,,iv  #aai? ,,congress  #b;d ,session   
,h4 ,,res4 #aeci  ,,9 ,,! ,,h\se ,,(    
,,repres5tatives  ,septemb] #ae1        
#bjbf,ms4 ,mejia 7= h]self1 ,mr4        
,cleav]1 ,ms4 ,r&all1 ,mr4 ,subramanyam1
 & ,mr4 ,clyburn7 submitt$ ! foll[+     
resolution2 :i* 0 ref]r$ to ! ,committee
 on ! ,judici>y1 & 9 addition to !      
,committee on ,h\se ,adm9i/ration1 = a  
p]iod to be subsequ5tly det]m9$ by !    
,speak]1 9 ea* case = consid]ation ( su*
 provisions z fall )9 ! jurisdiction ( !
 committee conc]n$  ,,resolution        
,affirm+ ! commitm5t ( ! ,h\se (        
,repres5tatives to def5d ! ,f\rte5? &   
,fifte5? ,am5dm5ts to ! ,con/itution &  
to oppose ef=ts to intimidate vot]s1    
suppress ! vote1 or int]f]e ) free &    
fair elections4  ,:]eas ! ,f\rte5?      
,am5dm5t to ! ,con/itution gu>antees    
equal protection ( ! laws to all p]sons 
& e/abli%es citiz5%ip = all p]sons born 
or naturaliz$ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 ,:]eas 
! ,fifte5? ,am5dm5t to ! ,con/itution   
gu>antees t ! "r ( citiz5s ( ! ,unit$   

,/ates to vote %all n be d5i$ or abridg$
 on acc\nt ( race1 color1 or previ\s    
condition ( s]vitude2 ,:]eas ^! am5dm5ts
 7 won ?r\gh ! sacrifice ( =m]ly enslav$
 p1 & lat] def5d$ by g5]ations (        
community lead]s & organiz]s1 includ+ ! 
m>*]s beat5 on ! ,edmund ,pettus ,bridge
 9 ,selma1 ,alabama2 ,:]eas ! ,supreme  
,c\rt's #bjac decision 9 ,%elby ,c\nty  
v4 ,hold] invalidat$ ! ,vot+ ,rights    
,act's cov]age =mula t det]m9$ :i*      
,/ates & localities 7 requir$ to obta9  
,f$]al approval be=e *ang+ _! vot+ laws 
z uncon/itutional1 weak5+ ! tools       
available to en=ce ! ,f\rte5? & ,fifte5?
 ,am5dm5ts2  ,:]eas1 9 ! ye>s s9ce t    
decision1 ,/ates & localities h         
repeat$ly adopt$ vot+ laws & practices t
 discrim9ate aga9/ vot]s bas$ on _!     
race1 e?nicity1 or language1 z evid5c$  
by c\rt rul+s aga9/ ^? entities2 ,:]eas1
 on ,april #bi1 #bjbf1 ! ,supreme       
,c\rt's decision 9 ,l\isiana v4 ,callais
 significantly n>r[$ section #b ( !     
,vot+ ,rights ,act1 ! prim>y tool =     

*all5g+ racially discrim9atory          
r$i/rict+1 by limit+ ! circum/ances "u  
:i* race may be consid]$ 9 draw+        
congressional di/ricts & mak+ x m       
difficult to rem$y maps t dilute ! vot+ 
p[] ( m9ority communities2  ,:]eas1 on  
,july #a1 #bjba1 ! ,supreme ,c\rt's     
decision 9 ,brnovi* v4 ,democratic      
,national ,committee also significantly 
n>r[$ ! ability ( vot]s to *all5ge      
discrim9atory vot+ rules "u section #b (
 ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act by e/abli%+ new   
consid]ations t make x m difficult to   
demon/rate t vot+ practices d5y m9ority 
vot]s an equal opportunity to p>ticipate
 9 ! political process2  ,:]eas1 9 !    
mon?s foll[+ ,l\isiana v4 ,callais1     
sev]al ,/ates h r$rawn congressional    
maps 9 ways t elim9ate di/ricts :]e     
m9ority communities' vot]s previ\sly _h 
! ability to elect _! pref]r$ c&idates2 
,:]eas ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t has long      
re/rict$ arm$ pres5ce at poll+ places1 a
 re/riction n[ "u /ra91 9 t-- 7#a7 s5d+ 
troops or arm$ m5 to poll+ places has   

