,,ii #aaith ,,congress #ast ,session ,s4 #ahhc ,,in ,,the ,,senate ,,of ,,the ,,united ,,states ,may #bb1 #bjbe,mr4 ,coons 7for himself and ,mr4 ,mc,cormick7 introduced the following bill2 which was read twice and referred to the ,committee on ,foreign ,relations ,a ,,bill ,to require the executive branch to develop a whole-of-government strategy to disrupt growing cooperation among the ,people's ,republic of ,china1 the ,russian ,federation1 the ,islamic ,republic of ,iran1 and the ,democratic ,people's ,republic of ,korea1 which are the foremost adversaries of the ,united ,states1 and mitigate the risks posed to the ,united ,states4 #a4 ,short title ,this ,act may be cited as the ,defending ,international ,security by ,restricting ,unacceptable ,partnerships and ,tactics ,act or ,,disrupt ,act4 #b4 ,findings ,congress makes the following findings3 7#a7 ,the ,people's ,republic of ,china1 the ,russian ,federation1 the ,islamic ,republic of ,iran1 and the ,democratic ,people's ,republic of ,korea are each considered-- 7,a7 a foreign adversary 7as defined in section #hbe7;d7 of the ,national ,defense ,authorization ,act for ,fiscal ,year #bjbd 7,public ,law #aah-ca2 #acg ,stat4 #cbb2 #df ,u4,s4,c4 #ejcji note772 7,b7 a country of risk 7as defined in section #fdcb7;a7 of the ,servicemember ,quality of ,life ,improvement and ,national ,defense ,authorization ,act for ,fiscal ,year #bjbe 7,public ,law #aah-aei2 #ach ,stat4 #bdhh2 #db ,u4,s4,c4 #gadd;b note77 for purposes of assessing counterintelligence risks posed by certain visitors to ,national ,laboratories2 7,c7 a foreign country of concern 7as defined in section #ajfab7;a7 of the ,research and ,development1 ,competition1 and ,innovation ,act 7,public ,law #aag-afg2 #acf ,stat4 #afce2 #db ,u4,s4,c4 #aibba note772 7,d7 a covered foreign country 7as defined in section #afd of the ,servicemember ,quality of ,life ,improvement and ,national ,defense ,authorization ,act for ,fiscal ,year #bjbe 7,public ,law #aah-aei2 #ach ,stat4 #ahah2 #aj ,u4,s4,c4 #dfea note prec477 for purposes of a prohibition on operation1 procurement1 and contracting relating to foreign-made light detection and ranging technology2 and 7,e7 a covered foreign country 7as defined in section #afbb of the ,national ,defense ,authorization ,act for ,fiscal ,year #bjbb 7,public ,law #aag-ha2 #ace ,stat4 #bjhf2 #aj ,u4,s4,c4 #dba note prec477 for purposes of a strategy and plan to implement certain defense intelligence reforms4 7#b7 ,according to the #bjbe ,intelligence ,community ,annual ,threat ,assessment1 the ,united ,states faces an increasingly contested and dangerous global landscape as the four adversaries named in paragraph 7#a7 deepen cooperation in a manner that-- 7,a7 reinforces threats posed by each such adversary individually2 and 7,b7 poses new challenges to the strength and power of the ,united ,states globally4 7#c7 ,much of the cooperation referred to in paragraph 7#c7 is occurring bilaterally1 as the ,people's ,republic of ,china1 the ,russian ,federation1 the ,islamic ,republic of ,iran1 and the ,democratic ,people's ,republic of ,korea strengthen diplomatic1 economic1 and military ties in accordance with bilateral agreements1 which include-- 7,a7 the ,treaty on ,friendship1 ,cooperation and ,mutual ,assistance between ,china and the ,democratic ,people's ,republic of ,korea1 signed at ,beijing ,july #aa1 #aifa2 7,b7 the ,joint ,statement on ,comprehensive ,strategic ,partnership between the ,islamic ,republic of ,iran and the ,people's ,republic of ,china1 issued on ,march #bg1 #bjba2 7,c7 the ,joint ,statement of the ,russian ,federation and the ,people's ,republic of ,china on ,international ,relations ,entering a ,new ,era and ,global ,sustainable ,development1 issued on ,february #d1 #bjbb2 7,d7 the ,treaty on ,comprehensive ,strategic ,partnership between the ,russian ,federation and the ,democratic ,people's ,republic of ,korea1 signed at ,pyongyang ,june #ah1 #bjbd2 7,e7 the ,iranian-,russian ,treaty on ,comprehensive ,strategic ,partnership1 signed at ,moscow ,january #ag1 #bjbe2 and 7,f7 traditional relations of friendship and cooperation between the ,islamic ,republic of ,iran and the ,democratic ,people's ,republic of ,korea4 7#d7 ,the most concerning forms of such cooperation with respect to the interests of the ,united ,states occur bilaterally in the realm of defense cooperation4 ,examples include the following3 7,a7 ,the transfer and sharing of weapons and munitions4 ,since #bjbb1 the ,islamic ,republic of ,iran has supplied the ,russian ,federation with drones and ballistic missiles1 and