,,ii  #aai? ,,congress  #b;d ,session   
,s4 #dfgf  ,,9 ,,! ,,s5ate ,,( ,,!      
,,unit$ ,,/ates  ,june #c1 #bjbf,mr4    
,m>key 7= himself & ,mrs4 ,capito7      
introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2 :i* 0 read     
twice & ref]r$ to ! ,committee on       
,heal?1 ,education1 ,labor1 & ,p5sions  
,a ,,bill  ,to promote & ensure deliv]y 
( high-quality special education &      
relat$ s]vices to *ildr5 & y\? :o are   
bl9d or visually impair$1 deaf1 h>d (   
he>+1 deafdisabl$1 or deafbl9d ?r\gh    
in/ructional me?odologies meet+ _!      
unique language & le>n+ ne$s1 to enhance
 acc\ntability = ! provision ( su*      
s]vices1 & = o!r purposes4  #a4 ,%ort   
title2 ref]5ces2 table ( cont5ts  7a7   
,%ort title ,?is ,act may be cit$ z !   
,alice ,cogswell & ,anne ,sullivan ,macy
 ,act4  7b7 ,ref]5ces ,except z o!rwise 
expressly provid$1 :5ev] 9 ?is ,act an  
am5dm5t or repeal is express$ 9 t]ms (  
an am5dm5t to1 or repeal (1 a section or
 o!r provision1 ! ref]5ce %all be       
consid]$ to be made to a section or o!r 

provision ( ! ,individuals )            
,disabilities ,education ,act 7#bj      
,u4,s4,c4 #adjj et seq474  7c7 ,table ( 
cont5ts ,! table ( cont5ts = ?is ,act is
 z foll[s3 ,sec4 #a4 ,%ort title2       
ref]5ces2 table ( cont5ts4,sec4 #b4     
,purposes4,sec4 #c4 ,f9d+s4,sec4 #d4    
,def9itions4,title ,i--,,improv+ ,,!    
,,effectiv5ess ,,( ,,special ,,education
 ,,& ,,relat$ ,,s]vices ,,= ,,*ildr5 ,,&
 ,,y\? ,,:o ,,are ,,deaf1 ,,h>d ,,(     
,,he>+1 ,,or                            
,d,e,a,f,d,i,s,a,b,l,e,d,subtitle       
,a--,g5]al ,provisions,sec4 #aja4       
,id5tify+ *ildr5 & y\? :o are deaf1 h>d 
( he>+1 or deafdisabl$4,sec4 #ajb4 ,/ate
 plans4,sec4 #ajc4 ,evaluations4,sec4   
#ajd4 ,individualiz$ education program  
team4,sec4 #aje4 ,consid]ation ( special
 factors4,sec4 #ajf4 ,monitor+4,sec4    
#ajg4 ,cont9uum ( s]vice deliv]y        
options4,sec4 #ajh4 ,te*nical assi/ance 
= p>5ts & educators ( *ildr5 & y\? :o   
are deaf1 h>d ( he>+1 or                
deafdisabl$4,subtitle ,b--,improv+ !    

,effectiv5ess ( ,e>ly ,int]v5tion =     
,deaf1 ,h>d ( ,he>+1 or ,deafdisabl$    
,infants & ,toddl]s & ,_! ,families,sec4
 #aaa4 ,qualifi$ p]sonnel4,sec4 #aab4   
,natural environm5t4,sec4 #aac4 ,cont5t 
( plan4,subtitle ,c--,national          
,activities ,to ,improve ,education (   
,*ildr5 ,) ,disabilities,sec4 #aba4     
,p]sonnel developm5t to improve s]vices 
& results = *ildr5 ) disabilities4,title
 ,,ii--,,improv+ ,,! ,,effectiv5ess ,,( 
,,special ,,education ,,& ,,relat$      
,,s]vices ,,= ,,*ildr5 ,,& ,,y\? ,,:o   
,,are ,,bl9d ,,or ,,visually            
,i,m,p,a,i,r,e,d,subtitle ,a--,g5]al    
,provisions,sec4 #bja4 ,id5tify+ *ildr5 
& y\? :o are bl9d or visually           
impair$4,sec4 #bjb4 ,/ate plans4,sec4   
#bjc4 ,evaluations4,sec4 #bjd4          
,consid]ation ( special factors4,sec4   
#bje4 ,te*nical assi/ance = p>5ts &     
educators ( *ildr5 & y\? :o are bl9d or 
visually impair$4,sec4 #bjf4 ,relat$    
s]vices4,sec4 #bjg4 ,p]sonnel developm5t
 to improve s]vices & results = *ildr5 )

 bl9dness or visual impairm5t4,sec4     
#bjh4 ,cl>ify+ eligible us]s (          
accessible in/ructional                 
mat]ials4,subtitle ,b--,specializ$ ,e>ly
 ,*ildhood ,int]v5tion ,s]vices to      
,infants & ,toddl]s ,:o are ,bl9d or    
,visually ,impaired,sec4 #bji4 ,cont5t (
 plan4,subtitle ,c--,anne ,sullivan     
,macy ,c5t] on ,visual ,disability &    
,educational ,excellence,sec4 #baa4     
,c5t] e/abli%m5t & mission4,sec4 #bab4  
,adm9i/ration2 eligibility2 gov]nance2  
/ructure4,sec4 #bac4 ,activities4,sec4  
#bad4 ,au?orization ( appropriations &  
c>ryov]4,sec4 #bae4 ,relation%ip to o!r 
programs & activities4,title            
,,iii--,,improv+ ,,! ,,effectiv5ess ,,( 
,,special ,,education ,,& ,,relat$      
,,s]vices ,,= ,,*ildr5 ,,& ,,y\? ,,:o   
,,are ,d,e,a,f,b,l,i,n,d,subtitle       
,a--,g5]al ,provisions,sec4 #cja4       
,id5tify+ *ildr5 & y\? :o are           
deafbl9d4,sec4 #cjb4 ,relat$            
s]vices4,sec4 #cjc4 ,/ate plans4,sec4   
#cjd4 ,evaluations4,sec4 #cje4          

,consid]ation ( special factors4,sec4   
#cjf4 ,te*nical assi/ance = p>5ts &     
educators ( *ildr5 & y\? :o are         
deafbl9d4,sec4 #cjg4 ,con=m+            
regulations4,subtitle ,b--,improv+ !    
,effectiv5ess ( ,e>ly ,int]v5tion =     
,infants & ,toddl]s :o are ,deafbl9d &  
,_! ,families,sec4 #caa4 ,cont5t (      
plan4,subtitle ,c--,national ,activities
 ,to ,improve ! ,education ( ,*ildr5 )  
,disabilities,sec4 #cba4 ,p]sonnel      
developm5t to improve s]vices & results 
= *ildr5 ) disabilities2 ensur+         
suffici5t tea*]s ( *ildr5 :o are        
deafbl9d1 int]v5]s1 & e>ly int]v5tion   
speciali/s4  #b4 ,purposes ,! purposes (
 ?is ,act are z foll[s3 7#a7 ,to bett]  
ensure deliv]y ( high quality special   
education & relat$ s]vices to *ildr5 &  
y\? :o are bl9d or visually impair$1    
deaf1 h>d ( he>+1 deafdisabl$1 or       
deafbl9d ?r\gh specializ$ in/ructional  
s]vices & me?odologies design$ to meet  
_! unique language & le>n+ ne$s4  7#b7  
,to bett] ensure deliv]y ( high quality 

e>ly int]v5tion s]vices to *ildr5 & y\? 
:o are deaf1 h>d ( he>+1 deafdisabl$1 or
 deafbl9d1 & _! families1 ?r\gh         
specializ$ s]vices & me?odologies       
design$ to meet _! unique language & o!r
 developm5tal ne$s4  7#c7 ,to fo/] !    
prolif]ation ( rese>* support+ !        
developm5t & evaluation ( effective &   
innovative assessm5ts & in/ructional    
me?odologies consonant ) ! unique le>n+ 
ne$s ( *ildr5 & y\? :o are bl9d or      
visually impair$4  7#d7 ,to enhance     
acc\ntability = ! provision ( su*       
s]vices4  7#e7 ,to support ! developm5t 
( p]sonnel s]v+ *ildr5 & y\? :o are bl9d
 or visually impair$1 deaf1 h>d ( he>+1 
deafdisabl$1 or deafbl9d4  #c4 ,f9d+s   
,congress f9ds ! foll[+3 7#a7 ,:5       
,am]ican au?or1 ,m>k ,twa91 immortaliz$ 
,hel5 ,kell]'s tea*]1 ,anne ,sullivan   
,macy1 ) ! monik] ! miracle work]1 8    
words1 ?\gh meant z praise1 reflect !   
misconception t educat+ individuals )   
disabilities is a ne>ly insurm\ntable   
task requir+ extraord9>y feats p]=m$ by 

gift$ & sa9tly p]sons4 ,r1 ! "w ( tea*+ 
*ildr5 ) disabilities c & does occur :5 
committ$ & qualifi$ b ev]yday special   
educators are prop]ly prep>$ & support$ 
to practice _! pr(essions4 ,yet1 !      
educational sy/ems )9 :i* !y act mu/    
also be held acc\ntable = results4  7#b7
 ,9 #ahag1 ,?omas ,hopk9s ,gallaudet & a
 deaf tea*]1 ,laur5t ,cl]c1 op5$ ! fir/ 
s*ool 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates = deaf /ud5ts--!
 ,am]ican ,s*ool = ! ,deaf--) "y ,alice 
,cogswell z its fir/ pupil4 ,ultimately 
! s*ool grew into a national in/itution 
& ! "m ( _m o!r s*ools4 ,z ,alice       
demon/rat$1 deaf1 h>d ( he>+1 or        
deafdisabl$ *ildr5 c le>n & a*ieve to   
high levels :5 !y h full access to      
language1 are taught by pr(essionals )  
specializ$ tra9+1 & h access to         
educational placem5ts t recognize &     
provide = _! language1 social-emotional1
 & academic ne$s4  7#c7 ,deaf1 h>d (    
he>+1 & deafdisabl$ *ildr5 :o are       
id5tifi$ e>ly & receive appropriate e>ly
 int]v5tion f specializ$1 qualifi$      

