,,ii  #aai? ,,congress  #a/ ,session    
,s4 #aceb  ,,9 ,,! ,,s5ate ,,( ,,!      
,,unit$ ,,/ates  ,april #h1 #bjbe,ms4   
,hirono 7= h]self1 ,ms4 ,alsobrooks1    
,ms4 ,baldw91 ,mr4 ,blum5?al1 ,ms4      
,blunt ,ro*e/]1 ,mr4 ,book]1 ,ms4       
,cantwell1 ,mr4 ,coons1 ,ms4 ,duckwor?1 
,mr4 ,durb91 ,mr4 ,fett]man1 ,mr4       
,gallego1 ,mrs4 ,gillibr&1 ,mr4 ,he9ri*1
 ,mr4 ,ka9e1 ,mr4 ,kim1 ,ms4 ,klobu*>1  
,mr4 ,lujn1 ,mr4 ,m>key1 ,mr4 ,m]kley1  
,mr4 ,murphy1 ,mrs4 ,murray1 ,mr4       
,padilla1 ,mr4 ,pet]s1 ,mr4 ,re$1 ,ms4  
,ros51 ,mr4 ,s&]s1 ,ms4 ,slotk91 ,mr4   
,s*atz1 ,mr4 ,s*iff1 ,mr4 ,s*um]1 ,ms4  
,smi?1 ,mr4 ,van ,holl51 ,ms4 ,w>r51    
,mr4 ,wel*1 ,mr4 ,:iteh\se1 & ,mr4      
,wyd57 introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2 :i* 0   
read twice & ref]r$ to ! ,committee on  
,heal?1 ,education1 ,labor1 & ,p5sions  
,a ,,bill  ,to secure ! rights ( public 
employees to organize1 act conc]t$ly1 & 
b>ga9 collectively1 :i* safegu>d !      
public int]e/ & promote ! free &        
unob/ruct$ fl[ ( comm]ce1 & = o!r       

purposes4  #a4 ,%ort title ,?is ,act may
 be cit$ z ! ,public ,s]vice ,fre$om to 
,negotiate ,act ( #bjbe4  #b4           
,def9itions  7a7 ,9 g5]al ,9 ?is ,act3  
7#a7 ,appropriate unit ,! t]m           
appropriate unit means a gr\p ( public  
employees or a gr\p ( sup]visory        
employees appropriate = collective      
b>ga9+ t %>e a community ( int]e/1 z    
demon/rat$ by factors includ+ :e!r su*  
gr\p-- 7,a7 has a b>ga9+ hi/ory or      
hi/ory ( prior organization2 &  7,b7    
reflects ! desires ( ! employees :o are 
seek+ or propos+ repres5tation by a     
labor organization reg>d+ ! employees to
 be includ$ 9 su* b>ga9+ unit4  7#b7    
,au?ority ,! t]m ,au?ority means !      
,f$]al ,labor ,relations ,au?ority4     
7#c7 ,collective b>ga9+ ,! t]m          
collective b>ga9+1 us$ ) respect to     
public employees1 sup]visory employees1 
& public employ]s1 means ! p]=mance ( ! 
mutual obligation ( ! repres5tative ( a 
public employ] & ! exclusive            
repres5tative ( an appropriate unit (   

public & sup]visory employees ( !       
employ] to meet at reasonable times & to
 consult & b>ga9 9 a good-fai? ef=t to  
rea* agreem5t ) respect to wages1 h\rs1 
& o!r t]ms & conditions ( employm5t     
affect+ su* employees & to execute a    
writt5 docum5t incorporat+ any          
collective b>ga9+ agreem5t rea*$1 b !   
obligation ref]r$ to 9 ?is p>agraph does
 n compel ei!r p>ty to agree to a       
proposal or to make a concession 7z     
describ$ 9 section #h7;d7 ( ! ,national 
,labor ,relations ,act 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4   
#aeh7;d7774  7#d7 ,confid5tial employee 
,! t]m confid5tial employee means an    
employee ( a public employ] :o acts 9 a 
confid5tial capacity ) respect to an    
individual :o =mulates or effectuates   
managem5t policies 9 ! field (          
labor-managem5t relations4  7#e7 ,cov]$ 
p]son ,! t]m cov]$ p]son means an       
individual or a labor organization4     
7#f7 ,em]g5cy s]vices employee ,! t]m   
em]g5cy s]vices employee means-- 7,a7 a 
public employee provid+ out-(-hospital  

