,i  #aai? ,,congress  #b;d ,session  ,h4
 ,r4 #ieib  ,,9 ,,! ,,h\se ,,(          
,,repres5tatives  ,july #f1 #bjbf,mrs4  
,biggs ( ,s\? ,c>ol9a 7= h]self & ,mr4  
,b]a7 introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2 :i* 0    
ref]r$ to ! ,committee on ,=eign        
,affairs  ,a ,,bill  ,to au?orize !     
,secret>y ( ,/ate to take c]ta9 actions 
to c\nt] & r$uce ?reats to ! space      
security ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 to require !
 ,secret>y ( ,/ate to provide c]ta9     
consultations to ,congress on ! space   
security ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & = o!r     
purposes4  #a4 ,%ort title ,?is ,act may
 be cit$ z ! ,am]ican ,space ,lead]%ip =
 ! #ba/ ,c5tury ,act4  #b4 ,s5se (      
,congress ,x is ! s5se ( ,congress t--  
7#a7 ma9ta9+ space z a secure1 /able1 & 
accessible doma9 is vital to ,unit$     
,/ates national security1 economic      
prosp]ity1 & te*nological lead]%ip2     
7#b7 ! ,unit$ ,/ates %\ld coord9ate     
diplomatic1 economic1 & security tools  
to ensure space rema9s secure &         
accessible = future use2  7#c7 x is 9 ! 

int]e/ ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to coop]ate )  
its allies & p>tn]s to promote space    
security ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates & its allies 
& p>tn]s1 includ+ ?r\gh in=mation %>+1  
coord9ation1 & developm5t ( int]op]able 
space capabilities2  7#d7 ,unit$ ,/ates 
space companies are a s(t p[] tool = !  
nation1 provid+ unique capabilities t   
support ! ne$s ( allies & p>tn]s1 :ile  
ext5d+ ,am]ican influ5ce1 enhanc+ ,unit$
 ,/ates security & resili5cy 9 space1 & 
b5efit+ ! ,unit$ ,/ates economy2  7#e7  
?reats to ,unit$ ,/ates space           
capabilities are gr[+ 9 scale1 spe$1 &  
sophi/ication1 risk+ space-enabl$       
s]vices t und]p9 national security & p[]
 ,unit$ ,/ates economic gr[?2 &  7#f7 ! 
prohibition on ! placem5t ( nucle>      
weapons & o!r weapons ( mass de/ruction 
9 space1 z outl9$ 9 ! ,out] ,space      
,treaty ( #aifg 7ent]$ into =ce )       
respect to ! ,unit$ ,/ates on ,octob]   
#aj1 #aifg71 is important = ! cont9u$   
use ( space by all nations4  #c4        
,c\nt]+ ?reats to space security ( !    

,unit$ ,/ates  7a7  ,9 g5]al  ,!        
,secret>y ( ,/ate1 act+ ?r\gh ! ,"u     
,secret>y = ,arms ,control &            
,int]national ,security1 %all lead !    
diplomatic engagem5ts ( ! ,dep>tm5t (   
,/ate to mitigate ?reats to ! space     
security ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4  7b7        
,responsibilities  ,"u subsection 7a71 !
 ,"u ,secret>y1 9 coord9ation ) ! head (
 any o!r relevant bureau ( ! ,dep>tm5t (
 ,/ate or o!r ,f$]al dep>tm5t or ag5cy1 
may--  7#a7 assess curr5t ?reats to !   
space int]e/s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates &       
anticipate future ?reats f l[ e>? orbit 
?r\gh cislun> space1 includ+ by lev]ag+ 
alli$ & p>tn] capabilities to assess &  
attribute actions 9 space2  7#b7        
*>act]ize & communicate ?reats ) allies 
& p>tn]s1 :]e det]m9$ appropriate1      
includ+ risks pos$ by civil1 milit>y1 or
 comm]cial coop]ation ) ! ,p's ,republic
 ( ,*9a or ! ,russian ,f$]ation2  7#c7  
coord9ate ) allies & p>tn]s1 includ+ by 
id5tify+ /rategic locations :]e         
additional space infra/ructure or       

