,,ii  #aai? ,,congress  #b;d ,session   
,s4 #dfhc  ,,9 ,,! ,,s5ate ,,( ,,!      
,,unit$ ,,/ates  ,june #d1 #bjbf,mr4    
,kelly 7= himself & ,mr4 ,cotton7       
introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2 :i* 0 read     
twice & ref]r$ to ! ,committee on ,arm$ 
,s]vices  ,a ,,bill  ,to require !      
,secret>y ( ,def5se to assess ! effects 
( artificial intellig5ce integration on 
w>fight] effectiv5ess1 skill ret5tion1 &
 op]ational read9ess1 & = o!r purposes4 
#a4 ,%ort title ,?is ,act may be cit$ z 
! ,w>fight] ,artificial ,intellig5ce    
,read9ess & ,prep>$ness ,act ( #bjbf or 
! ,,w>p ,act ( #bjbf4  #b4 ,assessm5t ( 
artificial intellig5ce effects on       
w>fight] skill ret5tion & op]ational    
read9ess  7a7 ,assessm5t requir$        
,comm5c+ n lat] ?an ,augu/ #a1 #bjbg1 ! 
,secret>y ( ,def5se %all conduct a      
compreh5sive assessm5t ( ! effects on   
human p]=mance ( ! adoption ( artificial
 intellig5ce sy/ems by p]sonnel ( !     
,dep>tm5t ( ,def5se on ! ma9t5ance &    
ret5tion ( ess5tial w>fight] skills4    

7b7 ,coord9ation & lead (ficial ,!      
,secret>y ( ,def5se %all designate a    
s5ior (ficial-- 7#a7 to coord9ate !     
assessm5t & rese>* activities requir$ by
 ?is section2  7#b7 to ov]see !         
integration ( f9d+s "u ?is section into 
! policies ( ! ,dep>tm5t1 ) ! objective 
( maximiz+ bo? artificial               
intellig5ce-enabl$ p]=mance & pr(ici5cy 
9 critical1 h>d-to-recov] skills2 &     
7#c7 :o is au?oriz$ to coord9ate among !
 milit>y dep>tm5ts & relevant def5se    
ag5cies = purposes ( c>ry+ out ?is      
section4  7c7 ,scope ( assessm5t ,!     
assessm5t requir$ "u subsection 7a7 %all
 include ! foll[+3 7#a7 ,id5tification (
 milit>y occupational specialties &     
op]ational roles :]e /ructur$ pr(ici5cy 
managem5t w be mo/ critical to su/a9+   
read9ess alongside artificial           
intellig5ce adoption bas$ on !          
susceptibility to skill atrophy result+ 
f reliance on artificial                
intellig5ce-enabl$ sy/ems z well z spe$ 
& inve/m5ts to recov] su* skill4  7#b7  

,evaluation ( ! conditions "u :i*       
artificial intellig5ce-enabl$ sy/ems    
augm5t w>fight] capability & !          
conditions t call = delib]ate pr(ici5cy 
su/a9m5t measures to pres]ve indep5d5t  
judgm5t & aw>5ess bas$ on ! cognitive1  
op]ational1 & manual skills decl9e among
 p]sonnel :o regul>ly use artificial    
intellig5ce-enabl$ sy/ems comp>$ to     
p]sonnel p]=m+ equival5t tasks )\t su*  
sy/ems4  7#c7 ,id5tification (          
measurable indicators t di/+ui%         
b5eficial skill augm5tation f conditions
 requir+ pr(ici5cy int]v5tion4  7#d7    
,assessm5t ( h[ curr5t tra9+ &          
c]tification programs c be /ructur$ to  
build & su/a9 critical1 h>d-to-recov]   
pr(ici5cy bas$ on a review ( !          
conditions "u :i* reliance on artificial
 intellig5ce sy/ems may contribute to   
ov]reliance1 miscalibrat$ confid5ce 9   
sy/em outputs1 dim9i%$ tru/ 9 indep5d5t 
human judgm5t1 or r$uc$ situation       
aw>5ess4  7#e7 ,evaluation ( :e!r curr5t
 tra9+ programs & c]tification /&>ds    