em]g5cy m$ical c>e1 includ+ an em]g5cy  
m$ical te*nician1 p>am$ic1 or fir/      
respond]2 or  7,b7 a public employee    
provid+ o!r s]vices 9 response to       
em]g5cies t h ! pot5tial to cause dea?  
or s]i\s bodily injury1 includ+ an      
employee 9 fire protection activities 7z
 def9$ 9 section #c7y7 ( ! ,fair ,labor 
,/&>ds ,act ( #aich 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4      
#bjc7y7774  7#g7 ,labor organization ,! 
t]m labor organization means any        
organization ( any k9d t is n "u !      
control directly or indirectly by a     
public employ] 9 :i* su* employees      
p>ticipate & :i* exi/s = ! purpose1 9   
:ole or 9 "p1 ( deal+ ) public employ]s 
conc]n+ grievances1 labor disputes1     
wages1 rates ( pay1 h\rs ( employm5t1 or
 conditions ( "w4  7#h7 ,law ,! t]m law1
 us$ ) respect to a ,/ate or a political
 subdivision !re(1 includes !           
application ( ! laws ( su* ,/ate or su* 
political subdivision1 includ+ any      
regulations or ord9ances issu$ by su*   
,/ate or su* political subdivision4     

7#i7 ,law en=cem5t (fic] ,! t]m law     
en=cem5t (fic] has ! mean+ giv5 su* t]m 
9 section #abjd ( ! ,omnibus ,crime     
,control & ,safe ,/reets ,act ( #aifh   
7#cd ,u4,s4,c4 #ajbhd74  7#aj7          
,managem5t employee ,! t]m managem5t    
employee means an individual employ$ by 
a public employ] 9 a position ! duties &
 responsibilities ( :i* require !       
individual to =mulate or det]m9e !      
policies ( ! public employ]4  7#aa7     
,public employee ,! t]m public          
employee-- 7,a7 means an individual1    
employ$ by a public employ]1 :o 9 any   
workweek is engag$ 9 comm]ce or is      
employ$ 9 an ent]prise engag$ 9 comm]ce2
  7,b7 includes an individual :o is     
tempor>ily transf]r$ to a sup]visory or 
managem5t position2 &  7,c7 does n      
include-- 7i7 a sup]visory employee2    
7ii7 a managem5t employee2  7iii7 a     
confid5tial employee2 or  7iv7 an elect$
 (ficial4  7#ab7 ,public employ] ,! t]m 
public employ] means an entity t-- 7,a7 
employs n less ?an #a individual2  7,b7 

is engag$ 9 comm]ce2 &  7,c7 is ei!r--  
7i7 a ,/ate or ! political subdivision (
 a ,/ate2 or  7ii7 any au?ority1 ag5cy1 
s*ool di/rict1 bo>d or o!r entity       
controll$ & op]at$ by an entity describ$
 9 clause 7i74  7#ac7 ,sub/antially     
provides ,! t]m sub/antially provides1  
us$ ) respect to ! rights & proc$ures   
describ$ 9 section #c7;b71 means provid+
 rights & proc$ures t are equival5t to  
or great] ?an ea* ( ! rights & proc$ures
 describ$ 9 su* section4  7#ad7         
,sup]visory employee ,! t]m sup]visory  
employee means an individual1 employ$ by
 a public employ]1 :o 9 any workweek is 
engag$ 9 comm]ce or is employ$ 9 an     
ent]prise engag$ 9 comm]ce & :o-- 7,a7  
has ! au?ority 9 ! int]e/ ( ! employ]1  
if ! ex]cise ( su* au?ority is n m]ely  
r\t9e or cl]ical 9 nature b requires !  
consi/5t ex]cise ( indep5d5t judgm5t1   
to-- 7i7 hire1 promote1 rew>d1 transf]1 
furl\gh1 lay (f1 recall1 susp5d1        
discipl9e1 or remove public employees2  
7ii7 adju/ ! grievances ( public        