milit>y coop]ation w\ld promote ! space 
security ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates & its allies 
& p>tn]s2 &  7#d7 lead ! ef=ts ( !      
,dep>tm5t ( ,/ate to promote            
int]national norms ( behavior 9 space t 
are favorable to ! national security &  
=eign policy priorities ( ! ,unit$      
,/ates4  #d4 ,space risk r$uction       
measures  7a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,secret>y (   
,/ate1 act+ ?r\gh ! ,"u ,secret>y =     
,arms ,control & ,int]national          
,security1 may pursue int]national norms
 & transp>5cy & confid5ce-build+        
measures on issues ( space arms control 
& milit>y-relat$ space policy issues4   
7b7 ,risk r$uction ,! ,"u ,secret>y1 9  
coord9ation ) ! head ( any o!r ,f$]al   
dep>tm5t or ag5cy1 may pursue           
int]national risk r$uction ef=ts = !    
purposes (--  7#a7 %ap+ int]national    
norms 9 space to det] actions 9 space t 
w\ld disrupt ! space sy/ems ( ! ,unit$  
,/ates & its allies & p>tn]s2  7#b7     
enhanc+ ! ability ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates &   
its allies & p>tn]s to assess1          

attribute1 & respond to de/abiliz+      
actions 9 space1 includ+ by help+ !     
,unit$ ,/ates id5tify if a c\ntry places
 or plans to place a nucle> weapon or   
nucle>-capable deliv]y vehicle 9 space2 
7#c7 increas+ ! /rategic co/s to an     
adv]s>y = disruptive actions 9 space2   
7#d7 improv+ communication among allies 
& p>tn]s to r$uce ! risk (              
miscommunication or miscalculation      
reg>d+ ?reat r$uction activities 9      
space2  7#e7 r$uc+ ! risk (             
miscommunication & miscalculation ) !   
,p's ,republic ( ,*9a or ! ,russian     
,f$]ation2  7#f7 enhanc+ int]national   
coop]ation on space doma9 aw>5ess2 &    
7#g7 mitigat+ ! int5tional creation (   
debris 9 space4  #e4 ,int]national      
agreem5ts relat$ to out] space  7a7 ,9  
g5]al ,! ,secret>y ( ,/ate1 9           
consultation ) ! heads ( any o!r ,f$]al 
dep>tm5t or ag5cy su* secret>y det]m9es 
appropriate1 is au?oriz$ to ent] into   
int]national agreem5ts ) allies & p>tn]s
 t enhance ,unit$ ,/ates out] space     

security--  7#a7 = ! purposes (-- 7,a7  
in=mation %>+1 promot+ int]national     
access1 z appropriate & practical1 to   
,unit$ ,/ates ,gov]nm5t or comm]cial    
out] space capabilities1 sy/ems1 or     
s]vices2 or  7,b7 a*iev+ !              
responsibilities set =? 9 section       
#c7;b72 &  7#b7 :i* are mutually        
b5eficial & consi/5t ) ! national       
security or =eign policy priorities ( ! 
,unit$ ,/ates4  7b7 ,congressional      
consultation ,! ,secret>y ( ,/ate %all  
consult ) ! appropriate congressional   
committees :5 consid]+ ent]+ into an    
agreem5t "u subsection 7a74  7c7        
,congressional notification ,! ,secret>y
 ( ,/ate %all notify ! appropriate      
congressional committees ( its int5t to 
ent] into an agreem5t "u subsection 7a7 
n lat] ?an #ae days be=e ! date on :i*  
su* secret>y ent]s into su* agreem5t4   
7d7 ,rule ( con/ruction ,no?+ 9 ?is     
section %all be con/ru$ to affect !     
normal proc$ures = seek+ advice & cons5t
 f ! ,s5ate on treaties )9 ! mean+ (    

,article ,,ii ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates         
,con/itution4  #f4 ,space security      
dialogues ,! ,secret>y ( ,/ate1 9       
coord9ation ) ! ,secret>y ( ,def5se & ! 
head ( any o!r ,f$]al dep>tm5t or ag5cy1
 may initiate space security dialogues )
 key allies & p>tn]s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 
:i* may be held 9 conjunction ) civil & 
comm]cial space dialogues1 z a =um to   
discuss ef=ts to improve alli$ & p>tn]  
contributions to collective space       
security1 includ+ by--  7#a7 id5tify+   
opportunities to integrate space        
security issues into collective def5se &
 det]r5ce concepts2  7#b7 det]m9+       
priority areas = inve/m5t 9 space sy/ems
 t are int]op]able & complem5t>y to     
space sy/ems ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates2  7#c7   
id5tify & pursue me*anisms to lev]age   
collective indu/rial base /r5g?s ( alli$
 & p>tn] c\ntries to promote secure &   
resili5t supply *a9s2  7#d7 id5tify     
opportunities :]e promot+ ,unit$ ,/ates 
space companies c address security &    
resili5cy ne$s ( allies & p>tn]s2 &     