provid]s a*ieve high] academic &        
language outcomes4 ,h[ev]1 z ( ! date ( 
enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 e>ly int]v5tion    
s]vices (t5 are limit$ to "o language1  
_m *ildr5 are lo/ to foll[-up1 & !re are
 sev]e %ortages ( specializ$ e>ly       
int]v5tion pr(essionals1 result+ 9 _m   
deaf1 h>d ( he>+1 & deafdisabl$ *ildr5 n
 rea*+ _! appropriate mile/ones &       
exp]i5c+ language deprivation1 impact+  
_! full lives4  7#d7 ,rese>* demon/rates
 t *ildr5 & y\? :o are bl9d or visually 
impair$ are among ! highe/ p]=m+ /ud5ts 
) disabilities 9 t]ms ( academic        
a*ievem5t1 & yet !y are among ! lea/    
employ$1 ev5 aft] successful            
accompli%m5t ( po/second>y academic     
objectives4  7#e7 ,likewise1 *ildr5 &   
y\? :o are deafbl9d h ! same capacity to
 le>n & a*ieve z any o!r *ildr54 ,h[ev]1
 !y mu/ h ongo+ access to ! same        
environm5tal & educational in=mation t  
_! sight$ & he>+ pe]s c access          
automatically4 ,^! *ildr5 require direct
 le>n+ exp]i5ces1 includ+ h&s-on        

exp]i5ces & int5se involvem5t 9         
educational r\t9es & activities4 ,!y mu/
 receive specializ$ direct in/ruction 9 
_! accessible language 9 a range (      
academic & functional areas4  7#f7      
,*ildr5 & y\? :o are deaf1 h>d ( he>+1  
deafdisabl$1 or deafbl9d require m      
language access & support to acquire    
skills ?an !y are1 z ( ! date ( enactm5t
 ( ?is ,act1 pr$om9antly receiv+ 9 local
 s*ool di/ricts /ruggl+ to f9d qualifi$ 
p]sonnel1 s t su* individuals risk      
exp]i5c+ language deprivation4 ,x has   
be5 ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,education's position 
s9ce #aiib t any educational sett+ t    
does n meet ! communication & relat$    
ne$s ( a *ild :o is deaf does n all[ = !
 provision ( a ,free ,appropriate       
,public ,education & _c be consid]$ !   
,lea/ ,re/rictive ,environm5t = t *ild4 
7#g7 ,moreov]1 a pr9cipal way t sight$ &
 he>+ *ildr5 & y\? acquire k & skills is
 ?r\gh incid5tal le>n+1 naturally obs]v+
 o!rs & ! environm5t4 ,deficits 9       
incid5tal le>n+ leave *ildr5 & y\? )    

s5sory disabilities beh9d 9 an array (  
skill areas4 ,9 addition to core        
academics1 deaf1 h>d ( he>+1 &          
deafdisabl$ *ildr5 & y\?1 = example1 mu/
 also receive specializ$ in/ruction &   
s]vices design$ to maximize _! capacity 
to le>n effectively & live productively 
& indep5d5tly4 ,simil>ly1 *ildr5 & y\?  
:o are bl9d or visually impair$ mu/ also
 receive in/ruction 9 ! exp&$ core      
curriculum1 a compreh5sive array (      
specializ$ in/ruction & s]vices maximiz+
 ! capacity ( *ildr5 & y\? :o are bl9d  
or visually impair$ to le>n effectively 
& live productively & indep5d5tly4  7#h7
 ,! widespread use by ,/ates ( !        
,individuals ) ,disabilities ,education 
,act's disability categories has l$ to a
 sizable und]c\nt ( *ildr5 & y\? )      
s5sory disabilities &1 consequ5tly1 a   
lack ( recognition ( ! ext5t ( ! sy/emic
 ne$ = ! deliv]y ( appropriate          
in/ructional s]vices meet+ _! unique    
ne$s4 ,?is occurs 9 l>ge measure because
 *ildr5 & y\? ) s5sory disabilities :o  

also h additional disabilities are      
frequ5tly =mally classifi$ z hav+       
multiple disabilities4 ,consequ5tly1 _! 
vision1 he>+1 or concomitant vision &   
he>+ disabilities & relat$ support ne$s 
are n fully ackn[l$g$4  7#i7 ,x also mu/
 be ackn[l$g$ & recogniz$ t ! population
 ( deaf1 h>d ( he>+1 or deafdisabl$     
*ildr5 & y\? is inh]5tly div]se1 ) #ee  
p]c5t or m be+ *ildr5 ( color4 ,9       
contra/1 less ?an #aj p]c5t ( p]sonnel1 
includ+ tea*]s ( deaf1 h>d ( he>+1 or   
deafdisabl$ *ildr5 & y\?1 & int]pret]s1 
are p ( color4  7#aj7 ,qualifi$ tea*]s (
 ! deafbl9d are ne$$ to assi/ *ildr5 &  
y\? :o are deafbl9d 9 s*ools &          
s*ool-relat$ activities4 ,also ne$$ are 
qualifi$ int]v5]s1 :o "w "o-to-"o )     
*ildr5 & y\? :o are deafbl9d & :o h     
tra9+ & specializ$ skills 9             
deafbl9dness4 ,int]v5]s play a critical 
role 9 ! provision ( a ,free &          
,appropriate ,public ,education = *ildr5
 & y\? :o are deafbl9d1 because !y      
provide access to ! in=mation ne$$ =    

le>n+ & conceptual und]/&+1 facilitate  
communication developm5t1 & promote     
social & emotional well-be+4  7#aa7 ,a  
national res\rce 9 bl9dness & visual    
impairm5t is ne$$-- 7,a7 to supplem5t ! 
"w ( ,/ate & local educational ag5cies  
?r\gh /ud5t enri*m5t activities2  7,b7  
to support tea*]s ( *ildr5 & y\? :o are 
bl9d or visually impair$ & relat$       
s]vices p]sonnel ?r\gh /ate-(-!-art     
cont9u+ education opportunities2 &  7,c7
 to spur ! fur!r advancem5t (           
in/ructional s]vices = *ildr5 & y\? :o  
are bl9d or visually impair$ ?r\gh      
sci5tific rese>* & evid5ce-bas$ be/     
practices4  #d4 ,def9itions ,= purposes 
( ?is ,act3 7#a7 ,! t]m deafbl9d1 :5    
appli$ to an individual1 means !        
individual has concomitant he>+ & visual
 impairm5ts1 ! comb9ation ( :i*-- 7,a7  
prev5ts access to in=mation2  7,b7      
causes sev]e communication *all5ges2    
7,c7 int]f]es ) social & emotional      
well-be+2 &  7,d7 impacts o!r           
developm5tal areas 9 a mann] t adv]sely 

affect a *ild's educational p]=mance    
7includ+ *ildr5 :o are deafbl9d )       
additional disabilities74  7#b7 ,! t]m  
deafdisabl$1 :5 appli$ to an individual1
 means ! individual is deaf & also has  
at lea/ "o o!r disability1 b excludes   
individuals :o are deafbl9d4  ,i        
,,improv+ ,,! ,,effectiv5ess ,,(        
,,special ,,education ,,& ,,relat$      
,,s]vices ,,= ,,*ildr5 ,,& ,,y\? ,,:o   
,,are ,,deaf1 ,,h>d ,,( ,,he>+1 ,,or    
,,deafdisabl$  ,a ,g5]al ,provisions    
#aja4 ,id5tify+ *ildr5 & y\? :o are     
deaf1 h>d ( he>+1 or deafdisabl$  7a7   
,s]v+ all *ildr5 :o are deaf1 h>d (     
he>+1 or deafdisabl$ reg>dless (        
classification ,section #fab7;a77#c7    
7#bj ,u4,s4,c4 #adab7;a77#c77 is am5d$  
at ! end by add+ ! foll[+3  7,c7 ,s]v+  
*ildr5 :o are deaf1 h>d ( he>+1 or      
deafdisabl$ ,:5 a ,/ate classifies      
*ildr5 by disability1 ! ,/ate1 9 comply+
 ) subsection 7a7-- 7i7 id5tifies1      
locates & evaluates *ildr5 :o are deaf1 
h>d ( he>+1 or deafdisabl$ :o are1 or   

may be1 classifi$ 9 a disability        
category o!r ?an deaf1 h>d ( he>+1 or   
deafdisabl$2  7ii7 provides 7)\t        
prejudice to su* classification7 special
 education & relat$ s]vices to su*      
*ildr51 includ+ ! specific s]vices      
det]m9$ appropriate bas$ on prop]       
evaluation z w\ld be provid$ to *ildr5  
classifi$ 9 ! ,/ate z deaf or h>d (     
he>+2 &  7iii7 ceases to use vague o!r  
t]m9ology1 su* z he>+ impair$1 section  
#ejd /ud5t1 or hav+ a communication     
disord]4  4  7b7 ,data collection &     
report+ ,section #fah 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4    
#adah7 is am5d$-- 7#a7 by /rik+         
subsection 7a77#a77;,a77iii7 & ins]t+ ! 
foll[+3  7iii7 ,9 sep>ate classes1      
sep>ate s*ools or facilities1 or public 
or private resid5tial facilities1 ) !   
exception ( deaf1 h>d ( he>+1           
deafdisabl$1 & deafbl9d /ud5ts due to _!
 be+ l[-incid5ce & b5efit+ f specializ$ 
language in/ruction & access4  2  7#b7 9
 subsection 7c71 by ins]t+ & fund+ to   
appropriate entities aft] ,/ates2 &     