employees2 or  7iii7 effectively        
recomm5d any action describ$ 9 clause   
7i7 or 7ii72 &  7,b7 devotes a majority 
( "t at "w to ex]cis+ ! au?ority "u     
subp>agraph 7,a74  7b7 ,fair ,labor     
,/&>ds ,act ( #aich t]ms ,! t]ms        
comm]ce1 employ1 ent]prise engag$ 9     
comm]ce1 & ,/ate h ! mean+s giv5 su*    
t]ms 9 section #c ( ! ,fair ,labor      
,/&>ds ,act ( #aich 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4      
#bjc74  7c7 ,/ate law ,if any t]m def9$ 
9 ?is section has a sub/antially        
equival5t mean+ to a t]m 7or a          
sub/antially equival5t t]m7 "u          
applicable ,/ate law on ! date ( !      
enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 su* t]m 7or        
sub/antially equival5t t]m7 & mean+ "u  
su* applicable ,/ate law %all apply )   
respect to ! t]m def9$ "u ?is ,act )    
respect to su* ,/ate4  #c4 ,f$]al m9imum
 /&>ds  7a7 ,det]m9ation  7#a7 ,9 g5]al 
,n lat] ?an #ahj days aft] ! date (     
enactm5t ( ?is ,act 7except z provid$ 9 
p>agraph 7#d77;,c771 ! ,au?ority %all   
make a det]m9ation = ea* ,/ate z to :e!r

 ! laws ( su* ,/ate sub/antially provide
 = ea* ( ! rights & proc$ures "u        
subsection 7b7 & n lat] ?an #cj days    
aft] ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 ! ,au?ority 
%all e/abli% proc$ures = ! implem5tation
 ( ?is section4  7#b7 ,consid]ation (   
additional op9ions ,9 mak+ ! det]m9ation
 "u p>agraph 7#a71 ! ,au?ority %all     
consid] ! op9ions ( affect$ public      
employees1 sup]visory employees1 labor  
organizations1 & public employ]s4 ,9 !  
case :]e ! ,au?ority is notifi$ by an   
affect$ public employ] & labor          
organization t bo? p>ties agree t ! law 
applicable to su* employ] & labor       
organization sub/antially provides = !  
rights & proc$ures describ$ 9 subsection
 7b71 ! ,au?ority %all give su* agreem5t
 weight to ! maximum ext5t practicable 9
 mak+ ! ,au?ority's det]m9ation "u      
p>agraph 7#a74  7#c7 ,limit$ crit]ia ,9 
mak+ ! det]m9ation describ$ 9 p>agraph  
7#a71 ! ,au?ority may only consid] !    
crit]ia describ$ 9 subsection 7b74  7#d7
 ,subsequ5t det]m9ations  7,a7 ,9 g5]al 

