tn] c\ntry unmann$ sy/ems comm& & control frameworks or practices relevant to ! assessm5t's conclusions2 7#c7 em]g+ unmann$ sy/ems te*nologies or cyb]security ?reats t w\ld mat]ially affect ! recomm5d$ framework ar*itecture2 & 7#d7 ! /atus ( any pilot programs1 ex]cises1 or acquisition activities initiat$ pursuant to ! recomm5dations ( ! ,secret>y conta9$ 9 ! f9al report4 #e4 ,cyb]security /&>ds = any recomm5d$ framework 7a7 ,requirem5ts ,any unmann$ sy/em comm& & control framework recomm5d$ 9 ! f9al report requir$ "u section #d7;b71 & any sy/em develop$ or procur$ pursuant to su* a recomm5dation1 %all-- 7#a7 employ a modul> op5 sy/ems ar*itecture t p]mits individual s(tw>e & h>dw>e compon5ts to be updat$1 replac$1 or pat*$ 9 response to id5tifi$ cyb]security vuln]abilities )\t requir+ r$esign ( ! sy/em z a :ole2 7#b7 apply a supply *a9 risk managem5t framework ?r\gh\t ! asset's & compon5t's lifecycles2 7#c7 comply ) ! mo/ curr5t v]sion ( ! ,cyb]security ,framework #b4j publi%$ by ! ,national ,in/itute ( ,/&>ds & ,te*nology & applicable special publications ( ! ,in/itute1 z updat$ f "t to "t1 )\t requir+ am5dm5t ( ?is ,act to con=m to new guidance2 7#d7 include a docum5t$ vuln]ability disclosure policy & a process = receiv+1 triag+1 & pat*+ report$ vuln]abilities )9 def9$ response "t /&>ds e/abli%$ by ! ,secret>y2 & 7#e7 und]go p5etration te/+ by a ,national ,security ,ag5cy-c]tifi$ r$ team n less frequ5tly ?an once e two ye>s foll[+ initial field+1 ) f9d+s report$ to ! ,pr9cipal ,cyb] ,advisor &1 9 summ>y =m1 to ! congressional def5se committees4 7b7 ,exclusion ( cov]$ =eign entities ,no s(tw>e1 h>dw>e1 or s]vice produc$1 provid$1 or op]at$ by an entity on ! ,f$]al ,communications ,commission ,cov]$ ,li/ e/abli%$ "u section #b ( ! ,secure & ,tru/$ ,communications ,networks ,act ( #bjai 7#dg ,u4,s4,c4 #afja71 or on ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,def5se ,cov]$ ,=eign ,entity li/ ma9ta9$ pursuant to section #dhgb ( title #aj1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 may be incorporat$ into any unmann$ sy/em comm& & control framework develop$1 procur$1 or field$ pursuant to ?is ,act4 7c7 ,liv+ /&>ds process ,! ,secret>y %all1 9 coord9ation ) ! ,director ( ! ,national ,security ,ag5cy1 ! ,director ( ! ,cyb]security & ,infra/ructure ,security ,ag5cy1 & ! ,*ief ,in=mation ,(fic] ( ! ,dep>tm5t1 e/abli% a process = review+ & updat+ ! cyb]security /&>ds applicable to a framework develop$ pursuant to ?is ,act on a recurr+ basis ( n less ?an once e #ah mon?s1 to ensure su* /&>ds rema9 curr5t ) ! evolv+ ?reat environm5t & applicable ,f$]al /&>ds )\t requir+ legislative action4 #f4 ,coord9ation ) exi/+ ,dep>tm5t ( ,def5se programs 7a7 ,requir$ coord9ation ,9 conduct+ ! assessm5t requir$ "u section #b1 ! ,secret>y %all ensure t ! unmann$ sy/em comm& & control framework "u consid]ation is assess$ = compatibility ) all curr5t ,dep>tm5t comm& & control mod]nization programs ( record1 z designat$ by ! ,secret>y at ! "t ( ! assessm5t4 ,! ,secret>y %all update ?is assessm5t z ! portfolio ( su* programs evolves1 ensur+ t recomm5dations rema9 curr5t ) ! ,dep>tm5t's comm& & control mod]nization activities reg>dless ( *anges 9 program names1 /ructures1 or priorities4 7b7 ,avoidance ( duplication ,9 develop+ recomm5dations "u section #b1 ! ,secret>y %all assess :e!r exi/+ programs ( record id5tifi$ "u subsection 7a7 c be ext5d$ or adapt$ to provide ! unmann$ sy/em comm& & control capability describ$ 9 ?is ,act )\t develop+ a :olly new sy/em & %all include 9 ! f9al report a det]m9ation z to :e!r su* ext5sion or adaptation is te*nically feasible & op]ationally pref]able4 7c7 ,dome/ic unmann$ aircraft sy/ems indu/rial base compatibility ,! ,secret>y %all ensure t ! assessm5t & any recomm5d$ framework acc\nt = ! dome/ic small unmann$ aircraft sy/ems indu/rial base rem$iation ef=ts und]tak5 pursuant to section #iad ( ! ,national ,def5se ,au?orization ,act = ,fiscal ,ye> #bjbf 7#aj ,u4,s4,c4 #dhaa note71 includ+ ensur+ t unmann$ aircraft sy/ems plat=ms produc$ ?r\gh ^? programs are compatible ) any recomm5d$ comm& & control framework4 #g4 ,%>+ ( f9d+s ) ! ,f$]al ,aviation ,adm9i/ration 7a7 ,transmission ( f9d+s ,n lat] ?an ! date t is #cj days aft] ! date ( ! submittal ( ! f9al report "u section #d7;b71 ! ,secret>y %all transmit to ! ,adm9i/rator ( ! ,f$]al ,aviation ,adm9i/ration an unclassifi$ summ>y ( ! f9d+s & recomm5dations includ$ 9 ! report1 ) p>ticul> att5tion to f9d+s reg>d+-- 7#a7 op5 ar*itecture & modul> design pr9ciples applicable to unmann$ sy/em comm& & control sy/ems2 7#b7 cyb]security /&>ds & frameworks evaluat$ or recomm5d$ = ,dep>tm5t unmann$ aircraft sy/ems comm& & control sy/ems t may h applicability to civil unmann$ aircraft sy/ems traffic managem5t infra/ructure2 7#c7 te*nical /&>ds & int]face specifications t c\ld support int]op]ability betwe5 milit>y & civil unmann$ aircraft sy/ems op]ations 9 %>$ airspace2 & 7#d7 lessons le>n$ f sy/ems ( alli$ & p>tn] c\ntries ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 reg>d+ ! integration ( milit>y1 comm]cial1 & civil unmann$ aircraft sy/ems op]ations )9 a unifi$ airspace managem5t framework4 7b7 ,purpose ,! purpose ( subsection 7a7 is to in=m any ,f$]al ,aviation ,adm9i/ration plann+1 rulemak+1 or feasibility assessm5t relat$ to civil unmann$ aircraft sy/em traffic managem5t1 beyond visual l9e ( sight op]ations1 or national airspace integration1 includ+ any activities und]tak5 pursuant to a feasibility assessm5t direct$ by ,congress reg>d+ a national unmann$ aircraft sy/ems traffic managem5t sy/em4 ,no?+ 9 ?is section %all be con/ru$ to require ! ,secret>y to disclose any classifi$ in=mation to ! ,adm9i/rator4 7c7 ,f$]al ,aviation ,adm9i/ration response ,n lat] ?an ! date t is #ahj days aft] ! date on :i* ! ,adm9i/rator receives ! summ>y transmitt$ "u subsection 7a71 ! ,adm9i/rator %all submit to ! congressional def5se committees1 ! ,committee on ,comm]ce1 ,sci5ce1 & ,transportation ( ! ,s5ate1 & ! ,committee on ,transportation & ,infra/ructure ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives a writt5 assessm5t ( ! relevance ( su* f9d+s to ,f$]al ,aviation ,adm9i/ration civil unmann$ aircraft sy/ems airspace integration activities & any actions ! ,f$]al ,aviation ,adm9i/ration int5ds to take 9 response4 #h4 ,fund+ ,am\nts obligat$ or exp5d$ by ! ,secret>y to c>ry out ?is ,act %all be d]iv$ f am\nts appropriat$ to ! ,dep>tm5t = rese>*1 developm5t1 te/1 & evaluation4 #i4 ,def9itions ,9 ?is ,act3 7#a7 ,comm& & control framework ,! t]m comm& & control framework means ! s(tw>e ar*itecture1 communications protocols1 data /&>ds1 int]face specifications1 & associat$ h>dw>e t toge!r enable an op]ator or comm&] to task1 direct1 monitor1 & receive data f "o or m unmann$ aircraft sy/ems4 7#b7 ,congressional def5se committees ,! t]m congressional def5se committees has ! mean+ giv5 t t]m 9 section #aja7;a7 ( title #aj1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code4 7#c7 ,dep>tm5t ,! t]m ,dep>tm5t means ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,def5se4 7#d7 ,modul> op5 sy/ems ar*itecture ,! t]m modul> op5 sy/ems ar*itecture has ! mean+ giv5 to t t]m 9 section #ddja7;c7 ( title #aj1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 & means a design approa* 9 :i* key int]faces are def9$ by widely support$ & cons5sus-bas$ /&>ds1 enabl+ compon5ts to be add$1 modifi$1 replac$1 or remov$ ) m9imal impact to ! rema9d] ( ! sy/em4 7#e7 ,op5 ar*itecture ,! t]m op5 ar*itecture means a sy/em design bas$ on publi%$1 cons5sus-develop$ int]face /&>ds t p]mit sy/ems f multiple v5dors to int]op]ate1 & t p]mits compon5ts to be updat$1 replac$1 or add$ )\t r$esign ( ! sy/em z a :ole4 7#f7 ,secret>y ,! t]m ,secret>y means ! ,secret>y ( ,def5se1 unless o!rwise specifi$4