the ,democratic ,people's ,republic of ,korea has provided artillery ammunition and ballistic missiles4 ,likewise1 the ,russian ,federation has agreed to provide the ,islamic ,republic of ,iran with ,su-#ce fighter jets and air defense assistance4 7,b7 ,the transfer and sharing of dual-use technologies and capabilities4 ,dual-use goods supplied by the ,people's ,republic of ,china have enabled the ,russian ,federation to continue defense production in the face of wide-ranging sanctions and export controls intended to prevent the ,russian ,federation from accessing the necessary components to fuel its defense industry4 ,in turn1 reporting indicates that the ,russian ,federation has provided technical expertise on satellite technology to the ,democratic ,people's ,republic of ,korea and is working closely with the ,people's ,republic of ,china on air defense and submarine technology4 7,c7 ,joint military activities and exercises4 ,the military forces of the ,democratic ,people's ,republic of ,korea are actively participating in the ,russian ,federation's invasion of ,ukraine1 and joint military exercises between the ,people's ,republic of ,china and the ,russian ,federation are expanding in scope1 scale1 and geographic reach1 including in close proximity to territory of the ,united ,states4 7,d7 ,coordination on disinformation and cyber operations1 including coordinated messaging aimed at denigrating and isolating the ,united ,states internationally4 7#e7 ,adversaries of the ,united ,states are also cooperating in a manner that may circumvent ,united ,states and multilateral economic tools4 ,examples include the following3 7,a7 ,the continued purchase by the ,people's ,republic of ,china of oil from the ,islamic ,republic of ,iran despite sanctions imposed by the ,treasury of the ,united ,states on oil from the ,islamic ,republic of ,iran4 7,b7 ,the veto by the ,russian ,federation of1 and abstention by the ,people's ,republic of ,china in a vote on1 a ,united ,nations ,security ,council resolution relating to monitoring ,united ,nations ,security ,council-levied sanctions on the ,democratic ,people's ,republic of ,korea4 7#f7 ,adversaries of the ,united ,states are cooperating multilaterally in international institutions such as the ,united ,nations and through expanded multilateral groupings1 such as the ,brazil-,russia-,india-,china-,south ,africa group 7commonly known as ,,brics71 to isolate and erode the influence of the ,united ,states4 7#g7 ,such increased cooperation and alignment among the ,people's ,republic of ,china1 the ,russian ,federation1 the ,islamic ,republic of ,iran1 and the ,democratic ,people's ,republic of ,korea1 to an unprecedented extent1 poses a significant threat to ,united ,states interests and national security4 7#h7 ,such increasing alignment-- 7,a7 allows each such adversary to modernize its military more quickly than previously anticipated2 7,b7 enables unforeseen breakthroughs in capabilities through the sharing among such adversaries of critical military technologies1 which could erode the technological edge of the ,united ,states ,armed ,forces2 7,c7 presents increasing challenges to strategies of isolation or containment against such individual adversaries1 since the ,people's ,republic of ,china1 the ,russian ,federation1 the ,islamic ,republic of ,iran1 and the ,democratic ,people's ,republic of ,korea now provide critical lifelines to each other2 7,d7 threatens the effectiveness of ,united ,states economic tools1 as such adversaries cooperate to evade ,united ,states sanctions and export controls and seek to establish alternative payment mechanisms that do not require transactions in ,united ,states dollars2 and 7,e7 increases the chances of ,united ,states conflict or tensions with any one of such adversaries drawing in another1 thereby posing a greater risk that the ,united ,states will have to contend with simultaneous threats from such adversaries in one or more theaters4 #c4 ,statement of policy ,it is the policy of the ,united ,states-- 7#a7 to disrupt or frustrate the most dangerous aspects of cooperation between and among the ,people's ,republic of ,china1 the ,russian ,federation1 the ,islamic ,republic of ,iran1 and the ,democratic ,people's ,republic of ,korea1 including by using the threat of sanctions and export controls1 bringing such cooperation to light1 and sharing information with ,united ,states allies and partners who may-- 7,a7 share the concerns and objectives of the ,united ,states2 and 7,b7 have influence over such adversaries2 7#b7 to constrain such grouping from expanding its