,a det]m9ation made pursuant to p>agraph
 7#a7 %all rema9 9 effect unless & until
 ! ,au?ority issues a subsequ5t         
det]m9ation1 9 accordance ) ! proc$ures 
set =? 9 subp>agraph 7,b74  7,b7 ,reque/
 ,a public employee1 sup]visory         
employee1 public employ]1 or a labor    
organization may submit to ! ,au?ority a
 writt5 reque/ = a subsequ5t det]m9ation
 ) respect to :e!r a mat]ial *ange (    
,/ate law has occurr$4  7,c7 ,issuance  
,if satisfi$ t a mat]ial *ange 9 ,/ate  
law has occurr$1 ! ,au?ority %all issue 
a subsequ5t det]m9ation describ$ "u     
p>agraph 7#a7 n lat] ?an #cj days aft]  
receipt ( su* reque/4  7#e7 ,judicial   
review ,any cov]$ p]son or public       
employ] aggriev$ by a det]m9ation ( !   
,au?ority "u ?is p>agraph 7#a7 may1 dur+
 ! #fj-;day p]iod beg9n+ on ! date on   
:i* ! det]m9ation 0 made1 petition any  
,unit$ ,/ates ,c\rt ( ,appeals 9 !      
circuit 9 :i* ! cov]$ p]son or public   
employ] resides or transacts bus9ess or 
9 ! ,c\rt ( ,appeals = ! ,di/rict (     

,columbia ,circuit1 = judicial review4  
,9 any judicial review ( a det]m9ation  
made by ! ,au?ority describ$ 9 p>agraph 
7#a71 ! proc$ures conta9$ 9 subsections 
7c7 & 7d7 ( section #gabc ( title #e1   
,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 %all be foll[$4    
7#f7 ,rule ( con/ruction ,9 mak+ !      
det]m9ation describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#a71 ! 
,au?ority %all1 z relevant1 consid] any 
requirem5t impos$ by a cons5t decree    
ent]$ into by ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,ju/ice     
be=e1 on1 or aft] ! date ( enactm5t (   
?is ,act z sub/antially provid+ = !     
rights & proc$ures "u subsection 7b74   
7b7 ,f$]al m9imum /&>d ,! collective    
b>ga9+ rights & proc$ures "u ?is        
subsection are z foll[s3 7#a7 ,a "r (   
public employees & sup]visory           
employees-- 7,a7 to self-organization2  
7,b7 to =m1 jo91 or assi/ a labor       
organization or to refra9 f any su*     
activity2  7,c7 to b>ga9 collectively   
?r\gh repres5tatives ( _! own *oos+2 &  
7,d7 to engage 9 o!r conc]t$ activities 
= ! purpose ( collective b>ga9+ or o!r  

mutual aid 7includ+ ! fil+ ( jo9t1      
class1 or collective legal claims7 or   
protection4  7#b7 ,a requirem5t = public
 employ]s to-- 7,a7 recognize ! labor   
organization ( its public employees &   
sup]visory employees 7freely *os5 9 an  
election by a majority ( su* employees  
vot+ 9 ! appropriate unit or *os5 by    
volunt>y recognition if t me?od is      
p]mitt$ "u ,/ate law7 )\t requir+ an    
election to rec]tify or dec]tify a labor
 organization t is already recogniz$ z !
 repres5tative ( su* employees unless n 
less ?an #cj p]c5t ( su* employees 9 !  
b>ga9+ unit freely sign a petition to   
dec]tify su* labor organization-- 7i7 n 
e>li] ?an ! date t is #a ye> aft] ! date
 ( ! election 7or aft] a volunt>y       
recognition if p]mitt$ "u ,/ate law7 ( !
 repres5tative2  7ii7 n e>li] ?an #a ye>
 aft] ! expiration ( a valid collective 
b>ga9+ agreem5t2  7iii7 n dur+ ! t]m ( a
 valid collective b>ga9+ agreem5t       
7except z p]missible "u clause 7iv772 or
  7iv7 dur+ ! #cj-;day p]iod beg9n+ on !