adequately pres]ve critical w>fight]    
pr(ici5cy = degrad$-mode1 d5i$1 or      
conte/$ op]ational environm5ts1 includ+ 
! adequacy ( prim>y1 alt]nate1 cont+5cy1
 & em]g5cy plann+ frameworks4  7#f7     
,recomm5dations = policies1 tra9+       
protocols1 doctr9e1 acquisition         
requirem5ts1 tal5t managem5t /rategies1 
or read9ess metrics to ensure t         
artificial intellig5ce adoption /r5g!ns 
op]ational read9ess4  7d7 ,rese>*       
activities  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,! (ficial    
designat$ "u subsection 7b7 %all c>ry   
out rese>* activities to support !      
assessm5t requir$ "u subsection 7a71 :i*
 may include controll$ exp]im5ts or     
high-fidelity simulations comp>+        
p]=mance ) & )\t artificial             
intellig5ce-enabl$ sy/ems1 longitud9al  
/udies measur+ skill ret5tion           
trajectories1 full-spectrum p]=mance1 & 
recov]y timel9es1 assessm5t ( op]ator   
confid5ce & decisionmak+ accuracy "u    
simulat$ conte/$ conditions1 &          
developm5t ( /&>diz$ skill su/a9m5t     

metrics applicable across ! ,arm$ ,=ces4
  7#b7 ,coord9ation ,9 c>ry+ out !      
rese>* activities "u p>agraph 7#a71 !   
(ficial designat$ "u subsection 7b7 %all
 coord9ate ) ! foll[+ entities1 z       
appropriate3 7,a7 ,! ,army ,rese>*      
,in/itute = ,behavioral & ,social       
,sci5ces4  7,b7 ,! ,(fice ( ,naval      
,rese>*4  7,c7 ,! ,air ,=ce ,rese>*     
,laboratory ,human ,effectiv5ess        
,directorate4  7,d7 ,! ,*ief ,digital & 
,artificial ,intellig5ce ,(fice4  7,e7  
,! milit>y dep>tm5ts4  7,f7 ,assi/ant   
,secret>y ( ,def5se = ,read9ess4  7,g7  
,su* o!r rese>* entities & op]ational   
comm&s z ! ,secret>y ( ,def5se consid]s 
appropriate4  7#c7 ,rese>* me?odology   
,rese>* conduct$ "u ?is subsection      
%all-- 7,a7 e/abli% basel9e measurem5ts 
( task p]=mance & cognitive capabilities
 prior to artificial intellig5ce sy/em  
use2  7,b7 assess p]=mance *anges dur+  
r\t9e artificial intellig5ce-assi/$     
op]ations2  7,c7 evaluate skill su/a9m5t
 :5 artificial intellig5ce sy/ems are   

remov$ or unavailable2  7,d7 measure    
recov]y timel9es to basel9e pr(ici5cy   
aft] ext5d$ artificial                  
intellig5ce-assi/$ op]ations2 &  7,e7   
id5tify factors t accel]ate or support  
skill su/a9m5t4  7e7 ,reports  7#a7     
,initial report  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,n lat]  
?an "o ye> aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t (   
?is ,act1 ! ,secret>y ( ,def5se %all    
submit to ! congressional def5se        
committees a report on ! assessm5t      
requir$ "u subsection 7a74  7,b7        
,elem5ts ,! report requir$ "u           
subp>agraph 7,a7 %all include ! foll[+3 
7i7 ,an id5tification ( milit>y         
occupational specialties & op]ational   
roles :]e pr(ici5cy su/a9m5t w be mo/   
critical bas$ on :i* are mo/ vuln]able  
to h>d-to-recov] skill atrophy4  7ii7   
,prelim9>y f9d+s f controll$ op]ational 
exp]im5ts & ! design ( longitud9al      
/udies "u subsection 7d77#a74  7iii7 ,an
 assessm5t ( opportunities to /r5g!n    
read9ess bas$ on id5tification (        
high-level risks to pr(ici5cy bas$ on   

curr5t or plann$ artificial intellig5ce 
deploym5t practices4  7iv7 ,recomm5d$   
*anges to policies1 tra9+1 doctr9e1 or  
acquisition requirem5ts to optimize     
human & artificial intellig5ce          
integration4  7v7 ,recomm5dations =     
updates1 id5tifi$ z ne>- or long-t]m 9  
nature1 to exi/+ tra9+ programs1        
c]tification /&>ds1 & op]ational doctr9e
 to build & su/a9 critical &            
h>d-to-recov] pr(ici5cies &             
id5tification ( ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,def5se   
compon5t or (fice be/ position$ to      
implem5t ea* su* recomm5dation4  7vi7   
,an id5tification ( any additional      
au?orities1 res\rces1 rese>* p>tn]%ips )
 academic in/itutions or f$]ally fund$  
rese>* & developm5t c5t]s1 or te*nical  
exp]tise ne$$ to conduct ! rese>*       
activities describ$ 9 subsection 7d74   
7#b7 ,longitud9al /udy report  7,a7 ,9  
g5]al ,n lat] ?an ?ree ye>s aft] ! date 
( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 ! ,secret>y (  
,def5se %all submit to ! congressional  
def5se committees a report conta9+ !    