7#c7 by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7e7    
,acc\nt+ = *ildr5 :o are deaf1 h>d (    
he>+1 or deafdisabl$ ,9 addition to !   
o!r data collection & report+           
requirem5ts ( ?is section & subject to  
su* provisions1 ! ,/ate & ! ,secret>y ( 
! ,int]ior %all1 ) respect to *ildr5    
classifi$ 9 a disability category o!r   
?an he>+ impairm5t or deafness1 include 
! numb] & p]c5tage ( su* *ildr5 9 ea*   
disability category :o are also deaf1   
h>d ( he>+1 or deafdisabl$ & _! av5ue ( 
access to ,am]ican ,sign ,language1 :e!r
 x be via an int]pret]1 a tea*] ( !     
deaf1 or expressly waiv$ by ! p>5ts4  4 
7c7 ,*ild ) a disability ,section       
#fjb7c77;,a77i7 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4          
#adja7c77;,a77i77 is am5d$-- 7#a7 by    
ins]t+ :o is deaf1 h>d ( he>+1 or       
deafdisabl$ or be=e ) intellectual      
disabilities12 &  7#b7 by /rik+ he>+    
impairm5ts 7includ+ deafness714  #ajb4  
,/ate plans ,section #fab 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4
 #adab7 is am5d$ by add+ at ! end !     
foll[+3  7g7 ,add5dum conc]n+ *ildr5 :o 

are deaf1 h>d ( he>+1 or deafdisabl$    
7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,not)/&+ ! provisions (   
subsection 7c71 a ,/ate %all n be       
det]m9$ to be 9 compliance ) ?is section
 unless1 n lat] ?an #b ye>s aft] ! date 
( ! enactm5t ( ! ,alice ,cogswell &     
,anne ,sullivan ,macy ,act1 ! ,/ate     
files ) ! ,secret>y a writt5 add5dum to 
! plan requir$ by ?is section describ+  
h[ ! ,/ate ensures t-- 7,a7 *ildr5 :o   
are deaf1 h>d ( he>+1 or deafdisabl$    
7reg>dless ( ! ,/ate's use ( disability 
categories or ! ext5t to :i* deaf or h>d
 ( he>+ *ildr5 may be classifi$ 9       
disability categories o!r ?an he>+      
impairm5t or deafness7 are evaluat$ by  
qualifi$ pr(essionals1 us+ valid &      
reliable assessm5ts1 = su* *ildr5's ne$ 
= in/ruction & s]vices meet+ _! unique  
language1 lit]acy1 academic1 social &   
relat$ le>n+ ne$s1 includ+ in/ruction   
:i* may be ne$$ by *ildr5 )\t           
disabilities or ) o!r disabilities b :i*
 mu/ be specifically design$1 modifi$1  
or deliv]$ to meet ! unique language &  

academic & relat$ le>n+ ne$s ( *ildr5 :o
 are deaf1 h>d ( he>+1 or deafdisabl$2  
7,b7 !re is suffici5t availability (    
p]sonnel )9 ! ,/ate qualifi$ to provide 
! evaluation & in/ruction describ$ 9    
subp>agraph 7,a7 to all *ildr5 )9 !     
,/ate requir+ su* in/ruction2 &  7,c7   
all *ildr5 :o are deaf1 h>d ( he>+1 or  
deafdisabl$ )9 ! ,/ate :o ne$ special   
education & relat$ s]vices receive      
in/ruction 9 ,am]ican ,sign ,language   
unless expressly waiv$ by ! *ild's p>5ts
 & are n be+ s]v$ solely 9 accordance ) 
section #ejd ( ! ,rehabilitation ,act ( 
#aigc 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #gid74  7#b7       
,cont5ts ,9 prep>+ ! add5dum describ$ 9 
p>agraph 7#a71 ! ,/ate %all-- 7,a7      
specifically address h[ ! ,/ate meets ! 
ne$s ( deaf1 h>d ( he>+1 & deafdisabl$  
/ud5ts to support appropriate1          
measurable progress 9 language          
developm5t1 includ+ ,am]ican ,sign      
,language & writt5 language ) or )\t    
spee* !rapy1 & includ+ ! provision (    
s*ool-relat$ opportunities = direct     

int]actions ) pe]s & pr(essional        
p]sonnel 9 ! *ild's language &          
opportunities = direct in/ruction 9 !   
*ild's language1 z well z in/ruction 9  
audiology1 age appropriate c>e]         
education1 language1 social skills1     
functional skills = academic success1   
self-det]m9ation & advocacy 7includ+    
prep>ation = transition to "w or high]  
education71 social emotional skills1    
te*nology1 & support = ! /ud5t ?r\gh    
family education2 &  7,b7 consult )     
individuals & organizations ) exp]tise 9
 ! education ( *ildr5 :o are deaf1 h>d (
 he>+1 or deafdisabl$1 includ+ p>5ts1   
s*ools = ! deaf1 consum] & advocacy     
organizations1 ,/ate commissions ( !    
deaf1 rese>*]s1 tea*]s ( /ud5ts :o are  
deaf1 h>d ( he>+1 or deafdisabl$ & o!rs 
! ,/ate may id5tify4  4  #ajc4          
,evaluations  7a7 ,evaluation proc$ures 
,section #fad7;b7 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4        
#adad7;b77 is am5d$ by add+ at ! end !  
foll[+3  7#g7 ,*ildr5 :o are deaf1 h>d (
 he>+1 or deafdisabl$  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,9 

conduct+ ! assessm5ts prescrib$ 9       
p>agraph 7#c77;,b71 *ildr5 :o are deaf1 
h>d ( he>+1 or deafdisabl$ %all be      
evaluat$ on language pr(ici5cy levels1  
includ+ expressive1 receptive1 &        
pragmatic skills1 & ability to access   
grade level cont5t 9 ! /ud5t's prim>y   
language1 includ+ ,am]ican ,sign        
,language1 & if appropriate1 writt5     
language ) or )\t visual supports or    
he>+ assi/ance te*nology4 ,det]m9ation (
 ! ne$ = special education & relat$     
s]vices %all include evaluation ( su*   
*ildr5's unique le>n+ ne$s1 includ+     
opportunities = direct language access1 
)\t an int]m$i>y su* z an int]pret]1 )  
pe]s & pr(essionals 9 ! *ild's prim>y   
language1 includ+ ,am]ican ,sign        
,language &1 if appropriate1 spok5      
language ) or )\t visual supports1 &    
in/ruction :i* may be ne$$ by /ud5ts )\t
 disabilities or ) o!r disabilities b   
:i* mu/ be specifically design$1        
modifi$1 or deliv]$ to meet ! unique    
l+ui/ic ne$s ( /ud5ts :o are deaf1 h>d (

 he>+1 or deafdisabl$4  7,b7 ,cont5t (  
evaluations ,! evaluations describ$ 9   
subp>agraph 7,a7 %all1 at a m9imum1     
include evaluations assess+ ! ne$ =     
s]vices & sett+s to assi/ ! *ild 9      
develop+ or ma9ta9+ age appropriate     
mile/ones 9 ! *ild's prim>y language1   
includ+ ,am]ican ,sign ,language &      
writt5 language ) or )\t spee* !rapy1   
social developm5t1 lit]acy in/ruction1  
in/ruction 9 assi/ive te*nology         
pr(ici5cy1 self suffici5cy &            
self-det]m9ation1 socialization1        
recreation & fitness1 indep5d5t liv+    
skills1 & age appropriate c>e]          
education4  4  7b7 ,individualiz$       
education programs ,section             
#fad7;d77#a77;,a7 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4        
#adad7;d77#a77;,a77 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9   
clause 7i7-- 7,a7 9 subclause 7,,vii71  
by /rik+ & at ! end2  7,b7 9 subclause  
7,,viii71 by /rik+ ! p]iod at ! end &   
ins]t+ 2 &2 &  7,c7 by add+ at ! end !  
foll[+3  7,,ix7 ! project$ date = !     
beg9n+ ( ! s]vices & modifications      

describ$ 9 subclause 7,,iv71 !          
anticipat$ frequ5cy1 location1 &        
duration ( ^? s]vices & modifications4  
2 &  7#b7 by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3    
7iii7 ,rule reg>d+ a s*ool = ! deaf ,if 
a /ud5t is plac$ at a s*ool = ! deaf1 ! 
s*ool may provide docum5tation ( h[ its 
tea*]s are tra9$ specifically to educate
 deaf & h>d ( he>+ /ud5ts1 & z a result1
 w n be requir$ to provide individualiz$
 education plans unless ! /ud5t is      
deafdisabl$4  4  #ajd4 ,individualiz$   
education program team ,section         
#fad7;d77#a77;,b7 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4        
#adad7;d77#a77;,b77 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9   
clause 7v71 by /rik+ 7vi72 & ins]t+     
7vii722  7#b7 9 clause 7vi71 by /rik+ & 
at ! end2  7#c7 by r$esignat+ clause    
7vii7 z clause 7viii72 &  7#d7 by ins]t+
 aft] clause 7vi7 ! foll[+3  7vii7 at ! 
discretion ( ! p>5t or ! ag5cy1 a       
repres5tative ( a ,/ate- op]at$1        
,/ate-support$1 or ,/ate-aid$ s*ool = ! 
deaf2 &  4  #aje4 ,consid]ation (       
special factors ,section                

#fad7;d77#c77;,b77iv7 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4    
#adad7;d77#c77;,b77iv77 is am5d$ to read
 z foll[s3  7iv7 consid] ! l+ui/ic ne$s 
( ! *ild1 & 9 ! case ( a *ild :o is     
deaf1 h>d ( he>+1 or deafdisabl$ provide
 =-- 7,i7 ! *ild's language & access1   
opportunities = direct communications1  
)\t an int]m$i>y su* z an int]pret]1 )  
pe]s & pr(essional p]sonnel 9 ! *ild's  
prim>y language1 includ+ ,am]ican ,sign 
,language &1 if appropriate1 spok5      
language ) or )\t visual supports1      
academic level1 & full range ( ne$s1    
includ+ ensur+ opportunities = direct   
in/ruction 9 ! *ild's language2 &       
7,,ii7 in/ruction-- 7aa7 meet+ ! *ild's 
unique le>n+ ne$s1 includ+ s]vices &    
sett+s to assi/ ! *ild 9 develop+ or    
ma9ta9+ age appropriate language        
mile/ones 9 ! *ild's prim>y language1   
,am]ican ,sign ,language & writt5       
language ) or )\t spee* !rapy1 lit]acy  
in/ruction1 in/ruction :i* may be ne$$  
by *ildr5 )\t disabilities or ) o!r     
disabilities b :i* mu/ be specifically  

design$1 modifi$1 or deliv]$ to meet !  
unique le>n+ ne$s ( *ildr5 :o are deaf1 
h>d ( he>+1 or deafdisabl$2 &  7bb7 t   
includes assi/ive te*nology pr(ici5cy1  
self suffici5cy & self-det]m9ation1     
socialization1 recreation & fitness1    
indep5d5t liv+ skills1 & age appropriate
 c>e] education2 &  4  #ajf4 ,monitor+  
,section #faf7;a7 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4        
#adaf7;a77 is am5d$ by add+ at ! end !  
foll[+3  7#e7 ,enhanc$ monitor+ (       
s]vices = c]ta9 /ud5ts ,9 c>ry+ out !   
responsibilities ( ?is subsection1 !    
,secret>y %all specifically monitor     
compliance ) sections #fab7;a77#c71     
#fab7;a77#e71 #fad7;b71 & clauses 7iii7 
& 7iv7 ( section #fad7;d77#c77;,b71 z   
su* sections are am5d$ by ! ,alice      
,cogswell & ,anne ,sullivan ,macy ,act1 
& %all regul>ly report f9d+s to         
,congress4  4  #ajg4 ,cont9uum ( s]vice 
deliv]y options  7a7 ,ensur+ cont9uum   
availability ,section #fab7;a77#e7 7#bj 
,u4,s4,c4 #adab7;a77#e77 is am5d$ by    
add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7,c7 ,cont9uum 