 date t is #ij days be=e ! end ( a valid
 exi/+ contract2  7,b7 collectively     
b>ga9 ) su* recogniz$ labor             
organization2 &  7,c7 commit any        
agreem5ts ) su* recogniz$ labor         
organization to writ+ 9 a contract or   
memor&um ( und]/&+4  7#c7 ,an int]e/    
impasse resolution me*anism1 su* z      
fact-f9d+1 m$iation1 arbitration1 or    
comp>able proc$ures t culm9ate 9 b9d+   
resolution4  7#d7 ,payroll d$uction (   
labor organization fees = any duly *os5 
repres5tative ( a public employee or    
sup]visory employee pursuant to ! t]ms (
 an agreem5t betwe5 ! labor organization
 & su* public or sup]visory employee1   
:i* %all rema9 9 effect until revok$ by 
su* employee 9 accordance ) its t]ms4   
7#e7 ,! prohibition ( practices t       
int]f]e )1 re/ra91 or co]ce public or   
sup]visory employees 9 ! ex]cise (      
rights gu>ante$ 9 p>agraph 7#a7 or      
regulations issu$ !reund]4  7#f7 ,!     
en=cem5t ( all relevant rights &        
proc$ures provid$ by ,/ate law &        

enum]at$ 9 ?is subsection4  7#g7 ,!     
en=cem5t ( all rights & proc$ures       
provid$ by any writt5 contract or       
memor&um ( und]/&+ betwe5 a labor       
organization & a public employ]1 ?r\gh--
 7,a7 a ,/ate ag5cy1 if ! ,/ate s       
*ooses2  7,b7 at ! election ( an        
aggriev$ p>ty1 ! ,/ate c\rts1 if s      
p]mitt$ "u ,/ate law2 or  7,c7 a        
grievance resolution proc$ure culm9at+ 9
 b9d+ arbitration negotiat$ 9 su*       
contract or memor&um4  7c7 ,compliance )
 rights & proc$ures ,if ! ,au?ority     
det]m9es "u subsection 7a77#a7 t ! laws 
( a ,/ate sub/antially provide ea* ( !  
rights & proc$ures describ$ 9 subsection
 7b71 !n subsection 7d7 %all n apply &  
?is ,act %all n preempt ! laws ( su*    
,/ate4  7d7 ,failure ,to sub/antially   
provide  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,if ! ,au?ority  
det]m9es "u subsection 7a77#a7 t ! laws 
( a ,/ate d n sub/antially provide = ea*
 ( ! rights & proc$ures describ$ 9      
subsection 7b71 !n su* ,/ate %all be    
subject to ! rules & activities ( !     

,au?ority "u section #d beg9n+ on ! lat]
 (-- 7,a7 ! date t is #b ye>s aft] !    
date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act2  7,b7 ! date
 t is ! la/ day ( ! fir/ regul> session 
( ! legislature ( ! ,/ate t beg9s aft] !
 date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act2 or  7,c7 
9 ! case ( a ,/ate receiv+ a subsequ5t  
det]m9ation describ$ "u subsection      
7a77#d71 ! date t is ! la/ day ( ! fir/ 
regul> session ( ! legislature ( ! ,/ate
 t beg9s aft] ! date ! ,au?ority made ! 
det]m9ation4  7#b7 ,p>tial failure ,if !
 ,au?ority det]m9es "u subsection       
7a77#a7 t a ,/ate does n sub/antially   
provide = ea* ( ! rights & proc$ures    
describ$ 9 subsection 7b7 because !     
,/ate fails to sub/antially provide =   
all ( su* rights & proc$ures ) respect  
to any public or sup]visory employees1 !
 ,au?ority %all id5tify-- 7,a7 !        
categories ( public or sup]visory       
employees ( su* ,/ate t %all be subject 
to ! rules & activities ( ! ,au?ority "u
 section #d1 pursuant to section        
#g7;b77#d71 beg9n+ on ! applicable date 