footprint or capabilities across the world2 and 7#c7 to prepare for the increasing likelihood that the ,united ,states could face simultaneous challenges or conflict with multiple such adversaries in multiple theaters1 including by bolstering deterrence across all priority theaters4 #d4 ,task forces and reports 7a7 ,task forces on adversary alignment 7#a7 ,in general ,not later than #fj days after the date of the enactment of this ,act1 the ,secretary of ,state1 the ,secretary of ,defense1 the ,secretary of the ,treasury1 the ,secretary of ,commerce1 the ,director of ,national ,intelligence1 and the ,director of the ,central ,intelligence ,agency shall each-- 7,a7 establish a task force on adversary alignment2 and 7,b7 designate a point of contact on adversary alignment1 who shall serve as the head of the task force for the applicable department1 office1 or agency4 7#b7 ,requirements ,each task force established pursuant to paragraph 7#a7 shall-- 7,a7 comprise-- 7i7 subject matter experts covering each of-- 7,i7 the ,people's ,republic of ,china2 7,,ii7 the ,russian ,federation2 7,,iii7 the ,islamic ,republic of ,iran2 and 7,,iv7 the ,democratic ,people's ,republic of ,korea2 7ii7 representatives covering all core functions of the department1 office1 or agency of the ,secretary or ,director establishing the task force2 and 7iii7 a mix of analysts1 operators1 and senior management2 7,b7 ensure that the task force members have the requisite security clearances and access to critical compartmented information streams necessary to assess and understand the full scope of adversary cooperation1 including how events in one theater might trigger actions in another2 and 7,c7 not later than #ahj days after the date of the enactment of this ,act1 submit to the ,secretary or ,director who established the task force1 and to the appropriate committees of ,congress1 a report-- 7i7 evaluating the impact of adversary alignment on the relevant operations carried out by the individual department1 office1 or agency of the task force2 and 7ii7 putting forth recommendations for such organizational changes as the task force considers necessary to ensure the department1 office1 or agency of the task force is well positioned to routinely evaluate and respond to the rapidly evolving nature of adversary cooperation and the attendant risks4 7#c7 ,quarterly interagency meeting ,not less frequently than quarterly1 the heads of the task forces established under this section shall meet to discuss findings1 problems1 and next steps with respect to adversary alignment4 7b7 ,report on nature1 trajectory1 and risks of bilateral cooperation between1 and multilateral cooperation among1 adversaries of the ,united ,states 7#a7 ,in general ,not later than #fj days after the date of the enactment of this ,act1 the ,director of ,national ,intelligence1 in coordination with the head of any ,federal agency the ,director considers appropriate1 shall submit to the ,president1 any ,federal officer of ,cabinet-level rank the ,director considers appropriate1 and the appropriate committees of ,congress1 a report on bilateral and multilateral cooperation among adversaries of the ,united ,states and the resulting risks of such cooperation4 7#b7 ,elements ,the report required by paragraph 7#a7 shall include the following3 7,a7 ,a description of the current nature and extent of bilateral or multilateral cooperation among the ,people's ,republic of ,china1 the ,russian ,federation1 the ,islamic ,republic of ,iran1 and the ,democratic ,people's ,republic of ,korea across the diplomatic1 information1 military1 and economic spheres1 and an assessment of the advantages that accrue to each such adversary from such cooperation4 7,b7 ,an assessment of the trajectory for cooperation among the adversaries described in subparagraph 7,a7 during the #e-year period beginning on the date on which the report is submitted4 7,c7 ,an outline of the risks to the ,united ,states and allied diplomatic1 military1 intelligence1 and economic operations1 and broader security interests around the world1 including the following3 7i7 ,the risk of technology transfer dramatically increasing the military capabilities of adversaries of the ,united ,states and its impact on the relative balance of ,united ,states and allied capabilities as compared to that of the adversary4 7ii7 ,the risk posed to the ,united ,states by efforts made by adversaries to establish alternate payment systems1 in particular with respect to the dominance of the ,united ,states dollar and the effectiveness of ,united ,states sanctions and export