7#e7 coord9at+ approa*es to diplomatic  
engagem5ts 9 int]national =ums on space 
security issues1 includ+ risk r$uction  
ef=ts1 norm-build+ activities1 &        
engagem5ts 9 /&>ds-sett+ organizations t
 enhance /ability & det]r5ce4  #g4      
,consultations on ?reats to ,unit$      
,/ates space security  7a7 ,9 g5]al ,no 
lat] ?an #ij days aft] ! date ( !       
enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 & annually !reaft] 
= #c ye>s1 ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate1 act+    
?r\gh ! ,"u ,secret>y = ,arms ,control &
 ,int]national ,security1 %all consult !
 appropriate congressional committees on
 ! curr5t & em]g+ ?reats to ! space     
security ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,!          
consultations may include--  7#a7       
in=mation on any roles &                
responsibilities ( ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,/ate  
pursuant to ,executive ,ord] #adcfi 7#ij
 ,f$4 ,reg4 #fjecg2 relat+ to ensur+    
,am]ican space sup]iority72  7#b7 ?reats
 pos$ to ! space int]e/s ( ! ,unit$     
,/ates & its allies & p>tn]s f ! milit>y
 or dual-use space sy/ems ( ! adv]s>ies 

( ! ,unit$ ,/ates2  7#c7 an assessm5t ( 
su* adv]s>ies' int5tions 9 ! space doma9
 & _! po/ure t[>d develop+ int]national 
norms or bilat]al or multilat]al risk   
r$uction me*anisms 9 space2  7#d7 !     
,dep>tm5t ( ,/ate's ef=ts to prev5t su* 
adv]s>ies f endang]+ ! space sy/ems ( ! 
,unit$ ,/ates1 includ+ ?r\gh ef=ts )    
allies & p>tn]s & %ap+ int]national     
norms = behavior 9 space2  7#e7         
in=mation on any c\ntry's plans or int5t
 to put a nucle> weapon 9 space2  7#f7 !
 int5t ( ! ,p's ,republic ( ,*9a or !   
,russian ,f$]ation to use gr\nd-bas$ or 
9-orbit c\nt]space sy/ems aga9/ ! space 
assets ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates or ef=ts to    
hold su* assets at risk2  7#g7 ! /atus (
 int]national discussions on space arms 
control or relat$ space security issues1
 includ+ transp>5cy & confid5ce build+  
measures & space security dialogues     
und]tak5 "u section #f2  7#h7 an        
id5tification ( any exi/+ b>ri]s1       
includ+ policies1 processes1 or         
au?orities t limit ! ability ( ,unit$   

,/ates companies to coop]ate ) allies & 
p>tn]s1 & in=mation on ! /eps !         
,secret>y ( ,/ate is tak+ to address su*
 b>ri]s2 &  7#i7 actions tak5 9 ! prec$+
 ye>1 or plann$ coord9ation = ! proce$+ 
ye>1 ) allies & p>tn]s to safegu>d !    
space security int]e/s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates
 & its allies & p>tn]s4  7b7 ,adv]s>y   
*anges ,n lat] ?an #cj days aft] ! date 
on :i* ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate det]m9es t   
!re has be5 a significant *ange to !    
space po/ure1 int5tion1 or capability ( 
an adv]s>y ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 !         
,secret>y %all notify & consult !       
appropriate congressional committees on 
su* *ange4  #h4 ,appropriate            
congressional committees def9$ ,9 ?is   
,act1 ! t]m appropriate congressional   
committees means-- 7#a7 ! ,committee on 
,=eign ,affairs ( ! ,h\se (             
,repres5tatives2 &  7#b7 ! ,committee on
 ,=eign ,relations ( ! ,s5ate4