"u p>agraph 7#a72  7,b7 ! categories (  
public employees & sup]visory employees 
( su* ,/ate t %all n be subject to !    
rules & activities ( ! ,au?ority "u     
section #d2  7,c7 ! categories ( rights 
& proc$ures describ$ 9 subsection 7b7 = 
:i* ! ,/ate does n sub/antially provide 
= c]ta9 public employees & sup]visory   
employees2 &  7,d7 ! categories ( rights
 & proc$ures describ$ 9 su* subsection =
 :i* ! ,/ate sub/antially provides = all
 employees4  #d4 ,m9imum /&>ds adm9i/]$ 
by ! ,f$]al ,labor ,relations ,au?ority 
7a7 ,9 g5]al ,n lat] ?an #a ye> aft] !  
date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 ! ,au?ority 
%all issue rules & take su* actions t ! 
,au?ority det]m9es appropriate to       
e/abli% & adm9i/] collective b>ga9+     
rights & proc$ures t sub/antially       
provide = ! m9imum /&>ds describ$ 9     
section #c7;b7 = ,/ates describ$ 9      
section #c7;d74  7b7 ,role ( ! ,f$]al   
,labor ,relations ,au?ority  7#a7 ,9    
g5]al ,9 c>ry+ out subsection 7a71 !    
,au?ority %all-- 7,a7 provide = ! rights

 & proc$ures describ$ 9 p>agraphs 7#a7  
?r\gh 7#e7 ( section #c7;b72  7,b7      
sup]vise or conduct elections to det]m9e
 :e!r a labor organization has be5 *os5 
z an exclusive repres5tative by a       
majority ( ! public employees &         
sup]visory employees vot+ 9 su* election
 9 an appropriate unit2  7,c7 det]m9e ! 
appropriat5ess ( units = labor          
organization repres5tation2  7,d7       
conduct he>+s & resolve compla9ts       
conc]n+ violations ( ?is ,act or any    
rule or ord] issu$ by ! ,au?ority       
pursuant to ?is ,act2  7,e7 resolve     
exceptions to ! aw>ds ( arbitrators t   
violate or exce$ ! scope ( public policy
 ( ?is ,act2 &  7,f7 take su* o!r       
actions z are necess>y & appropriate to 
effectively adm9i/] ?is ,act1 includ+   
issu+ subpo5as requir+ ! att5dance &    
te/imony ( witnesses & ! production (   
docum5t>y or o!r evid5ce f any place 9 !
 ,unit$ ,/ates1 adm9i/]+ oa?s1 tak+ or  
ord]+ ! tak+ ( depositions1 ord]+       
responses to writt5 int]rogatories1 &   

receiv+ & exam9+ witnesses4  7#b7 ,rule 
( con/ruction ,9 provid+ = ! rights &   
proc$ures "u p>agraph 7#a77;,a71 no?+ 9 
?is ,act %all be con/ru$ z sup]s$+1 or  
creat+ or impos+ any requirem5t 9       
conflict )1 any cons5t decree ent]$ into
 by ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,ju/ice be=e1 on1 or  
aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act4  7c7 
,en=cem5t  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,au?ority   
may issue an ord] direct+ compliance by 
any cov]$ p]son or public employ] f\nd  
to be 9 violation ( ?is section1 & may  
petition any ,unit$ ,/ates ,c\rt (      
,appeals ) jurisdiction ov] ! p>ties1 or
 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,c\rt ( ,appeals = !   
,di/rict ( ,columbia ,circuit1 to en=ce 
any su* f9al ord]s issu$ pursuant to ?is
 section or pursuant to rules issu$ "u  
?is section1 & = appropriate tempor>y   
relief or a re/ra9+ ord]4 ,any cov]$    
p]son or public employ] aggriev$ by an  
ord] issu$ by ! ,au?ority "u ?is section
 may1 dur+ ! #fj-;day p]iod beg9n+ on ! 
date on :i* ! ord] 0 issu$ petition any 
,unit$ ,/ates ,c\rt ( ,appeals 9 !      