( alt]native placem5ts ,! ,/ate %all    
ensure t a full cont9uum ( alt]native   
placem5ts is available to meet ! ne$s ( 
*ildr5 ) disabilities = special         
education & relat$ s]vices4 ,su*        
cont9uum %all include in/ruction 9      
regul> classes1 specializ$ classes1     
specializ$ s*ools1 home in/ruction1 &   
in/ruction 9 hospitals & in/itutions1 & 
%all make provision = supplem5t>y       
s]vices 7su* z a res\rce room or it9]ant
 in/ruction7 to be provid$ 9 conjunction
 ) regul> class placem5t4  4  7b7       
,ma9t5ance ( specializ$ s]vices & sett+s
 = /ud5ts ) s5sory disabilities ,section
 #fab7;a77#ah7 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4           
#adab7;a77#ah77 is am5d$ by add+ at !   
end ! foll[+3  7,e7 ,ma9ta9+ a cont9uum 
( placem5t options ,= purposes (        
subp>agraph 7,a71 a ,/ate's closure ( a 
specializ$ s*ool s]v+ *ildr5 :o are bl9d
 or a special s*ool s]v+ *ildr5 :o are  
deaf 7or ! consolidation or m]g] ( su*  
s*ool ) ano!r s*ool71 %all be consid]$ a
 r$uction ( ! ,/ate's f9ancial support =

 special education & relat$ s]vices     
result+ 9 a failure to meet a condition 
on receipt ( assi/ance "u ?is "p4  4    
#ajh4 ,te*nical assi/ance = p>5ts &     
educators ( *ildr5 & y\? :o are deaf1   
h>d ( he>+1 or deafdisabl$ ,section #faf
 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4 #adaf7 is am5d$ by add+ 
at ! end ! foll[+3  7j7 ,ma9t5ance (    
policy guidance conc]n+ ! education (   
*ildr5 :o are deaf1 h>d ( he>+1 or      
deafdisabl$ ,! ,secret>y %all ensure t n
 lat] ?an #a ye> aft] ! date ( !        
enactm5t ( ! ,alice ,cogswell & ,anne   
,sullivan ,macy ,act 7& p]iodically     
!reaft] b n less ?an once e #e ye>s71   
policy guidance conc]n+ ! provision (   
special education & relat$ s]vices to   
deaf1 h>d ( he>+1 & deafdisabl$ *ildr5  
7publi%$ at #eg ,f$4 ,reg4 #dibgd       
7,octob] #cj1 #aiib77 is review$ &      
updat$ 7) p>ticul> att5tion to          
explanation ( relevant am5dm5ts to ?is  
,act or to its implem5t+ regulations7 & 
is publi%$ 9 ! ,f$]al ,regi/]4  4  ,b   
,improv+ ! ,effectiv5ess ( ,e>ly        

,int]v5tion = ,deaf1 ,h>d ( ,he>+1 or   
,deafdisabl$ ,infants & ,toddl]s & ,_!  
,families  #aaa4 ,qualifi$ p]sonnel     
,section #fcb7d77;,f7 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4    
#adcb7d77;,f77 is am5d$--  7#a7 9 clause
 7xi71 by /rik+ & at ! end2  7#b7 9     
clause 7xii71 by add+ & at ! end2 &     
7#c7 by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7xiii7 
tea*]s ( infants & toddl]s ) s5sory     
disabilities2  4  #aab4  ,natural       
environm5t  ,section #fcb7d77;,g7 7#bj  
,u4,s4,c4 #adcb7d77;,g77 is am5d$ to    
read z foll[s3  7,g7 to ! maximum ext5t 
appropriate1 are provid$ 9 natural      
environm5ts--  7i7 includ+ ! home1 &    
community sett+s 9 :i* *ildr5 )\t       
disabilities p>ticipate2 &  7ii7 :i* =  
infants & toddl]s ) s5sory disabilities1
 p>ticul>ly deafness1 bl9dness1 or      
deafbl9dness1 %all include--  7,i7      
specializ$ s*ools1 c5t]s1 & o!r programs
 :]e ! *ild's language1 includ+ ,am]ican
 ,sign ,language & writt5 language ) or 
)\t spee* !rapy1 is ! prim>y language & 
mode ( communication2 or  7,,ii7 any    

s*ool1 c5t] or o!r program or environm5t
 :]e s]vices meet+ ! unique ne$s (      
infants & toddl]s ) s5sory disabilities 
are available2 &  4  #aac4  ,cont5t (   
plan  ,section #fcf7;d7 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4  
#adcf7;d77 is am5d$--  7#a7 9 p>agraph  
7#g71 by /rik+ & at ! end2  7#b7 9      
p>agraph 7#h71 by /rik+ ! p]iod at ! end
 & ins]t+ 2 &2 &  7#c7 by add+ at ! end 
! foll[+3  7#i7 7,a7 9 ! case ( an      
infant or toddl] :o is deaf1 h>d ( he>+1
 or deafdisabl$1 a /atem5t ( ! ongo+    
language assessm5t t w be provid$ to !  
*ild1 language developm5t goals         
comm5surate ) ! *ild's cognitive        
abilities1 ! language access t w be     
provid$1 includ+ docum5tation ( provid+ 
access to ongo+ opportunities = direct  
language le>n+ access to pe]s1 e>ly     
int]v5tion s]vice provid]s1 & o!r       
pr(essional p]sonnel 9 ,am]ican ,sign   
,language &1 if appropriate1 spok5      
language ) or )\t visual supports1 & !  
support & in/ruction t w be provid$ to  
families to le>n & support ! *ild's     

language acquisition & developm5t2  4   
,c ,national ,activities ,to ,improve   
,education ( ,*ildr5 ,) ,disabilities   
#aba4 ,p]sonnel developm5t to improve   
s]vices & results = *ildr5 )            
disabilities  7a7 ,lic5s+ ( educational 
int]pret]s ,section #ffb7;c77#b77;,e7   
7#bj ,u4,s4,c4 #adfb7;c77#b77;,e77 is   
am5d$ to read z foll[s3  7,e7 ,prep>+   
p]sonnel to be qualifi$ educational     
int]pret]s1 z lic5s$ by ! appropriate   
lic5s+ body1 to assi/ 7b n tea* language
 to7 *ildr5 ) l[ incid5ce disabilities1 
p>ticul>ly deaf1 h>d ( he>+1 &          
deafdisabl$ *ildr51 9 s*ool &           
s*ool-relat$ activities1 & deaf1 h>d (  
he>+1 & deafdisabl$ infants1 toddl]s1 & 
pres*ool *ildr5 9 e>ly int]v5tion &     
pres*ool programs1 except t ?is         
subp>agraph %all n be con/ru$ to        
au?orize ! replacem5t ( ! ess5tial      
s]vice ( an int]pret] by o!r p]sonnel   
7includ+ replacem5t by a communication  
facilitator74  4  7b7 ,ensur+ suffici5t 
tea*]s ( ! deaf & e>ly int]v5tion       

speciali/s ,section #ffb7;c77#b7 7#bj   
,u4,s4,c4 #adfb7;c77#b77 is am5d$-- 7#a7
 by r$esignat+ subp>agraphs 7,f7 & 7,g7 
z subp>agraphs 7,g7 & 7,h71             
respectively2 &  7#b7 by ins]t+ aft]    
subp>agraph 7,e7 ! foll[+3  7,f7 ,prep>+
 p]sonnel to be qualifi$ tea*]s ( ! deaf
 & e>ly int]v5tion speciali/s1 to assi/ 
*ildr5 ) l[ incid5ce disabilities1      
p>ticul>ly deaf1 h>d ( he>+1 &          
deafdisabl$ *ildr51 to develop age      
appropriate language1 includ+ ,am]ican  
,sign ,language &1 if appropriate1 spok5
 language ) or )\t visual supports1 &   
age appropriate lit]acy skills 9 s*ool &
 s*ool-relat$ activities1 & deaf1 h>d ( 
he>+1 & deafdisabl$ infants & toddl]s & 
pres*ool *ildr5 9 e>ly int]v5tion &     
pres*ool programs4  4  ,,ii ,,improv+   
,,! ,,effectiv5ess ,,( ,,special        
,,education ,,& ,,relat$ ,,s]vices ,,=  
,,*ildr5 ,,& ,,y\? ,,:o ,,are ,,bl9d    
,,or ,,visually ,,impair$  ,a ,g5]al    
,provisions  #bja4 ,id5tify+ *ildr5 &   
y\? :o are bl9d or visually impair$  7a7

 ,s]v+ all *ildr5 :o are bl9d or        
visually impair$ reg>dless (            
classification ,section #fab7;a77#c7    
7#bj ,u4,s4,c4 #adab7;a77#c771 z am5d$  
by section #aja7;a7 ( ?is ,act1 is fur!r
 am5d$ at ! end by add+ ! foll[+3  7,d7 
,s]v+ *ildr5 :o are bl9d or visually    
impair$ ,:5 a ,/ate classifies *ildr5 by
 disability1 ! ,/ate1 9 comply+ ) ?is   
subsection-- 7i7 id5tifies1 locates &   
evaluates *ildr5 :o are bl9d or visually
 impair$ :o are1 or may be1 classifi$ 9 
a disability category o!r ?an bl9dness  
or visual impairm5t2 &  7ii7 provides   
7)\t prejudice to su* classification7   
special education & relat$ s]vices to   
su* *ildr51 includ+ ! specific s]vices  
det]m9$ appropriate bas$ on prop]       
evaluation z w\ld be provid$ to *ildr5  
classifi$ 9 ! ,/ate z hav+ bl9dness4  4 
7b7 ,data collection & report+ ,section 
#fah 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4 #adah71 z am5d$ by  
section #aja7;b7 ( ?is ,act1 is fur!r   
am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7f7   
,acc\nt+ = *ildr5 :o are bl9d or        

