,,ii  #aai? ,,congress  #a/ ,session    
,s4 #baie  ,,9 ,,! ,,s5ate ,,( ,,!      
,,unit$ ,,/ates  ,june #bf 7legislative 
day1 ,june #bd71 #bjbe,ms4 ,baldw9 7=   
h]self1 ,mr4 ,da9es1 & ,mr4 ,lujn7      
introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2 :i* 0 read     
twice & ref]r$ to ! ,committee on       
,bank+1 ,h\s+1 & ,urban ,affairs  ,a    
,,bill  ,to aw>d a ,congressional ,gold 
,m$al1 collectively1 to ! brave wom5 :o 
s]v$ 9 ,_w ,w> ,,ii z memb]s ( ! ,u4,s4 
,army ,nurse ,corps & ,u4,s4 ,navy      
,nurse ,corps4  #a4 ,%ort title ,?is    
,act may be cit$ z ! ,,wwii ,nurses     
,congressional ,gold ,m$al ,act4  #b4   
,f9d+s ,! ,congress f9ds ! foll[+3 7#a7 
,on ,decemb] #h1 #aida1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates 
decl>$ w> aga9/ ! ,empire ( ,japan1     
foll[$ by decl>ations ( w> aga9/ ,g]many
 & ,italy on ,decemb] #aa1 #aida4 ,9    
#aice1 !re 7 few] ?an #fjj ,unit$ ,/ates
 ,army nurses & #a1gjj ,unit$ ,/ates    
,navy nurses on active duty4 ,by ! "t   
,_w ,w> ,,ii end$1 m ?an #ei1jjj ,army  
nurses & #ad1jjj ,navy nurses _h        

volunte]$ to s]ve4  7#b7 ,! ,act ( ,june
 #d1 #aibj 7#da ,/at4 #gei2 *apt] #bbg71
 grant$ wom5 9 ! ,nurse ,corps relative 
rank4 ,?is gave !m ! "r to we> ! milit>y
 insignia1 b did n conf] milit>y /atus  
or privileges4 ,?is arrangem5t meant    
wom5 s]v+ ?r\gh\t ,_w ,w> ,,ii receiv$  
#ej p]c5t ( ! pay z comp>$ to _! male   
c\nt]p>ts1 & none ( ! vet]an b5efits4   
,because !y did n receive milit>y /atus1
 !y receiv$ no ori5tation or tra9+ be=e 
be+ deploy$ to hospitals ne> ! front    
l9es4  7#c7 ,nurses s]v$ "u fire 9 field
 hospitals & evacuation hospitals across
 #f cont95ts1 on hospital tra9s & %ips1 
& z flight nurses on m$ical transport   
planes4 ,sev]al nurses 7 kill$ 9 action 
:5 _! %ips 7 torp$o$ or field hospitals 
7 bomb$4 ,"s ev5 ent]$ into combat areas
 z flight nurses to retrieve ! w\nd$1 & 
#b gr\ps 7 captur$ z prison]s ( w> by ! 
,japanese4  7#d7 ,g5]al ,d\glas         
,mac,arthur ord]$ ,am]ican & ,filip9o   
,army ,corps nurses & o!r m$ical        
p]sonnel to ! ,bataan ,p59sula to prep>e

 #b em]g5cy hospitals = ,unit$ ,/ates & 
,filip9o =ces4 ,g5]al ,hospital ,no4 #a 
receiv$ casualties directly f ! front   
l9es & occupi$ an old ,army b>racks 9   
,limay1 ,bataan prior to implem5tation (
 ,w> ,plan ,orange #c on ,decemb] #bd1  
#aida4 ,! hospital receiv$ m ?an #a1bjj 
battle casualties requir+ major surg]y  
)9 a mon?4 ,g5]al ,hospital ,no4 #b1 a  
make%ift op5 w>d hospital1 0 set up 9   
,cabcab51 ,bataan to receive dis*>g$    
pati5ts f ,hospital ,no4 #a4 ,hospital  
,no4 #b accept$ pati5ts /rong en\gh =   
evacuation1 z x 0 out 9 ! op51 ) no t5ts
 or build+s1 & only tree canopy to      
conceal !m f ,japanese aircraft4 ,due to
 con/ant bomb+1 ,hospital ,no4 #a 0     
transf]r$ to ,little ,baguio 9          
,m>iveles1 ,bataan on ,janu>y #be1      
#aidb4 ,hospital ,no4 #a 0 bomb$ on ,m>*
 #bi1 #aidb1 & aga9 on ,april #g1 kill+ 
or w\nd+ m ?an #ajj pati5ts1 b ! nurses 
c>ri$ on ) _! duties z well z !y 7 able4
 ,fifty-?ree ,am]ican & #ca ,filip9a    
nurses 7 ord]$ to move f ,bataan to     

