,,ii  #aaith ,,congress  #ast ,session  
,s4 #cbd  ,,in ,,the ,,senate ,,of ,,the
 ,,united ,,states  ,january #bi1       
#bjbe,ms4 ,rosen 7for herself and ,mr4  
,padilla7 introduced the following bill2
 which was read twice and referred to   
the ,committee on ,commerce1 ,science1  
and ,transportation  ,a ,,bill  ,to     
require the ,under ,secretary of        
,commerce for ,oceans and ,atmosphere to
 carry out pilot projects relating to   
improved subseasonal to seasonal        
forecasting in agriculture and water    
management1 and for other purposes4  #a4
 ,short title ,this ,act may be cited as
 the ,smarter ,weather ,forecasting for 
,water ,management1 ,farming1 and       
,ranching ,act of #bjbe4  #b4 ,weather  
and climate information in agriculture  
and water management ,section #agfb of  
the ,food ,security ,act of #aihe 7#ae  
,u4,s4,c4 #heba7 is amended-- 7#a7 by   
amending subsection 7h7 to read as      
follows3  7h7 ,subseasonal to seasonal  
forecasting pilot projects  7#a7        

,establishment ,the ,under ,secretary   
shall establish not fewer than two pilot
 projects1 in accordance with paragraph 
7#b71 within the ,u4,s4 ,weather        
,research ,program of the ,oceanic and  
,atmospheric ,research office of the    
,national ,oceanic and ,atmospheric     
,administration to support improved     
subseasonal to seasonal precipitation   
forecasts for the following3 7,a7 ,water
 management in the western ,united      
,states4  7,b7 ,agriculture in the      
,united ,states4  7#b7 ,objectives ,in  
carrying out this subsection1 the ,under
 ,secretary shall ensure the following3 
7,a7 ,a pilot project under subparagraph
 7,a7 of paragraph 7#a7 addresses key   
science challenges to improving         
forecasts and developing related        
products for water management in the    
western ,united ,states1 including the  
following3 7i7 ,improving operational   
model resolution1 both horizontal and   
vertical1 to resolve issues associated  
with mountainous terrain1 such as       

intensity of precipitation and relative 
fraction of rain versus snow            
precipitation4  7ii7 ,improving fidelity
 in the operational modeling of the     
atmospheric boundary layer in           
mountainous regions4  7iii7 ,resolving  
challenges in predicting winter         
atmospheric circulation and storm       
tracks1 including periods of blocked    
versus unblocked flow over the eastern  
,north ,pacific ,ocean and western      
,united ,states4  7iv7 ,improving the   
forecast of atmospheric rivers4  7v7    
,improving-- 7,i7 the quality and       
temporal and spatial resolution of      
observations of air-sea interactions2   
7,,ii7 operational modeling of air-sea  
interactions2 and  7,,iii7 operational  
modeling of the influence of oceans on  
subseasonal and seasonal forecasting4   
7,b7 ,a pilot project under subparagraph
 7,b7 of paragraph 7#a7 addresses key   
science challenges to improving         
forecasts and developing related        
products for agriculture in the ,united 

,states1 including the following3 7i7   
,improving the quality and temporal and 
spatial resolution of observations and  
accurate operational modeling of the    
land surface and hydrologic cycle1      
including soil moisture and flash       
drought processes4  7ii7 ,improving     
fidelity in the operational modeling of 
warm season precipitation processes4    
7iii7 ,understanding and predicting     
large-scale upper-level dynamical flow  
anomalies that occur in spring and      
summer4  7#c7 ,activities ,a pilot      
project under this subsection shall     
include activities that-- 7,a7 best     
implement recommendations contained in  
the #bjbj report of the ,national       
,weather ,service1 entitled ,subseasonal
 and ,seasonal ,forecasting ,innovation3
 ,plans for the ,twenty-,first ,century2
  7,b7 achieve measurable objectives for
 operational forecast improvement2  7,c7
 engage with1 and leverage the resources
 of1 institutions of higher education   
7as such term is defined in section #aja

 of the ,higher ,education ,act of #aife
 7#bj ,u4,s4,c4 #ajja771 or a consortia 
thereof1 and entities within the        
,national ,oceanic and ,atmospheric     
,administration in existence as of the  
date of the enactment of this           
subsection1 including ,regional ,climate
 ,centers and the ,national ,centers for
 ,environmental ,information2 and  7,d7 
are carried out in coordination with the
 ,assistant ,administrator for the      
,office of ,oceanic and ,atmospheric    
,research and the ,director of the      
,national ,weather ,service4  7#d7      
,sunset ,the authority under this       
subsection shall terminate on the date  
that is five years after the date of the
 enactment of this subsection4  2 and   
7#b7 by amending subsection 7j7 to read 
as follows3  7j7 ,authorization of      
appropriations ,there are authorized to 
be appropriated #de1jjj1jjj for each of 
fiscal years #bjbe through #bjbi to     
carry out the activities under this     
section4  4