visually impair$ ,9 addition to ! o!r   
data collection & report+ requirem5ts ( 
?is section & subject to su* provisions1
 ! ,/ate & ! ,secret>y ( ! ,int]ior     
%all1 ) respect to *ildr5 classifi$ 9 a 
disability category o!r ?an bl9dness1   
include ! numb] & p]c5tage ( su* *ildr5 
9 ea* disability category :o are also   
bl9d or visually impair$4  4  7c7 ,*ild 
) a disability ,section #fjb7c77;,a77i7 
7#bj ,u4,s4,c4 #adja7c77;,a77i771 z     
am5d$ by section #aja7;c7 ( ?is ,act1 is
 fur!r am5d$ by ins]t+ or l[ vision aft]
 bl9dness4  #bjb4 ,/ate plans ,section  
#fab 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4 #adab71 z am5d$ by  
section #ajb ( ?is ,act1 is fur!r am5d$ 
at ! end by add+ ! foll[+3  7h7 ,add5dum
 conc]n+ *ildr5 :o are bl9d or visually 
impair$  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,not)/&+ !       
provisions ( subsection 7c71 a ,/ate    
%all n be det]m9$ to be 9 compliance )  
?is section unless1 n lat] ?an #b ye>s  
aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ! ,alice     
,cogswell & ,anne ,sullivan ,macy ,act1 
! ,/ate files ) ! ,secret>y a writt5    

add5dum to ! plan requir$ by ?is section
 describ+ h[ ! ,/ate ensures t-- 7,a7   
*ildr5 :o are bl9d or visually impair$  
7reg>dless ( ! ,/ate's use ( disability 
categories or ! ext5t to :i* *ildr5 )   
bl9dness or visual impairm5t may be     
classifi$ 9 disability categories o!r   
?an bl9dness7 are evaluat$ = su*        
*ildr5's ne$ = in/ruction & s]vices     
meet+ _! unique academic & relat$ le>n+ 
ne$s1 includ+ in/ruction :i* may be ne$$
 by *ildr5 )\t disabilities or ) o!r    
disabilities b :i* mu/ be specifically  
design$1 modifi$1 or deliv]$ to meet !  
unique academic & relat$ le>n+ ne$s (   
*ildr5 ) bl9dness or visual impairm5t2  
7,b7 !re is suffici5t availability (    
p]sonnel )9 ! ,/ate qualifi$ to provide 
! in/ruction describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,a7
 to all *ildr5 )9 ! ,/ate requir+ su*   
in/ruction2 &  7,c7 all *ildr5 :o are   
bl9d or visually impair$ )9 ! ,/ate :o  
ne$ special education & relat$ s]vices1 
:e!r or n su* *ildr5 h o!r disabilities1
 receive su* in/ruction & are n be+ s]v$

 solely 9 accordance ) section #ejd ( ! 
,rehabilitation ,act ( #aigc 7#bi       
,u4,s4,c4 #gid74  7#b7 ,cont5ts ,9      
prep>+ ! add5dum describ$ 9 p>agraph    
7#a71 ! ,/ate %all-- 7,a7 specifically  
address h[ ! ,/ate meets ! ne$s ( *ildr5
 :o are bl9d or visually impair$ =      
in/ruction 9 ,braille1 pr(ici5t use (   
assi/ive te*nologies 7bo? at home & 9   
s*ool & includ+ l[ vision devices z     
det]m9$ appropriate71 ori5tation &      
mobility 7provid$ & ex]cis$ 9 a v>iety (
 environm5ts includ+ at home1 9 s*ool1 &
 9 community71 self-det]m9ation1 s5sory 
effici5cy1 socialization1 recreation &  
fitness1 indep5d5t liv+ skills1 &       
age-appropriate c>e] education2  7,b7   
describe h[ ! ,/ate w ensure ! prop]    
adm9i/ration ( widely recogniz$ &       
rese>*-bas$ evaluations 7includ+ ,le>n+ 
,m$ia ,assessm5ts1 ,functional ,vision  
,evaluations1 & o!r simil>ly            
well-e/abli%$ evaluation me?odologies & 
tools7 t are adm9i/]$ by ! highe/       
qualifi$ p]sonnel 9 ! ,/ate specializ+ 9

 bl9dness or visual impairm5t2 &  7,c7  
consult ) individuals & organizations ) 
exp]tise 9 ! education ( *ildr5 :o are  
bl9d or visually impair$1 includ+ p>5ts1
 consum] & advocacy organizations1 &    
tea*]s ( /ud5ts ) visual impairm5ts &   
o!rs ! ,/ate may id5tify4  4  #bjc4     
,evaluations ,section #fad7;b7 7#bj     
,u4,s4,c4 #adad7;b771 z am5d$ by section
 #ajc7;a7 ( ?is ,act1 is fur!r am5d$ by 
add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7#h7 ,bl9dness 
or visual impairm5t  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,9   
conduct+ ! assessm5ts prescrib$ 9       
p>agraph 7#c77;,b71 det]m9ation ( ! ne$ 
( *ildr5 :o are bl9d or visually impair$
 7includ+ *ildr5 :o may h additional    
disabilities7 = special education &     
relat$ s]vices %all include evaluation (
 su* *ildr5's unique le>n+ ne$s1 includ+
 ne$s = in/ruction :i* may be ne$$ by   
*ildr5 )\t disabilities or ) o!r        
disabilities b :i* mu/ be specifically  
design$1 modifi$1 or deliv]$ to meet !  
unique le>n+ ne$s ( *ildr5 :o are bl9d  
or visually impair$4 ,su* assessm5ts    

%all also include widely recogniz$ &    
rese>*-bas$ evaluations 7includ+ ,le>n+ 
,m$ia ,assessm5ts1 ,functional ,vision  
,evaluations1 & o!r simil>ly            
well-e/abli%$ evaluation me?odologies & 
tools7 adm9i/]$ by ! highe/ qualifi$    
p]sonnel 9 ! ,/ate specializ+ 9 bl9dness
 or visual impairm5t4  7,b7 ,cont5t (   
evaluations ,! evaluations describ$ 9   
subp>agraph 7,a7 %all1 at a m9imum1     
include evaluations assess+ ! ne$ =     
in/ruction 9 ,braille1 pr(ici5t use (   
assi/ive te*nologies 7bo? at home & 9   
s*ool & :i* includes l[ vision devices z
 det]m9$ appropriate71 ori5tation &     
mobility 7provid$ & ex]cis$ 9 a v>iety (
 environm5ts includ+ at home1 9 s*ool1 &
 9 community71 self-det]m9ation1 s5sory 
effici5cy1 socialization1 recreation &  
fitness1 indep5d5t liv+ skills1 &       
age-appropriate c>e] education4  4      
#bjd4 ,consid]ation ( special factors   
,section #fad7;d77#c77;,b77iii7 7#bj    
,u4,s4,c4 #adad7;d77#c77;,b77iii77 is   
am5d$ to read z foll[s3  7iii7 9 ! case 

( a *ild :o is bl9d or visually         
impair$-- 7,i7 provide = in/ruction 9   
,braille & ! use ( ,braille unless--    
7aa7 ! ,,iep ,team det]m9es 7aft] a     
prop]ly adm9i/]$ ,le>n+ ,m$ia           
,assessm5t1 ,functional ,vision         
,evaluation1 & any additional assessm5t 
adm9i/]$ or ov]se5 by a tea*] ( /ud5ts )
 visual impairm5ts1 includ+ an assessm5t
 ( ! *ild's future ne$s = in/ruction 9  
,braille or ! use ( ,braille7 t         
in/ruction 9 ,braille or ! use (        
,braille is n appropriate = ! *ild2 &   
7bb7 ! p>5t has giv5 specific writt5    
in=m$ p>5tal cons5t2 &  7,,ii7 provide  
in/ruction meet+ ! *ild's unique le>n+  
ne$s1 includ+ in/ruction :i* may be ne$$
 by /ud5ts )\t disabilities or ) o!r    
disabilities b :i* mu/ be specifically  
design$1 modifi$1 or deliv]$ to meet !  
unique le>n+ ne$s ( *ildr5 :o are bl9d  
or visually impair$1 :i* in/ruction     
includes pr(ici5t use ( assi/ive        
te*nologies 7bo? at home & 9 s*ool & :i*
 includes l[ vision devices z det]m9$   

appropriate71 ori5tation & mobility     
7provid$ & ex]cis$ 9 a v>iety (         
environm5ts includ+ at home1 9 s*ool1 & 
9 community71 self-det]m9ation1 s5sory  
effici5cy1 socialization1 recreation &  
fitness1 indep5d5t liv+ skills1 & age   
appropriate c>e] education2  4  #bje4   
,te*nical assi/ance = p>5ts & educators 
( *ildr5 & y\? :o are bl9d or visually  
impair$ ,section #faf 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4    
#adaf71 z am5d$ by section #ajh ( ?is   
,act1 is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! 
foll[+3  7k7 ,ma9ta9+ curr5t policy     
guidance = p>5ts & educators ( *ildr5 :o
 are bl9d or visually impair$ ,!        
,secret>y %all ensure t n lat] ?an #a   
ye> aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ! ,alice 
,cogswell & ,anne ,sullivan ,macy ,act  
7& p]iodically !reaft] b n less ?an once
 e #e ye>s71 policy guidance conc]n+ !  
provision ( special education & relat$  
s]vices to *ildr5 :o are bl9d or        
visually impair$ 7publi%$ at #fe ,f$4   
,reg4 #cfehf 7,june #h1 #bjjj77 is      
review$ & updat$ 7) p>ticul> att5tion to

 explanation ( relevant am5dm5ts to !   
,alice ,cogswell & ,anne ,sullivan ,macy
 ,act or to its implem5t+ regulations7 &
 is publi%$ 9 ! ,f$]al ,regi/]4  4      
#bjf4 ,relat$ s]vices ,section          
#fjb7bf77;,a7 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4            
#adja7bf77;,a77 is am5d$ by ins]t+      
vision rehabilitation !rapy1 aft]       
rehabilitation c\nsel+14  #bjg4         
,p]sonnel developm5t to improve s]vices 
& results = *ildr5 ) bl9dness or visual 
impairm5t ,section #ffb7;c77#b77;,d7    
7#bj ,u4,s4,c4 #adfb7;c77#b77;,d77 is   
am5d$ to read z foll[s3  7,d7 ,prep>+   
p]sonnel to provide ! complete array (  
specializ$ in/ruction & s]vices         
appropriate to *ildr5 :o are bl9d or    
visually impair$ 7includ+ *ildr5 ) ocul>
 or bra9-bas$ visual impairm5t71 includ+
 in/ruction 9 ,braille1 pr(ici5t use (  
assi/ive te*nologies 7bo? at home & 9   
s*ool & :i* includes l[ vision devices z
 det]m9$ appropriate71 ori5tation &     
mobility 7provid$ & ex]cis$ 9 a v>iety (
 environm5ts includ+ at home1 9 s*ool1 &