f9d+s ( ! longitud9al /udies conduct$ "u
 subsection 7d77#a74  7,b7 ,elem5ts ,!  
report requir$ "u subp>agraph 7,a7 %all 
include ! foll[+3 7i7 ,an id5tification 
( measur$ rates ( ret5tion & atrophy (  
h>d-to-recov] skills across diff]5t     
milit>y occupational specialties &      
op]ational contexts4  7ii7 ,an assessm5t
 ( skill recov]y trajectories & ! "t    
requir$ to re/ore basel9e pr(ici5cy4    
7iii7 ,an evaluation ( degrad$-mode     
p]=mance outcomes "u simulat$ conte/$   
conditions4  7iv7 ,updat$ recomm5dations
 = policies1 tra9+ protocols1 doctr9e1  
acquisition requirem5ts1 or read9ess    
metrics bas$ on rese>* f9d+s4  7v7 ,any 
update to ! recomm5dations made "u      
p>agraph 7#a77;,b77v74  7f7 ,brief+s    
7#a7 ,initial brief+ ,n lat] ?an #ij    
days aft] ! submittal ( ! initial report
 "u subsection 7e77#a71 ! ,secret>y (   
,def5se %all provide to ! congressional 
def5se committees a brief+ on ! f9d+s & 
recomm5dations conta9$ 9 su* report4    
7#b7 ,longitud9al /udy brief+ ,n lat]   

?an #ij days aft] ! submittal ( !       
longitud9al /udy report "u subsection   
7e77#b71 ! ,secret>y ( ,def5se %all     
provide to ! congressional def5se       
committees a brief+ on ! f9d+s &        
recomm5dations conta9$ 9 su* report4    
7g7 ,review ( tra9+ & doctr9e ,!        
,secret>y ( ,def5se %all assess :e!r    
exi/+ tra9+ programs1 c]tification      
/&>ds1 & op]ational doctr9e adequately  
acc\nt = ! effects ( artificial         
intellig5ce-enabl$ sy/ems on skill      
ret5tion & degrad$-mode p]=mance & %all 
include 9 ! reports requir$ "u          
subsection 7e7-- 7#a7 recomm5dations =  
updates1 z appropriate1 id5tifi$ z      
ne>-t]m or long]-t]m 9 nature2 &  7#b7  
id5tification ( ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,def5se   
compon5t or (fice be/ position$ to      
consid] implem5tation ( ea* su*         
recomm5dation4  7h7 ,def9itions ,9 ?is  
section3 7#a7 ,artificial intellig5ce   
sy/em ,! t]m artificial intellig5ce     
sy/em has ! mean+ giv5 ! t]m artificial 
intellig5ce 9 section #bch7;g7 ( ! ,john

 ,s4 ,mc,cain ,national ,def5se         
,au?orization ,act = ,fiscal ,ye> #bjai 
7,public ,law #aae-bcb2 #aj ,u4,s4,c4   
#djfa note prec474  7#b7 ,artificial    
intellig5ce-enabl$ sy/em ,! t]m         
artificial intellig5ce-enabl$ sy/em     
means any weapons sy/em1 decision       
support tool1 or op]ational capability t
 incorporates or relies on an artificial
 intellig5ce sy/em4  7#c7 ,congressional
 def5se committees ,! t]m congressional 
def5se committees has ! mean+ giv5 t t]m
 9 section #aja ( title #aj1 ,unit$     
,/ates ,code4  7#d7 ,degrad$-mode       
op]ations ,! t]m degrad$-mode op]ations 
means milit>y op]ations conduct$ :5     
artificial intellig5ce sy/ems or        
support+ infra/ructure are unavailable1 
p>tially functional1 compromis$1 or "u  
adv]s>ial attack4  7#e7 ,prim>y1        
alt]nate1 cont+5cy1 & em]g5cy plann+ ,! 
t]m prim>y1 alt]nate1 cont+5cy1 &       
em]g5cy plann+ means a framework =      
ensur+ cont9uity ( op]ations :5 prim>y  
sy/ems become unavailable1 requir+      

p]sonnel to employ alt]nate approa*es1  
cont+5cy plans1 or em]g5cy proc$ures4