circuit :i* ! cov]$ p]son or public     
employ] resides or transacts bus9ess or 
9 ! ,c\rt ( ,appeals = ! ,di/rict (     
,columbia ,circuit1 = judicial review4  
,any petition or appeal "u ?is section  
%all be conduct$ 9 accordance )         
subsections 7c7 & 7d7 ( section #gabc ( 
title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code4  7#b7    
,private "r ( action  7,a7 ,fil+ a civil
 action ,unless ! ,au?ority has fil$ an 
ord] ( en=cem5t z provid$ 9 p>agraph    
7#a71 any p>ty may1 aft] ! #ahj-;day    
p]iod foll[+ ! fil+ ( a *>ge ) !        
,au?ority pursuant to ! rules ( !       
,au?ority "u ?is section1 file a civil  
action aga9/ any nam$ ,/ate adm9i/rator 
9 an appropriate di/rict c\rt ( ! ,unit$
 ,/ates to enjo9 su* adm9i/rator to     
en=ce compliance-- 7i7 ) ?is ,act or !  
rules issu$ by ! ,au?ority "u ?is       
section2 or  7ii7 to en=ce compliance ) 
any ord] issu$ by ! ,au?ority4  7,b7    
,tim+ ,any civil action br\ght "u       
subp>agraph 7,a7 %all be br\ght n lat]  
?an ! e>li] (-- 7i7 ! date t is #ahj    

days aft] ! expiration ( ! #ahj-;day    
p]iod 9 subp>agraph 7,a72 or  7ii7 !    
date t is #ahj days aft] ! date t !     
,au?ority dismisses a *>ge describ$ 9   
subp>agraph 7,a74  7,c7 ,notice ,! p>ty 
%all s]ve notice ( ! ,f$]al lawsuit to !
 ,au?ority4  7,d7 ,jurisdiction &       
attorneys' fees ,a di/rict c\rt %all h  
jurisdiction ov] ! civil action fil$ "u 
subp>agraph 7,a7 )\t reg>d to ! am\nt 9 
controv]sy or ! citiz5%ip ( ! p>ties &  
may aw>d reasonable attorneys' fees4    
#e4 ,lock\ts & employee /rikes prohibit$
 :5 em]g5cy or public safety s]vices    
imp]il$  7a7 ,9 g5]al ,subject to       
subsection 7b71 any employ]1 em]g5cy    
s]vices employee1 or law en=cem5t (fic]1
 subject to ! rules & activities ( !    
,au?ority "u section #d1 may n engage 9 
a lock\t1 /rike1 or any o!r organiz$ job
 action ( :i* a reasonably probable     
result is a measurable disruption ( !   
deliv]y ( em]g5cy or public safety      
s]vices4 ,no labor organization may     
cause or attempt to cause a violation ( 

?is subsection4  7b7 ,no preemption     
,no?+ 9 ?is section %all be con/ru$ to  
preempt any law ( any ,/ate or political
 subdivision ( any ,/ate ) respect to   
/rikes by em]g5cy s]vices employees or  
law en=cem5t (fic]s4  #f4 ,exi/+        
collective b>ga9+ units & agreem5ts ,!  
enactm5t ( ?is ,act %all n invalidate   
any c]tification1 recognition1 result ( 
an election1 collective b>ga9+ agreem5t1
 or memor&um ( und]/&+ t-- 7#a7 has be5 
issu$1 approv$1 or ratifi$ by any public
 employee relations bo>d or commission1 
or by any ,/ate or political subdivision
 or an ag5t or managem5t (ficial ( su*  
,/ate or political subdivision2 &  7#b7 
is 9 effect on ! day be=e ! date (      
enactm5t ( ?is ,act4  #g4 ,exceptions   
7a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,au?ority %all n make a 
det]m9ation "u section #c7;a77#a7 t !   
laws ( a ,/ate d n sub/antially provide 
= ! rights & proc$ures "u section #c7;b7
 on ! basis t relevant ,/ate laws-- 7#a7
 p]mit a public or sup]visory employee  
to appe> on ! employee's own behalf )   