,corregidor ,isl& on ,april #h4 ,t5 ( ! 
,am]ican nurses 7 transf]r$ successfully
 to ,au/ralia prior to ! fall (         
,corregidor on ,may #f1 #aidb4          
,sixty-sev5 ,am]ican nurses 7 ev5tually 
mov$ to ,santo ,tomas ,univ]sity        
,int]nm5t ,camp :]e !y 7 lib]at$ 9      
,febru>y #aide :ile #ca ,filip9a nurses 
7 mov$ to ,bilibid ,prison :]e !y 7     
conditionally releas$ 9 ,july #aidb4    
7#e7 ,on ,decemb] #aj1 #aida1 ,sangley  
,po9t ,navy ,y>d 0 bomb$ by ,japanese   
planes4 ,am]ican & ,filip9o ,navy ,corps
 nurses1 m$ical p]sonnel & pati5ts (    
,caacao ,naval ,hospital 7 transf]r$ to 
! ,army ,/]nb]g ,hospital 9 ,manila4    
,dur+ ! fir/ week ( ,janu>y #aidb1 !    
,japanese ,army occupi$ ,manila & !     
,navy nurses 7 transf]r$ to ,/4         
,s*ola/ica's ,college ) _! pati5ts &    
ev5tually to ,santo ,tomas ,univ]sity   
,int]nm5t ,camp on ,m>* #ab1 #aidb4     
,elev5 ,am]ican & ,filip9o ,navy ,corps 
nurses 7 transf]r$ to ,los ,baos ,prison
 ,camp on ,may #ad1 #aidc1 :]e !y /ay$  

until _! lib]ation 9 ,febru>y #aide4    
,foll[+ ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,army surr5d] ( 
! ,philipp9es to ! ,japanese on ,may #f1
 #aidb1 #fg ,army nurses 7 tak5 to      
,santo ,tomas ,int]nm5t ,camp 9 ,manila1
 :]e !y rema9$ until ,febru>y #aide4    
,dur+ ! #cg mon?s 9 captivity1 ^! wom5  
endur$ primitive conditions & />vation  
rations1 b cont9u$ to c>e = ! ill &     
injur$ 9 ! int]nm5t camp hospital4  7#f7
 ,*9ese1 ,*9ese-,am]ican1 &             
,japanese-,am]ican nurses s]v$ 9 ,army  
,hospitals 9 ,*9a1 ,hawaii1 & 9 ! ma9l& 
,unit$ ,/ates "u ! ,army & ,navy ,corps4
 ,despite ! int]nm5t ( _m               
,japanese-,am]ican families dur+ ,_w ,w>
 ,,ii1 ,japanese-,am]ican wom5 jo9$ !   
,nurse ,cadet ,corps to s]ve ! ,unit$   
,/ates4 ,*9ese & ,*9ese-,am]ican nurses 
7 recruit$ by ! ,fly+ ,tig]s1 s]v+ bo? 9
 dang]\s missions ov] ! ,himalayas z    
well z 9 ,u4,s4 ,army hospitals4  7#g7  
,e>ly 9 ! morn+ ( ,novemb] #h1 #aidb1   
#fj nurses atta*$ to ! #dh? ,surgical   
,hospital l&$ (f ! coa/ ( ,nor? ,africa4

 ,! nurses wore helmets & c>ri$ full    
packs conta9+ m$ical equipm5t4 ,)\t     
weapons1 !y wad$ a%ore amid enemy snip] 
fire & ultimately took %elt] 9 an ab&on$
 civilian hospital1 :]e !y began c>+ =  
invasion casualties4 ,!re 0 no          
electricity or runn+ wat]1 & ! only     
m$ical supplies available 7 ^? ! nurses 
_h br\ght !mselves4  7#h7 ,9 ,anzio1    
,italy1 nurses dug foxholes outside _!  
t5ts or "u _! cots & c>$ = pati5ts "u   
,g]man %ellfire4 ,! field hospital t5ts 
7 m>k$ by l>ge r$ crosses & 7 sometimes 
delib]ately hit ) artill]y %ells &      
bombs4 ,on ,febru>y #g1 #aidd1 a ,g]man 
pilot be+ pursu$ by ,briti% fight]      
planes dropp$ #e antip]sonnel bombs on !
 hospital1 de/roy+ #bi w>d t5ts1 kill+  
#bf & w\nd+ #fd4 ,! dead includ$ #c     
nurses1 #b m$ical (fic]s1 a ,r$ ,cross  
work]1 #ad enli/$ m5 & #f pati5ts4      
,troops came to ref] to ! hospital area 
z ,hell's ,half-,acre because x 0 hit s 
frequ5tly by enemy fire4 ,at lea/ #bjj  
nurses took "p 9 ! ,anzio campaign1 c>+ 