 9 community71 self-det]m9ation1 s5sory 
effici5cy1 socialization1 recreation &  
fitness1 indep5d5t liv+ skills1 &       
age-appropriate c>e] education to fully 
s]ve & support su* *ildr5 & _! families 
& to improve e>ly int]v5tion1           
educational & transitional results4  4  
#bjh4 ,cl>ify+ eligible us]s (          
accessible in/ructional mat]ials        
,section #fgd7;e77#c77;,a7 7#bj         
,u4,s4,c4 #adgd7;e77#c77;,a77 is am5d$  
to read z foll[s3  7,a7 ,bl9d or o!r    
p]sons ) pr9t disabilities ,! t]m bl9d  
or o!r p]sons ) pr9t disabilities means 
*ildr5 s]v$ "u ?is ,act1 or *ildr5 s]v$ 
by elem5t>y s*ools & second>y s*ools    
pursuant to section #ejd ( !            
,rehabilitation ,act ( #aigc 7z am5d$7  
7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #gid7 & its implem5t+    
regulations1 & :o may qualify 9         
accordance ) ! ,act entitl$ ,an ,act to 
provide books = ! adult bl9d1 approv$   
,m>* #c1 #aica 7#b ,u4,s4,c4 #ace;a2 #df
 ,/at4 #adhg71 to receive books & o!r   
publications produc$ 9 specializ$ =mats4

  4  ,b ,specializ$ ,e>ly ,*ildhood     
,int]v5tion ,s]vices to ,infants &      
,toddl]s ,:o are ,bl9d or ,visually     
,impair$  #bji4 ,cont5t ( plan ,section 
#fcf7;d77#i7 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4 #adcf7;d771 
z am5d$ by section #aac ( ?is ,act1 is  
fur!r am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  
7,b7 9 ! case ( an infant or toddl] :o  
is bl9d or visually impair$1 a /atem5t (
 ! ongo+ developm5tal & educational     
assessm5t t w be provid$ to ! *ild1 e>ly
 int]v5tion s]vice provid]s specializ+ 9
 bl9dness or visual impairm5t 7includ+  
ocul> or bra9-bas$ visual impairm5t71   
in/ruction 9 ,braille 7inclusive ( a    
range ( in/ructional /rategies1 includ+ 
pre-lit]acy tactual exposure to ,braille
 code read+ & writ+71 ori5tation &      
mobility 7provid$ & ex]cis$ 9 a v>iety (
 environm5ts bo? )9 & outside ! home71  
socialization1 s5sory effici5cy1        
exposure to assi/ive te*nologies        
7includ+ l[ vision devices z det]m9$    
appropriate71 self-det]m9ation1         
recreation & fitness1 & age-appropriate 

transitional s]vices1 & ! support &     
in/ruction t w be provid$ to families to
 le>n & support ! *ild's acquisition1   
ret5tion & age-appropriate ma/]y ( !    
in/ruction & s]vices provid$ to su*     
*ild2 &  4  ,c ,anne ,sullivan ,macy    
,c5t] on ,visual ,disability &          
,educational ,excell5ce  #baa4 ,c5t]    
e/abli%m5t & mission  7a7 ,e/abli%m5t   
,!re is e/abli%$ )9 ! ,dep>tm5t (       
,education a national program nam$ !    
,anne ,sullivan ,macy ,c5t] on ,visual  
,disability & ,educational ,excell5ce1  
:i* %all c>ry out ! activities describ$ 
9 section #bac 9 fur!rance ( ! mission  
describ$ 9 subsection 7b74  7b7 ,mission
 ,! mission ( ! program e/abli%$ 9      
subsection 7a7 is to bett] support      
/ud5ts ) visual disabilities receiv+    
special education & relat$ s]vices to   
le>n effectively & live productively &  
indep5d5tly ?r\gh-- 7#a7 developm5t &   
dissem9ation ( curricula1 c\rses1       
mat]ials1 & me?ods support+ ! cont9u+   
education ( p]sonnel qualifi$ "u ,/ate  

law to s]ve z tea*]s ( /ud5ts ) visual  
impairm5ts & relat$ s]vices p]sonnel    
s]v+ su* *ildr52  7#b7 support = !      
e/abli%m5t ( programs )9 in/itutions (  
high] education to prep>e tea*]s (      
*ildr5 :o are bl9d or visually impair$  
to s]ve *ildr5 :o are bl9d or visually  
impair$ :o also h additional            
disabilities2  7#c7 model local1        
regional1 & national enri*m5t projects  
op5 to *ildr5 :o are bl9d or visually   
impair$ int5d$ to supplem5t ,/ate &     
local educational ag5cy provision (     
specializ$ in/ruction & s]vices meet+   
su* *ildr5's unique le>n+ ne$s2 &  7#d7 
rese>* id5tify+1 develop+1 & evaluat+   
valid assessm5ts & effective int]v5tions
 measur+ & address+ ! unique ne$s (     
*ildr5 :o are bl9d or visually impair$1 
includ+ ne$ = in/ruction & s]vices--    
7,a7 :i* may be ne$$ by *ildr5 )\t      
disabilities or ) o!r disabilities b :i*
 mu/ be specifically design$1 modifi$1  
or deliv]$ to meet ! unique le>n+ ne$s (
 *ildr5 :o are bl9d or visually impair$2

 &  7,b7 :i*1 at a m9imum1 %all include 
in/ruction 9 ,braille1 pr(ici5t use (   
assi/ive te*nologies 7bo? at home & 9   
s*ool & :i* includes l[ vision devices z
 det]m9$ appropriate71 ori5tation &     
mobility 7provid$ & ex]cis$ 9 a v>iety (
 environm5ts includ+ at home1 9 s*ool1 &
 9 community71 self-det]m9ation1 s5sory 
effici5cy1 socialization1 recreation &  
fitness1 indep5d5t liv+ skills1 &       
age-appropriate c>e] education4  #bab4  
,adm9i/ration2 eligibility2 gov]nance2  
/ructure  7a7 ,adm9i/ration ,to c>ry out
 ! provisions ( section #baa1 !         
,secret>y ( ,education %all ent] into a 
contract or coop]ative agreem5t 7( no   
less ?an #e ye>s 9 duration7 ) a        
consortium ( entities describ$ 9        
subsection 7b7 :i* %all1 ) ov]sight by !
 ,secret>y1 h prim>y responsibility =   
adm9i/]+ ! program describ$ 9 ?is       
subtitle4 ,! ,secret>y %all h ongo+     
au?ority to ent] into su* contracts or  
coop]ative agreem5ts4  7b7 ,eligibility 
,! consortium ( entities describ$ 9     

subsection 7a7 %all include-- 7#a7 n    
less ?an #a nonpr(it pr(essional        
memb]%ip association :i* bo? op]ates a  
program = accr$itation ( in/itutions (  
high] education prep>+ tea*]s ( *ildr5  
:o are bl9d or visually impair$ or      
ori5tation & mobility speciali/s & :i*  
ma9ta9s a cont9u+ education program     
support+ ! ongo+ pr(essional developm5t 
( su* p]sonnel2  7#b7 n less ?an #a     
national nonpr(it organization1 :i* may 
include a manufactur] ( products or     
publi%] ( mat]ials or a special s*ool or
 c5t] ) demon/rat$ exp]i5ce directly    
s]v+ *ildr5 :o are bl9d or visually     
impair$ 7includ+ /ud5ts :o may or may n 
h additional disabilities72  7#c7 n less
 ?an #a in/itution ( high] education t--
 7,a7 has consi/5tly ma9ta9$ = n less   
?an #aj ye>s a program ( in/ruction     
prep>+ tea*]s ( *ildr5 :o are bl9d or   
visually impair$ or ori5tation &        
mobility speciali/s2 &  7,b7 (f]s a     
program ( doctoral /udy 9 special       
education2 &  7#d7 any o!r entity or    

entities ) :i* ! entities describ$ 9    
p>agraphs 7#a71 7#b71 & 7#c7 *oose to   
p>tn] 7) approval ( ! ,secret>y74  7c7  
,gov]nance  7#a7 ,9 ,g5]al ,z "p ( !    
,secret>y's ov]sight responsibilities1 !
 ,secret>y %all appo9t an advisory bo>d 
7( no m ?an #ab individual memb]s :o d n
 h a concurr5t contractual1 fiscal1     
fiduci>y1 or employm5t relation%ip ) any
 ( ! entities compris+ ! consortium     
describ$ 9 subsection 7b77 :i* %all     
advise ! ,secret>y & su* consortium (   
entities ) respect to /rategic plann+ & 
annual program p]=mance4  7#b7          
,composition ,! advisory bo>d %all be   
compris$ ( individuals ) p]sonal or     
pr(essional exp]i5ce ) ! ne$s ( *ildr5  
:o are bl9d or visually impair$1 & %all 
include p>5ts ( *ildr5 :o are bl9d or   
visually impair$ 7includ+ *ildr5 )      
additional disabilities71 adm9i/rators (
 special education programs 7includ+    
,/ate & local educational ag5cy program 
adm9i/rators71 & repres5tatives (       
national1 regional1 or community-bas$   

organizations ( individuals :o are bl9d 
or visually impair$ & ! pr(essionals :o 
s]ve !m4  7#c7 ,comp5sation ,! ,secret>y
 may comp5sate ! memb]s ( ! advisory    
bo>d = reasonable exp5ses incurr$ =     
travel relat$ to 9-p]son meet+s ( !     
advisory bo>d1 :i* %all occur no m      
frequ5tly ?an #c times )9 a cal5d> ye>4 
7#d7 ,,faca ,! provisions ( ! ,f$]al    
,advisory ,committee ,act %all n apply  
to meet+s or o!r activities ( ! advisory
 bo>d4  7#e7 ,consultation prior to     
appo9tm5t ,prior to ! appo9tm5t ( any   
individual to ! advisory bo>d1 !        
,secret>y %all consult ) su* consortium 
( entities1 :i* may also nom9ate        
individuals to ! ,secret>y = advisory   
bo>d memb]%ip4  7d7 ,/ructure ,!        
,secret>y1 z "p ( ! contract or         
coop]ative agreem5t describ$ 9          
subsection 7a71 %all ensure t su*       
contract or coop]ative agreem5t         
specifies any & all necess>y fiscal &   
o!r responsibilities betwe5 & among !   
entities describ$ 9 subsection 7b7 :om  