be5 a ,f$]al crime = m ?an #aej ye>s1 ) 
a n>r[ exception = repell+ arm$ enemies 
( ! ,unit$ ,/ates t has nev] once be5   
invok$2  7#b7 (ficials 9 ! executive    
bran* h ackn[l$g$ _! int5tion to deploy 
,immigration & ,cu/oms ,en=cem5t ag5ts  
or o!r arm$ ,f$]al p]sonnel to or ne>   
poll+ places dur+ ! #bjbf elections2 &  
7#c7 immigration ag5ts h already be5    
report$ confront+ election work]s ne>   
poll+ sites dur+ #bjbf prim>y elections2
  ,:]eas ! pres5ce1 or ?reat5$ pres5ce1 
( troops1 arm$ ,f$]al ag5ts1 or         
immigration en=cem5t p]sonnel at or ne> 
poll+ places c be a =m ( vot]           
intimidation t falls mo/ heavily on     
,black1 ,lat9o1 immigrant1 & o!r        
communities ( color1 & has no place 9 a 
free & fair election2 ,:]eas ! ,dep>tm5t
 ( ,ju/ice has sep>ately s\ght to       
compile a national database ( vot]      
regi/ration in=mation1 9 t--  7#a7 !    
,dep>tm5t ( ,ju/ice has dem&$ unr$act$  
vot] rolls1 includ+ p>tial ,social      
,security numb]s & driv]'s lic5se       

numb]s1 f ne>ly e ,/ate & ! ,di/rict (  
,columbia1 & has su$ doz5s ( ,/ates1 l$ 
by (ficials ( bo? p>ties1 t refus$ to   
comply2  7#b7 z ( ,augu/ #bjbf1 !       
,dep>tm5t ( ,ju/ice has lo/ m ?an #bj   
consecutive c\rt rul+s 9 its ef=t to    
compel ,/ates to turn ov] ?is data2 &   
7#c7 ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,ju/ice has arrang$  
to *eck ,/ate vot] data aga9/ a         
,dep>tm5t ( ,homel& ,security           
immigration database t has be5 criticiz$
 = inaccuracies1 rais+ ! risk t eligible
 citiz5s w be wrongly flagg$ & remov$ f 
! rolls2  ,:]eas1 9 ,augu/ #bjbf1 !     
,unit$ ,/ates ,po/al ,s]vice f9aliz$ a  
rule t w\ld impose new requirem5ts on ! 
transmission ( mail-9 & abs5tee ballots 
9 ,f$]al elections1 includ+ new envelope
 design1 b>code1 data-report+1 &        
v]ification requirem5ts1 "u :i* ! ,unit$
 ,/ates ,po/al ,s]vice mu/ refuse to    
accept outb\nd ,f$]al ballot mail t     
fails to satisfy su* requirem5ts2       
,:]eas implem5tation ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates  
,po/al ,s]vice's f9al rule rema9s       