= m ?an #cc1jjj pati5ts beh9d enemy     
l9es4  7#i7 ,army & ,navy nurses        
acclimat$ quickly to difficult & dang]\s
 conditions ) a m9imum ( compla9ts1 & 7 
ess5tial memb]s ( ! field armies4  7#aj7
 ,! pres5ce ( nurses at ! front improv$ 
morale because soldi]s realiz$ t !y w\ld
 receive skill$ c>e 9 ! ev5t !y 7 w\nd$4
  7#aa7 ,?anks l>gely to ! ef=ts ( ^!   
nurses1 few] ?an #d p]c5t ( ! ,am]ican  
soldi]s :o receiv$ m$ical c>e 9 ! field 
or und]w5t evacuation di$ f w\nds or    
disease4  7#ab7 ,aft] ! w>1 broad public
 heal? missions requir$ t ,army & ,navy 
nurses sup]vise communicable disease    
measures z =m] enemy c\ntries 7         
reorganiz$4 ,9 ,hiro%ima1 ^! (fic]s c>$ 
= victims ( ! atomic bombs4 ,9 ,muni*1  
!y prev5t$ mass epidemic 9 refugee      
camps4 ,army & ,navy nurses ev5 provid$ 
pr5atal1 infant1 & m5tal heal? c>e 9 o!r
 =m]-enemy t]ritories4  7#ac7 ,nurses   
receiv$ #a1fai m$als1 citations1 &      
comm5dations dur+ ! w>1 reflect+ !      
c\rage & d$ication ( all :o s]v$4       

,sixte5 m$als 7 aw>d$ po/hum\sly to     
nurses :o di$ z a result ( enemy fire1  
includ+ #f nurses :o di$ at ,anzio1 #f  
:o di$ :5 ! hospital %ip ,com=t 0       
attack$ by a ,japanese suicide plane1 & 
#d flight nurses4 ,?irte5 o!r flight    
nurses di$ 9 wea!r-relat$ cra%es :ile on
 duty4  7#ad7 ,9 #aidd1 ,congress pass$ 
a bill t grant$ ,army & ,navy ,nurses   
actual milit>y rank & b5efits1 approv$ =
 ! duration ( ! w> plus #f mon?s4  7#ae7
 ,9 #aidg1 ,congress pass$ legislation  
e/abli%+ a p]man5t ,army & ,navy ,nurs+ 
,corps & gave memb]s p]man5t (fic] /atus
 ) equal pay & ! same b5efits z ^? giv5 
to male (fic]s4  7#af7 ,9 #aidh1 all    
milit>y bran*es 7 integrat$ & female    
doctors 7 f9ally admitt$ to ! ,army     
,m$ical ,corps4  7#ag7 ,al?\gh          
,african-,am]ican nurses 7 fully        
qualifi$ & prep>$ to s]ve z nurses at ! 
onset ( ,_w ,w> ,,ii1 racial segregation
 & discrim9ation made x difficult =     
,black wom5 to jo9 ! ranks ( ! ,army    
,nurse ,corps4  7#ah7 ,z ! ,army ,nurse 