respect to ! relation%ip ( ! public     
employee ) ! public employ] involv$2    
7#b7 d n cov] public or sup]visory      
employees ( ! ,/ate militia or national 
gu>d2  7#c7 d n apply to a political    
subdivision ( a ,/ate if-- 7,a7 su*     
political subdivision has a population (
 few] ?an #e1jjj p or employs few] ?an  
#be public employees2 &  7,b7 ! ,/ate 9 
:i* su* political subdivision is locat$ 
notifies ! ,au?ority t su* subdivision  
is exempt f su* laws be=e ! date on :i* 
! ,au?ority makes ! det]m9ation2 or     
7#d7 d n require b>ga9+ ) respect to    
p5sion or retirem5t income b5efits4  7b7
 ,compliance  7#a7 ,actions ( ,/ates    
,no?+ 9 ?is ,act %all be con/ru$ to     
require a ,/ate to resc9d or preempt !  
laws ( any political subdivision ( !    
,/ate if su* laws sub/antially provide =
 ! rights & proc$ures describ$ 9 section
 #c7;b74  7#b7 ,actions ( ! ,di/rict (  
,columbia ,no?+ 9 ?is ,act or 9 ! rules 
issu$ "u ?is ,act %all be con/ru$-- 7,a7
 to require ! ,di/rict ( ,columbia to   

resc9d-- 7i7 section #eja ( ! ,di/rict (
 ,columbia ,gov]nm5t ,compreh5sive ,m]it
 ,p]sonnel ,act ( #aigh 7#a-fje4ja1     
,d4,c4 ,(ficial ,code71 e/abli%+ !      
,public ,employee ,relations ,bo>d ( !  
,di/rict ( ,columbia2 or  7ii7 section  
#ejb ( su* ,act 7#a-fje4jb1 ,d4,c4      
,(ficial ,code71 e/abli%+ ! p[] ( !     
,bo>d2  7,b7 to preempt ! laws describ$ 
9 subp>agraph 7,a72 or  7,c7 to limit or
 alt] ! p[]s ( ! gov]nm5t ( ! ,di/rict (
 ,columbia pursuant to ! ,di/rict (     
,columbia ,home ,rule ,act 7,public ,law
 #ic-aih2 #hg ,/at4 #ggd74  7#c7        
,actions ( ! au?ority ,no?+ 9 ?is ,act  
%all be con/ru$ to preempt-- 7,a7 ! laws
 ( any ,/ate or political subdivision ( 
a ,/ate t sub/antially provide = !      
rights & proc$ures describ$ 9 section   
#c7;b72  7,b7 ! laws ( any ,/ate or     
political subdivision ( a ,/ate t       
sub/antially provide = ! rights &       
proc$ures describ$ 9 section #c7;b71    
solely because su* laws provide t a     
contract or memor&um ( und]/&+ betwe5 a 

public employ] & a labor organization   
mu/ be pres5t$ to a legislative body z  
"p ( ! process = approv+ su* contract or
 memor&um ( und]/&+2 or  7,c7 ! laws (  
any ,/ate or political subdivision ( a  
,/ate t p]mit or require a public       
employ] to recognize a labor            
organization on ! basis ( sign$         
au?orizations execut$ by employees      
designat+ ! labor organization z _!     
repres5tative4  7#d7 ,limit$ en=cem5t   
p[] ,9 ! case ( a law describ$ 9 section
 #c7;d77#b71 ! ,au?ority %all only      
ex]cise ! au?ority "u section #d )      
respect to ! categories ( public or     
sup]visory employees = :om ,/ate law    
does n sub/antially provide ! rights &  
proc$ures describ$ 9 section #c7;b74    
#h4 ,sev]ability ,if any provision ( ?is
 ,act or ! application !re( to any p]son
 or circum/ance is held invalid1 !      
rema9d] ( ?is ,act1 or ! application ( t
 provision to p]sons or circum/ances o!r
 ?an ^? z to :i* x is held invalid1 is n
 affect$ !reby4  #i4 ,au?orization (    

appropriations ,!re are au?oriz$ to be  
appropriat$ su* sums z may be necess>y  
to c>ry out ?is ,act4