subject to ongo+ litigation z ,/ates &  
local jurisdictions are beg9n+ to mail  
ballots = ! #bjbf g5]al election1 creat+
 unc]ta9ty = election (ficials & vot]s1 
&1 if p]mitt$ to take effect1 c\ld--    
7#a7 require election (ficials to       
rapidly r$esign ballot envelopes1 adopt 
new b>codes1 submit vot] in=mation ?r\gh
 an unte/$ ,f$]al portal1 & comply ) new
 ,f$]al proc$ures dur+ ! busie/ p]iod ( 
election adm9i/ration2  7#b7 result 9 ! 
,unit$ ,/ates ,po/al ,s]vice refus+ to  
deliv] individual ballots or entire     
bat*es ( ballots because ( te*nical1    
pr9t+1 data-entry1 or adm9i/rative      
errors outside ! control ( vot]s2  7#c7 
prev5t o!rwise eligible vot]s f receiv+ 
_! ballots 9 suffici5t "t to m>k &      
return !m be=e applicable deadl9es2 &   
7#d7 disproportionately burd5 vot]s :o  
rely mo/ heavily on vot+ by mail1       
includ+ s5iors1 individuals )           
disabilities1 rural vot]s1 & vot]s :o _c
 easily access an 9-p]son poll+         
location2 ,:]eas an anonym\s ,unit$     

,/ates ,po/al ,s]vice :i/lebl[] ) direct
 k ( ! developm5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates     
,po/al ,s]vice's new ballot-mail sy/em  
has alleg$ t--  7#a7 ! ,f$]al ,ballot   
,mail ,portal & relat$ in=mation        
te*nology sy/ems 7 develop$ on a ru%$   
timel9e )\t suffici5t te/+1 despite an  
und]tak+ ( su* complexity ord9>ily      
requir+ sub/antially m "t2  7#b7 !      
,unit$ ,/ates ,po/al ,s]vice int5ds to  
apply a z]o-p]c5t failure /&>d "u :i* a 
s+le ballot t fails b>code v]ification  
c\ld cause an entire bat* conta9+ ?\s&s 
or t5s ( ?\s&s ( ballots to be reject$ &
 return$ to election (ficials2  7#c7    
vot]s ^: ballots are includ$ 9 reject$  
bat*es may n "k t _! ballots 7 nev]     
mail$ until x is too late to obta9 ano!r
 ballot or vote 9 p]son2 &  7#d7 ^!     
te*nological1 op]ational1 & v]ification 
failures c\ld delay or prev5t pot5tially
 millions ( eligible ,am]icans f receiv+
 mail-9 ballots 9 "t to ex]cise _! "r to
 vote 9 ! #bjbf g5]al election2  ,:]eas1
 on ,septemb] #ad1 #bjbf1 ! ,supreme    

,c\rt d5i$ ! ,trump adm9i/ration's      
reque/ to /ay a nationwide prelim9>y    
injunction block+ implem5tation ( !     
,unit$ ,/ates ,po/al ,s]vice's f9al rule
 = ! #bjbf elections1 leav+ ! rule      
block$ :ile litigation cont9ues1 9 t--  
7#a7 ! ,c\rt conclud$ t ! ,gov]nm5t 0   
unlikely to succe$ on ! m]its ( its     
*all5ge to ! prelim9>y injunction & t ! 
equitable factors did n favor em]g5cy   
relief2 &  7#b7 ,ju/ice ,brett          
,kavanaugh1 concurr+ 9 ! d5ial1 conclud$
 t apply+ ! rule to ! #bjbf elections   
w\ld be arbitr>y & caprici\s because    
,/ate & local election (ficials d n h   
suffici5t "t to reasonably implem5t !   
new requirem5ts be=e ! elections2       
,:]eas ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives has    
repeat$ly pass$ legislation t w\ld      
require docum5t>y pro( ( citiz5%ip to   
regi/] to vote 9 ,f$]al elections & w\ld
 effectively elim9ate mo/ onl9e & mail  
vot] regi/ration1 includ+ by atta*+ ?is 
policy to unrelat$ mu/-pass legislation 
su* z ! ,national ,def5se ,au?orization 