,corps began exp&+ its recruit+ process1
 ?\s&s ( ,black nurses :o want$ to s]ve 
_! c\ntry fill$ out applications4  7#ai7
 ,:ile ! ,army did ev5tually integrate  
,african-,am]ican nurses 9 #aida1 x did 
s unwill+ly & plac$ a quota on ! numb] (
 ,african-,am]ican nurses t !y w\ld     
accept1 capp+ ! numb] all[$ to jo9 at   
#ef4  7#bj7 ,_m ( !m _h h>d%ip t\rs & 7 
s5t to segregat$ camps to take c>e (    
,african-,am]ican soldi]s & w\ld rotate 
& all[ ,:ite nurses reprieve 9 tak+ c>e 
( ,g]man prison]s ( w>4 ,z ! w>         
progress$1 ! numb] ( ,black nurses all[$
 to enli/ rema9$ l[1 al?\gh ! quota 0   
(ficially lift$ 9 ,july #aidd4  7#ba7 ,!
 extraord9>y ef=ts ( ^! wom5 are des]v+ 
( belat$ (ficial recognition4  7#bb7 ,! 
,unit$ ,/ates is et]nally grateful to ! 
nurses ( ! ,army & ,navy ,nurse ,corps =
 _! brav]y & d$ication to _! pati5ts    
?r\gh ,_w ,w> ,,ii1 :i* sav$ lives &    
made significant contributions to !     
defeat ( ! ,axis p[]s4  #c4             
,congressional gold m$al  7a7 ,aw>d     

au?oriz$ ,! ,speak] ( ! ,h\se (         
,repres5tatives & ! ,presid5t pro       
tempore ( ! ,s5ate %all make appropriate
 arrangem5ts = ! aw>d1 on behalf (      
,congress1 ( a gold m$al ( appropriate  
design 9 honor ( ,_w ,w> ,,ii ,army &   
,navy ,nurse ,corps memb]s1 9           
recognition ( ! critical milit>y s]vice 
& devotion to duty ( ^? nurses4  7b7    
,design & /rik+ ,= purposes ( ! aw>d    
describ$ 9 subsection 7a71 ! ,secret>y (
 ! ,treasury 7ref]r$ to 9 ?is ,act z !  
,secret>y7 %all /rike ! gold m$al )     
suitable emblems1 devices1 &            
inscriptions1 to be det]m9$ by !        
,secret>y4  7c7 ,smi?sonian ,in/itution 
7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,foll[+ ! aw>d ( ! gold   
m$al "u subsection 7a71 ! gold m$al %all
 be giv5 to ! ,smi?sonian ,in/itution1  
:]e x %all be available = display z     
appropriate & made available = rese>*4  
7#b7 ,s5se ( ,congress ,x is ! s5se (   
,congress t ! ,smi?sonian ,in/itution   
%\ld make ! gold m$al receiv$ "u        
p>agraph 7#a7 available = display       

else:]e1 p>ticul>ly at-- 7,a7           
appropriate locations associat$ ) !     
,army & ,navy ,nurse ,corps ( ,_w ,w>   
,,ii1 includ+-- 7i7 ! ,u4,s4 ,army      
,m$ical ,c5t] ( ,excell5ce2  7ii7 !     
,wom5 9 ,milit>y ,s]vice = ,am]ica      
,memorial2  7iii7 ! ,u4,s4 ,army ,wom5's
 ,museum2  7iv7 ! ,national ,naval      
,m$ical ,c5t]s2 &  7v7 ! ,national ,_w  
,w> ,,ii ,museum2 &  7,b7 any o!r       
location det]m9$ appropriate by !       
,smi?sonian ,in/itution4  #d4 ,duplicate
 m$als ,! ,secret>y may /rike & sell    
duplicates 9 bronze ( ! gold m$al /ruck 
"u section #c1 at a price suffici5t to  
cov] ! co/s ( ! m$als1 includ+ labor1   
mat]ials1 dies1 use ( ma*9]y1 & ov]head 
exp5ses4  #e4 ,/atus ( m$als  7a7       
,national m$als ,m$als /ruck pursuant to
 ?is ,act are national m$als = purposes 
( *apt] #ea ( title #ca1 ,unit$ ,/ates  
,code4  7b7 ,numismatic items ,=        
purposes ( sections #eacd & #eacf (     
title #ca1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 all     
m$als /ruck "u ?is ,act %all be consid]$

 to be numismatic items4  #f4 ,au?ority 
to use fund am\nts2 proce$s ( sale  7a7 
,au?ority ,to use fund am\nts ,!re is   
au?oriz$ to be *>g$ aga9/ ! ,unit$      
,/ates ,m9t ,public ,ent]prise ,fund su*
 am\nts z may be necess>y to pay = !    
co/s ( ! m$als /ruck "u ?is ,act4  7b7  
,proce$s ( sale ,am\nts receiv$ f ! sale
 ( duplicate bronze m$als au?oriz$ "u   
section #d %all be deposit$ into !      
,unit$ ,/ates ,m9t ,public ,ent]prise   
,fund4