%all propose su* responsibilities to !  
,secret>y 9 an application = aw>d ( su* 
contract or coop]ative agreem5t conta9+ 
su* in=mation z ! ,secret>y may require4
  #bac4 ,activities ,subject to !       
provisions ( ?is subtitle1 ! ,anne      
,sullivan ,macy ,c5t] on ,visual        
,disability & ,educational ,excell5ce   
%all-- 7#a7 conduct or fund orig9al     
quantitative & qualitative rese>* &     
publi% or o!rwise dissem9ate su* rese>*2
  7#b7 conduct or fund 9-p]son & onl9e  
cont9u+ education opportunities = tea*]s
 ( *ildr5 :o are bl9d or visually       
impair$ & relat$ s]vices p]sonnel       
specifically tra9$ to meet ! unique     
le>n+ ne$s ( su* /ud5ts1 & prep>e1      
publi% or o!rwise dissem9ate support+   
mat]ials2  7#c7 conduct or fund 9-p]son 
or onl9e enri*m5t projects = *ildr5 :o  
are bl9d or visually impair$ 7includ+ ^?
 :o may also h additional disabilities7 
to (f] direct in/ruction & s]vices      
int5d$ to improve ! capacity ( su*      
/ud5ts to le>n effectively & live bo?   

productively & indep5d5tly = ! purpose  
(-- 7,a7 supplem5t+ ! availability ( su*
 in/ruction & s]vices (f]$ by ,/ate &   
local educational ag5cies2 &  7,b7      
evaluat+1 ?r\gh appropriate quantitative
 & qualitative me?ods1 ! effectiv5ess ( 
in/ruction & s]vices (f]$ by su*        
projects2  7#d7 fund ! e/abli%m5t or    
ma9t5ance ( programs )9 in/itutions (   
high] education prep>+ tea*]s ( *ildr5  
:o are bl9d or visually impair$ & relat$
 s]vices p]sonnel to bett] equip su*    
p]sonnel bo? to provide exp]t in/ruction
 & s]vices to infants & toddl]s )       
bl9dness or visual impairm5t & _!       
families & to provide specializ$        
in/ruction & s]vices to *ildr5 )        
bl9dness & visual impairm5t :o may h    
additional disabilities2 &  7#e7 ent]   
into coop]ative agreem5ts1 contracts1   
grants 7or o!r arrangem5ts :i* may be   
p]mitt$ by ! ,secret>y7 ) nonpr(it      
organizations possess+ demon/rable      
exp]tise & exp]i5ce s]v+ *ildr5 :o are  
bl9d or visually impair$ or !           

pr(essionals tra9$ to "w ) su* /ud5ts1  
in/itutions ( high] education1 ,/ate &  
local educational ag5cies1 public &     
private specializ$ s*ools s]v+ /ud5ts ) 
visual disabilities1 & consortia ( su*  
entities1 = ! purpose ( c>ry+ out       
activities au?oriz$ 9 ?is section t are 
n o!rwise directly conduct$1 9 :ole or 9
 "p1 by ! ,anne ,sullivan ,macy ,c5t] on
 ,visual ,disability & ,educational     
,excell5ce4  #bad4 ,au?orization (      
appropriations & c>ryov]  7a7           
,au?orization ( appropriations ,to c>ry 
out ! provisions ( ?is subtitle1 !re are
 au?oriz$ to be appropriat$ su* sums z  
may be necess>y1 except t appropriations
 made dur+ any fiscal ye> %all be       
ma9ta9$ at ! fund+ level appropriat$ 9  
su* fiscal ye> or increas$ ov] su* fund+
 level = a p]iod ( n less ?an #d        
subsequ5t fiscal ye>s4  7b7 ,c>ryov]    
,funds appropriat$ pursuant to          
subsection 7a7 t h n be5 exp5d$ dur+ !  
fiscal ye> = :i* !y 7 appropriat$ %all  
rema9 available 9 ! subsequ5t fiscal    

ye>1 except t no m ?an #ae p]c5t ( a    
giv5 fiscal ye>'s appropriation may be s
 c>ri$ ov]4  #bae4 ,relation%ip to o!r  
programs & activities  7a7 ,coord9ation 
( rese>* ,! ,secret>y %all ensure t     
rese>* activities au?oriz$ & c>ri$ out  
pursuant to ?is subtitle are conduct$ or
 fund$ 9 coord9ation z appropriate ) !  
,national ,c5t] = ,special ,education   
,rese>* & o!r divisions )9 ! ,dep>tm5t (
 ,education responsible = rese>*        
activities4  7b7 ,relation%ip to s]vices
 (f]$ by ! ,am]ican pr9t+ h\se = ! bl9d 
,no?+ 9 ?is subtitle %all be con/ru$ to 
limit or o!rwise condition ! use ( any  
funds appropriat$ pursuant to ! ,act to 
,promote ! ,education ( ! ,bl9d 7#bj    
,u4,s4,c4 #aja et seq47 & no funds made 
available pursuant to ?is subtitle %all 
be us$ by any ,/ate or local educational
 ag5cy to supplant ! use ( funds        
appropriat$ "u su* ,act4  7c7           
,relation%ip to fund+ = ,national ,c5t] 
on ,deaf-,bl9dness1 ,/ate deafbl9d      
projects1 & ! ,hel5 ,kell] ,national    

,c5t] ,! ,secret>y %all ensure t any    
activities conduct$ or fund$ by ! ,anne 
,sullivan ,macy ,c5t] directly s]v+     
individuals :o are deafbl9d are         
coord9at$ z appropriate ) ! ,national   
,c5t] on ,deaf-,bl9dness1 ,/ate         
deaf-bl9d projects1 & ! ,hel5 ,kell]    
,national ,c5t]4 ,no funds made         
available pursuant to ?is title may be  
us$ to support or supplant activities t 
are o!rwise ! sole responsibility ( !   
,national ,c5t] on ,deaf-,bl9dness &    
,/ate deafbl9d projects pursuant to     
sections #ffc7;c77#h77;,a7 &            
#fhb7;d77#a77;,a7 ( ! ,individuals )    
,disabilities ,education ,act 7#bj      
,u4,s4,c4 #adfc7;c77#h77;,a72 #bj       
,u4,s4,c4 #adhb7;d77#a77;,a774 ,no funds
 made available pursuant to ?is title   
may be us$ to support activities t are  
o!rwise ! sole responsibility ( ! ,hel5 
,kell] ,national ,c5t] or may be us$ to 
supplant funds = su* ,c5t]4  7d7 ,"w    
product ,all matt] produc$ by ! ,anne   
,sullivan ,macy ,c5t] on ,visual        

,disability & ,educational ,excell5ce   
%all be ! prop]ty ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates     
,gov]nm5t1 except t entities compris+ ! 
consortium ( entities describ$ 9 section
 #bab7;b7 %all be individually free1 )9 
! t]ms ( ! contract or coop]ative       
agreem5t describ$ 9 section #bab7;a71 to
 reproduce1 or au?or copyright$         
d]ivative works1 us+ su* matt]4  ,,iii  
,,improv+ ,,! ,,effectiv5ess ,,(        
,,special ,,education ,,& ,,relat$      
,,s]vices ,,= ,,*ildr5 ,,& ,,y\? ,,:o   
,,are ,,deafbl9d  ,a ,g5]al ,provisions 
#cja4 ,id5tify+ *ildr5 & y\? :o are     
deafbl9d  7a7 ,s]v+ all *ildr5 :o are   
deafbl9d reg>dless ( classification     
,section #fab7;a77#c7 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4    
#adab7;a77#c771 z am5d$ by sections     
#aja7;a7 & #bja7;a7 ( ?is ,act1 is fur!r
 am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7,e7 
,s]v+ *ildr5 :o are deafbl9d ,:5 a ,/ate
 classifies *ildr5 by disability1 !     
,/ate1 9 comply+ ) subsection 7a7-- 7i7 
id5tifies1 locates & evaluates *ildr5 ) 
concomitant vision & he>+ losses :o are1

 or may be1 classifi$ 9 a disability    
category o!r ?an deafbl9dness2 &  7ii7  
provides 7)\t prejudice to su*          
classification7 special education &     
relat$ s]vices to su* *ildr51 includ+ ! 
specific s]vices det]m9$ appropriate    
bas$ on prop] evaluation z w\ld be      
provid$ to *ildr5 classifi$ 9 ! ,/ate z 
hav+ deafbl9dness4  4  7b7 ,data        
collection & report+ ,section #fah 7#bj 
,u4,s4,c4 #adah71 z am5d$ by sections   
#aja7;b7 & #bja7;b7 ( ?is ,act1 is fur!r
 am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7g7  
,acc\nt+ = *ildr5 :o are deafbl9d ,9    
addition to ! o!r data collection &     
report+ requirem5ts ( ?is section &     
subject to su* provisions1 ! ,/ate & !  
,secret>y ( ! ,int]ior %all1 ) respect  
to *ildr5 classifi$ 9 a disability      
category o!r ?an deafbl9dness1 include !
 numb] & p]c5tage ( su* *ildr5 9 ea*    
disability category :o are also         
deafbl9d4  4  7c7 ,*ild ) a disability  
,section #fjb7c77;,a77i7 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4 
#adja7c77;,a77i771 z am5d$ by sections  

#aja7;c7 & #bja7;c7 ( ?is ,act1 is fur!r
 am5d$ by ins]t+ deafbl9dness1 be=e     
s]i\s4  #cjb4 ,relat$ s]vices ,section  
#fjb7bf77;,a7 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4            
#adja7bf77;,a771 z am5d$ by section #bjf
 ( ?is ,act1 is fur!r am5d$ by ins]t+ 1 
& int]v5] s]vices1 :i* are provid$ to   
*ildr5 :o are deafbl9d by a qualifi$    
int]v5] aft] = diagno/ic & evaluation   
purposes only4  #cjc4 ,/ate plans       
,section #fab 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4 #adab71 z  
am5d$ by sections #ajb & #bjb ( ?is     
,act1 is fur!r am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! 
foll[+3  7i7 ,add5dum conc]n+ *ildr5 :o 
are deafbl9d  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,not)/&+ !  
provisions ( subsection 7c71 a ,/ate    
%all n be det]m9$ to be 9 compliance )  
?is section unless1 n lat] ?an #b ye>s  
aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ! ,alice     
,cogswell & ,anne ,sullivan ,macy ,act1 
! ,/ate files ) ! ,secret>y a writt5    
add5dum to ! plan requir$ by ?is section
 describ+ h[ ! ,/ate ensures t-- 7,a7   
*ildr5 :o are deafbl9d 7reg>dless ( !   
,/ate's use ( disability categories or !