control tools4 7iii7 ,the risk that an adversary of the ,united ,states might assist or otherwise enable another adversary of the ,united ,states in the event that one or more adversaries become party to a conflict with the ,united ,states4 7iv7 ,the risk that adversary cooperation poses a growing threat to ,united ,states intelligence collection efforts4 7,d7 ,an evaluation of the vulnerabilities and tension points within such adversary bilateral or multilateral relationships1 and an assessment of the likely effect of efforts by the ,united ,states to separate adversaries4 7#c7 ,form ,the report submitted pursuant to paragraph 7#a7 shall be submitted in classified form4 7c7 ,report on strategic approach 7#a7 ,in general ,not later than #ahj days after the date of the enactment of this ,act1 the ,secretary of ,state and the ,secretary of ,defense1 in consultation with the ,secretary of the ,treasury1 the ,secretary of ,commerce1 the ,director of ,national ,intelligence1 and the ,director of the ,central ,intelligence ,agency1 shall submit to the appropriate committees of ,congress a report outlining the strategic approach of the ,united ,states to adversary alignment and the necessary steps to disrupt1 frustrate1 constrain1 and prepare for adversary cooperation during the two-year period beginning on the date of the enactment of this ,act4 7#b7 ,elements ,the report required by paragraph 7#a7 shall include the following3 7,a7 ,a detailed description of the methods and tools available to the ,united ,states to disrupt the most dangerous elements of adversary cooperation1 including the growing connectivity between the defense industrial bases of each adversary4 7,b7 ,a timeline for using diplomatic engagement and intelligence diplomacy-- 7i7 to educate allies and partners about the increasing risk of adversary alignment2 and 7ii7 to secure the support of allies and partners in combating adversary alignment4 7,c7 ,a plan for ensuring the integrity of ,united ,states methods of economic statecraft1 including an assessment of the efficiency of the ,united ,states sanctions and export control enforcement apparatus and any accompanying resourcing requirements4 7,d7 ,a clear plan to bolster deterrence within the priority theaters of the ,indo-,pacific region1 ,europe1 and the ,middle ,east by-- 7i7 increasing ,united ,states and allied munitions stockpiles1 particularly such stockpiles that are most critical for supporting frontline partners such as ,israel1 ,taiwan1 and ,ukraine in the event of aggression by a ,united ,states adversary2 7ii7 facilitating collaborative efforts with allies for the co-production1 co-maintenance1 and co-sustainment of critical munitions and platforms required by the ,united ,states and allies and partners of the ,united ,states in the event of a future conflict with the ,people's ,republic of ,china1 the ,russian ,federation1 the ,islamic ,republic of ,iran1 or the ,democratic ,people's ,republic of ,korea2 and 7iii7 more effectively using funding through the ,united ,states ,foreign ,military ,financing program to support allied and partner domestic defense production that can contribute to deterrence in each such priority theater4 7,e7 ,a plan for digitizing and updating war-planning tools of the ,department of ,defense not later than #a year after the date on which the report is submitted to ensure that ,united ,states war planners are better equipped to update and modify war plans in the face of rapidly evolving information on adversary cooperation4 7,f7 ,an assessment of the capability gaps and vulnerabilities the ,united ,states would face in deterring an adversary in the event that the ,united ,states is engaged in a conflict with another adversary1 and a plan to work with allies and partners to address such gaps and vulnerabilities4 7#c7 ,form ,the report required by paragraph 7#a7 shall be submitted in classified form4 7d7 ,appropriate committees of congress defined ,in this section1 the term appropriate committees of ,congress means-- 7#a7 the ,committee on ,armed ,services1 the ,select ,committee on ,intelligence1 the ,committee on ,foreign ,relations1 the ,committee on ,appropriations1 the ,committee on ,banking1 ,housing1 and ,urban ,affairs1 and the ,committee on ,commerce1 ,science1 and ,transportation of the ,senate2 and 7#b7 the ,committee on ,armed ,services1 the ,permanent ,select ,committee on ,intelligence1 the ,committee on ,foreign ,affairs1 the ,committee on ,appropriations1 the ,committee on ,financial ,services1 and the ,committee on ,energy and ,commerce of the ,house of ,representatives4