,act1 despite ! fact t m ?an #ba1cjj1jjj
 eligible vot]s1 includ+ _m poor &      
work+-class vot]s & m>ri$ p ^: legal "n 
no long] mat*es _! bir? c]tificate1 lack
 ready access to a passport or c]tifi$  
bir? c]tificate2 ,:]eas legislation has 
be5 introduc$ 9 ,congress1 includ+ !    
,john ,r4 ,lewis ,vot+ ,rights          
,advancem5t ,act1 ! ,protect ,our ,polls
 ,act1 & ! ,protect+ ,our ,democracy    
,act1 :i* seek to re/ore ,f$]al         
protections aga9/ discrim9atory vot+    
*anges1 to require congressional        
notification & an opportunity =         
disapproval be=e troops or arm$ ,f$]al  
ag5ts may be s5t to poll+ places1 to    
protect elections f abuses ( executive  
p[] & to re9/ate ! cov]age =mula = !    
,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife2 & ,:]eas    
section #e ( ! ,f\rte5? ,am5dm5t &      
section #b ( ! ,fifte5? ,am5dm5t ea*    
expressly grant ,congress ! p[] to en=ce
 ! gu>antees ( ^? am5dm5ts ?r\gh        
appropriate legislation1 & ! "r to vote 
is pres]vative ( all o!r rights3 ,n[1   

!re=e1 be x ,t ! ,h\se (                
,repres5tatives--  7#a7 reaffirms its   
commitm5t to ! full en=cem5t ( !        
,f\rte5? & ,fifte5? ,am5dm5ts to !      
,con/itution2  7#b7 condemns ! deploym5t
 ( troops1 arm$ ,f$]al ag5ts1 or        
immigration en=cem5t p]sonnel to or ne> 
poll+ places = any purpose o!r ?an      
repell+ an imm95t arm$ attack1 z provid$
 "u exi/+ law2  7#c7 calls on !         
,dep>tm5t ( ,homel& ,security to /ate   
cle>ly & 9 writ+ t ,immigration &       
,cu/oms ,en=cem5t w n conduct op]ations 
at or ne> poll+ places dur+ ! #bjbf     
elections or any future election2  7#d7 
opposes passage ( ! ,safegu>d ,am]ican  
,vot] ,eligibility ,act1 :e!r z /&alone 
legislation or atta*$ to unrelat$       
legislation su* z ! ,national ,def5se   
,au?orization ,act or a budget          
reconciliation bill1 or any legislation 
t w\ld impose a docum5t>y pro( (        
citiz5%ip requirem5t = vot] regi/ration2
  7#e7 opposes ! collection or          
compilation by any ,f$]al ag5cy ( a     

national database ( confid5tial vot]    
regi/ration in=mation2  7#f7 supports   
re/or+ ,f$]al precle>ance protections   
elim9at$ by ! ,supreme ,c\rt's decisions
 9 ,%elby ,c\nty v4 ,hold]1 & section #b
 protections weak5$ by ! ,supreme       
,c\rt's decision 9 ,l\isiana v4 ,callais
 & ,brnovi* v4 ,democratic ,national    
,committee2  7#g7 supports requir+      
,/ates to provide public notice1 9 a    
=mat accessible to vot]s ) disabilities1
 ( poll+ place locations1 accessibility1
 & ! availability ( accessible vot+     
ma*9es1 suffici5tly 9 advance ( an      
election2  7#h7 opposes any ef=t by !   
executive bran* to decl>e a national    
em]g5cy ov] elections1 to f$]alize !    
adm9i/ration ( elections1 or to o!rwise 
use em]g5cy or immigration en=cem5t     
au?ority to int]f]e ) ! free ex]cise ( !
 "r to vote2  7#i7 calls on ,memb]s ( ! 
,h\se ( ,repres5tatives to reject vot]  
intimidation & vot] suppression 9 all   
=ms & to "w to ensure t e eligible vot]1
 reg>dless ( race1 national orig91 or   

income1 c ca/ a ballot free f fe>2 &    
7#aj7 calls on ! ,speak] ( ! ,h\se to   
commit1 9 writ+1 to promptly adm9i/]+ ! 
oa? ( (fice to any ,memb]-elect1        
,delegate-elect1 or ,resid5t            
,commission]-elect ^u _! election1      
consi/5t ) ! con/itutional requirem5t t 
duly elect$ ,repres5tatives be seat$4