 ext5t to :i* *ildr5 ) deafbl9dness may 
be classifi$ 9 disability categories o!r
 ?an deafbl9dness7 are evaluat$ by      
qualifi$ pr(essionals1 includ+ tea*]s ( 
! deafbl9d1 us+ valid & reliable        
assessm5ts1 = su* *ildr5's ne$ =        
in/ruction & s]vices t meet _! unique   
language & communication1 lit]acy1      
academic1 social & relat$ le>n+ ne$s1   
includ+ in/ruction :i* may be ne$$ by   
*ildr5 )\t disabilities or ) o!r        
disabilities b :i* mu/ be specifically  
design$1 modifi$1 or deliv]$ to meet !  
unique language & communication1        
academic1 & relat$ le>n+ ne$s ( *ildr5  
:o are deafbl9d2  7,b7 !re is suffici5t 
availability ( p]sonnel1 includ+ tea*]s 
( ! deafbl9d & int]v5]s1 )9 ! ,/ate     
qualifi$ to provide ! evaluation1       
in/ruction1 & s]vices describ$ 9        
subp>agraph 7,a7 to all *ildr5 )9 !     
,/ate requir+ su* in/ruction2 &  7,c7   
all *ildr5 :o are deafbl9d )9 ! ,/ate :o
 ne$ special education & relat$ s]vices1
 :e!r or n su* *ildr5 h o!r             

disabilities1 receive su* in/ruction &  
are n be+ s]v$ solely 9 accordance )    
section #ejd ( ! ,rehabilitation ,act ( 
#aigc 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #gid74  7#b7       
,cont5ts ,9 prep>+ ! add5dum describ$ 9 
p>agraph 7#a71 ! ,/ate %all-- 7,a7      
specifically address h[ ! ,/ate meets ! 
ne$s ( *ildr5 :o are deafbl9d to support
 ongo+ progress 9 language developm5t & 
9 ! *ild's pref]r$ mode ( communication1
 & includ+ ! provision ( s*ool-relat$   
opportunities = direct communications ) 
pe]s & pr(essional p]sonnel 9 ! *ild's  
pref]r$ mode ( communication &          
opportunities = direct in/ruction 9 7b n
 limit$ to7 concept developm5t1         
functional skills = academic success1   
self-det]m9ation & advocacy1            
social-emotional skills1 visual &       
auditory s5sory effici5cy skills1       
ori5tation & mobility1 assi/ive         
te*nology pr(ici5cy1 indep5d5t liv+     
skills1 age-appropriate c>e] education1 
& support = ! /ud5t ?r\gh family        
education2 &  7,b7 consult ) individuals

 & organizations ) exp]tise 9 !         
education ( *ildr5 :o are deafbl9d1     
includ+ p>5ts1 consum]s1 advocacy       
organizations1 national & ,/ate         
organizations focus$ on deafbl9dness1 & 
o!rs ! ,/ate may id5tify4  4  #cjd4     
,evaluations ,section #fad7;b7 7#bj     
,u4,s4,c4 #adad7;b771 z am5d$ by        
sections #ajc7;a7 & #bjc ( ?is ,act1 is 
fur!r am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  
7#i7 ,*ildr5 :o are deafbl9d  7,a7 ,9   
g5]al ,9 conduct+ ! assessm5ts prescrib$
 9 p>agraph 7#c77;,b71 *ildr5 :o are    
deafbl9d 7includ+ *ildr5 :o may h       
additional disabilities7 %all be        
evaluat$ on language & communication    
pr(ici5cy levels1 includ+ expressive1   
receptive1 & pragmatic skills1 & ability
 to access grade level cont5t 9 ! *ild's
 pref]r$ mode ( communication1 includ+  
non-symbolic & symbolic communication & 
tactile sign language4 ,qualifi$        
p]sonnel tra9$ 9 deafbl9dness1 :o       
communicate 9 ! *ild's pref]r$ mode (   
communication1 %all be actively involv$ 

9 assessm5ts & evaluations4 ,!          
requirem5ts includ$ 9 p>agraphs         
7#g77;,a7 & 7#h77;,a7 %all also apply to
 *ildr5 :o are deafbl9d4  7,b7 ,cont5t (
 evaluations ,! evaluations describ$ 9  
subp>agraph 7,a7 %all1 at a m9imum1     
include evaluations assess+ ! ne$ =     
s]vices & supports to assi/ *ildr5 :o   
are deafbl9d 9 develop+ & ma9ta9+       
language & communication skills 9 _!    
pref]r$ mode ( communication1 includ+   
non-symbolic & symbolic communication & 
tactile sign language4 ,o!r areas (     
evaluation = *ildr5 :o are deafbl9d %all
 include ^? f\nd 9 p>agraphs 7#g77;,b7 &
 7#h77;,b74  4  #cje4 ,consid]ation (   
special factors ,section                
#fad7;d77#c77;,b71 z am5d$ by section   
#aje ( ?is ,act 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4          
#adad7;d77#c77;,b77 is fur!r am5d$--    
7#a7 9 clause 7iv71 by /rik+ & at ! end2
  7#b7 by r$esignat+ clause 7v7 z clause
 7vi72 &  7#c7 by ins]t+ aft] clause    
7iv7 ! foll[+3  7v7 9 ! case ( a *ild :o
 is deafbl9d1 provide = ! *ild's        

language & communication ne$s1 includ+  
tactile sign language1 tactile & visual 
adaptations to sign & f+]spell+1 &      
object & tangible symbol sy/ems4 ,!     
requirem5ts includ$ 9 clauses 7iii7 &   
7iv7 %all also apply to *ildr5 :o are   
deafbl9d2 &  4  #cjf4 ,te*nical         
assi/ance = p>5ts & educators ( *ildr5 &
 y\? :o are deafbl9d ,section #faf 7#bj 
,u4,s4,c4 #adaf71 z am5d$ by sections   
#ajh & #bje ( ?is ,act1 is fur!r am5d$  
by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7l7         
,develop+ policy guidance = p>5ts &     
educators ( *ildr5 :o are deafbl9d ,!   
,secret>y %all ensure t n lat] ?an #a   
ye> aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ! ,alice 
,cogswell & ,anne ,sullivan ,macy ,act1 
policy guidance conc]n+ ! provision (   
special education & relat$ s]vices to   
*ildr5 :o are deafbl9d is develop$ 7&   
p]iodically !reaft] b n less ?an once e 
#e ye>s1 updat$7 ) p>ticul> att5tion to 
explanation ( relevant am5dm5ts to ?is  
,act or to its implem5t+ regulations &  
is publi%$ 9 ! ,f$]al ,regi/]4  4  #cjg4

 ,con=m+ regulations ,section #fag 7#bj 
,u4,s4,c4 #adag7 is am5d$ by add+ at !  
end ! foll[+3  7f7 ,n lat] ?an #a ye>   
aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ! ,alice     
,cogswell & ,anne ,sullivan ,macy ,act1 
! ,secret>y %all1 aft] notice & comm5t1 
publi% regulations t provide def9itions 
= deafbl9dness & int]v5] s]vices4  4  ,b
 ,improv+ ! ,effectiv5ess ( ,e>ly       
,int]v5tion = ,infants & ,toddl]s :o are
 ,deafbl9d & ,_! ,families  #caa4       
,cont5t ( plan ,section #fcf7;d77#i7    
7#bj ,u4,s4,c4 #adcf7;d771 z am5d$ by   
sections #aac & #bji ( ?is ,act1 is     
fur!r am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  
7,c7 9 ! case ( an infant or toddl] :o  
is deafbl9d1 a /atem5t ( ! ongo+        
language & communication assessm5t t w  
be provid$ to ! *ild1 language &        
communication developm5t goals          
comm5surate ) ! *ild's cognitive        
abilities1 ! language & communication   
access t w be provid$1 includ+ ongo+    
opportunities = direct language le>n+ & 
communication access to pe]s1 e>ly      

int]v5tion s]vice provid]s1 & o!r       
pr(essional p]sonnel tra9$ 9 ! *ild's   
pref]r$ mode ( communication1 & !       
support & in/ruction t w be provid$ to  
families to le>n & support ! *ild's     
language & communication mode & ! *ild's
 full range ( ne$s4  4  ,c ,national    
,activities ,to ,improve ! ,education ( 
,*ildr5 ) ,disabilities  #cba4 ,p]sonnel
 developm5t to improve s]vices & results
 = *ildr5 ) disabilities2 ensur+        
suffici5t tea*]s ( *ildr5 :o are        
deafbl9d1 int]v5]s1 & e>ly int]v5tion   
speciali/s ,section #ffb7;c77#b7 7#bj   
,u4,s4,c4 #adfb7;c77#b771 z am5d$ by    
section #aba7;b7 ( ?is ,act1 is fur!r   
am5d$-- 7#a7 by r$esignat+ subp>agraphs 
7,g7 & 7,h7 7z r$esignat$ by section    
#aba7;b77#a7 ( ?is ,act7 z subp>agraphs 
7,i7 & 7,j71 respectively2 &  7#b7 by   
ins]t+ aft] subp>agraph 7,f7 7z ins]t$  
by section #aba7;b77#b7 ( ?is ,act7 !   
foll[+3  7,g7 ,prep>+ p]sonnel to be    
qualifi$ tea*]s ( *ildr5 :o are deafbl9d
 & e>ly int]v5tion speciali/s1 to assi/ 

*ildr5 :o are deafbl9d 9 s*ools &       
s*ool-relat$ activities1 z well z       
toddl]s & pres*ool *ildr5 :o are        
deafbl9d 9 e>ly int]v5tion & pres*ool   
programs1 to develop communication &    
lit]acy skills1 to be able to access1   
organize & utilize in=mation ab\t !     
environm5t1 & to acquire concepts       
ess5tial = le>n+4  7,h7 ,prep>+ p]sonnel
 to be qualifi$ int]v5]s z individualiz$
 supports to assi/ *ildr5 :o are        
deafbl9d 9 s*ool & s*ool-relat$         
activities1 & infants & toddl]s &       
pres*ool *ildr5 :o are deafbl9d 9 e>ly  
int]v5tion & pres*ool programs4  4