,i #aaith ,,congress #b;d ,session ,h4 ,r4 #iejf ,,in ,,the ,,house ,,of ,,representatives ,june #bi1 #bjbf,mr4 ,begich 7for himself and ,mr4 ,obernolte7 introduced the following bill2 which was referred to the ,committee on ,science1 ,space1 and ,technology ,a ,,bill ,to amend the ,national ,artificial ,intelligence ,initiative ,act of #bjbj to require the ,director of the ,office of ,science and ,technology ,policy to establish a prize competition program relating to artificial intelligence1 and for other purposes4 #a4 ,federal grand challenges in artificial intelligence 7a7 ,in general 7#a7 ,national artificial intelligence initiative ,title ,,li of the ,national ,artificial ,intelligence ,initiative ,act of #bjbj 7#ae ,u4,s4,c4 #idaa et seq47 is amended by adding at the end the following new section3 #eajg4 ,federal grand challenges in artificial intelligence 7a7 ,in general ,not later than one year after the date of the enactment of this section1 the ,director of the ,office of ,science and ,technology ,policy 7in this section referred to as the ,director71 acting through the ,national ,science and ,technology ,council and the ,interagency ,committee1 shall establish a prize competition program pursuant to section #bd of the ,stevenson-,wydler ,technology ,innovation ,act of #aihj 7#ae ,u4,s4,c4 #cgai71 for the following purposes3 7#a7 ,expediting the development of artificial intelligence systems in the ,united ,states4 7#b7 ,stimulating artificial intelligence research1 development1 and commercialization that solves or advances specific1 well-defined1 and measurable challenges in at least one of the priorities in the list under subsection 7b74 7b7 ,list of priorities 7#a7 ,in general ,the ,director1 in consultation with industry1 civil society1 and academia1 shall establish1 and annually review and update as the ,director considers appropriate1 a list of priorities consistent with the purposes under subsection 7a71 for the program under such subsection4 7#b7 ,contents ,the list under paragraph 7#a7 may include the following priorities3 7,a7 ,to overcome challenges with the engineering of and applied research on microelectronics1 including through the integration of artificial intelligence with emerging technologies1 such as neuromorphic and quantum computing1 or with respect to physical limits on transistors1 advanced interconnects1 and memory elements4 7,b7 ,to promote transformational or long-term advancements in computing and artificial intelligence technologies through any of the following3 7i7 ,next-generation algorithm design4 7ii7 ,next-generation compute capability4 7iii7 ,generative and adaptive artificial intelligence for design applications4 7iv7 ,photonics-based microprocessors and optical communication networks1 including electrophotonics4 7v7 ,the chemistry and physics of new materials4 7vi7 ,biotechnology1 such as modeling a single cell4 7vii7 ,energy utilization or energy efficiency4 7viii7 ,techniques to establish cryptographically secure content provenance information4 7ix7 ,safety and controls for artificial intelligence applications4 7,c7 ,to promote explainability and mechanistic interpretability of artificial intelligence systems4 7,d7 ,to advance fundamental understanding of artificial intelligence1 including through breakthroughs in theoretical1 computational1 and experimental methods that discover new and transformative paradigms that explain the advanced capabilities of artificial intelligence in domains such as the following3 7i7 ,interpretability4 7ii7 ,control4 7iii7 ,steerability4 7iv7 ,robustness against foreign adversaries4 7,e7 ,to develop artificial intelligence solutions1 including through integration among emerging technologies1 such as neuromorphic and quantum computing1 to overcome barriers to innovations in advanced manufacturing in the ,united ,states1 including in areas such as the following3 7i7 ,materials1 nanomaterials1 and composites4 7ii7 ,rapid1 complex design4 7iii7 ,sustainability and environmental impact of manufacturing operations4 7iv7 ,predictive maintenance of machinery4 7v7 ,improved part quality4 7vi7 ,process inspections4 7vii7 ,worker safety4 7viii7 ,robotics4 7,f7 ,to develop artificial intelligence solutions in sectors of the economy1 such as expanding the utilization of artificial intelligence in maritime vessels1 including in navigation and in the design of propulsion systems and fuels4 7,g7 ,to develop artificial intelligence solutions to improve border security1 including solutions relevant to the detection of fentanyl1 illicit contraband1 and illegal activities4 7,h7 ,to develop artificial intelligence for science applications4 7,i7 ,to develop cybersecurity for artificial intelligence-related intellectual property1 such as artificial intelligence systems and artificial intelligence algorithms for robustness1 resilience1 and security against foreign adversaries4 7,j7 ,to develop artificial intelligence solutions to modernize code and software systems that are deployed in the ,federal ,government and critical infrastructure and are at risk of maintenance difficulty due to code obsolescence or challenges finding expertise in outdated code bases4 7,k7 ,to develop solutions to reduce energy consumption in developing1 deploying1 and maintaining data-efficient and high-performance artificial intelligence models4 7,l7 ,to develop methods to prevent misuse of artificial intelligence systems for malicious purposes4 7,m7 ,to find applications for artificial intelligence in wireless communications systems1 including cellular networks4 7,n7 ,to advance the capabilities of artificial intelligence1 robotics1 and automation for physical laboratory infrastructure and cloud laboratories4 7#c7 ,problem statements2 success metrics ,for each priority in the list under paragraph 7#a7 for which there will be a prize competition through the program under subsection 7a71 the ,director shall publish on ,challenge4gov or a successor website information relating to the following3 7,a7 ,a specific and well-defined problem statement4 7,b7 ,targets1 success metrics1 validation protocols1 and other benchmarks that will be utilized to evaluate submissions to such prize competition4 7,c7 ,each award for such prize competition4 7#d7 ,consultation on identification and selection of grand challenges ,the ,director1 the ,director of the ,national ,institute of ,standards and ,technology1 the ,director of the ,defense ,advanced ,research ,projects ,agency1 and such other agency heads as the ,director considers relevant1 shall each identify and select artificial intelligence research and development grand challenges in which eligible participants will compete to solve or advance for prize awards under subsection 7a74 7c7 ,federal investment initiatives authorized 7#a7 ,in general ,the ,secretary of ,commerce1 the ,secretary of ,transportation1 and the ,director of the ,national ,science ,foundation may each establish1 consistent with the missions or responsibilities of the ,department of ,commerce1 the ,department of ,transportation1 or the ,foundation1 respectively1 a program to carry out challenge-based acquisitions and other research and development investment initiatives the ,secretary of ,commerce1 the ,secretary of ,transportation1 or the ,director of the ,national ,science ,foundation1 as the case may be1 determines consistent with the list under subsection 7b74 7#b7 ,requirements ,each agency head carrying out an investment initiative under paragraph 7#a7 shall ensure the following3 7,a7 ,with respect to each such initiative1 there is1 or will be1 the following3 7i7 ,a positive impact on the economic competitiveness of the ,united ,states4 7ii7 ,a benefit to ,united ,states industry4 7iii7 ,in developing such initiative1 the resources and expertise of any industry and philanthropic partners to such initiative are leveraged to the extent practicable4 7iv7 ,utilization of advanced manufacturing in the ,united ,states1 if applicable4 7,b7 ,all research conducted for such initiative is conducted in the ,united ,states4 7#c7 ,accessibility ,in carrying out an investment initiative under paragraph 7#a71 the head of the agency at issue shall publish on ,challenge4gov or a successor website information relating to the following1 as applicable3 7,a7 ,a specific and well-defined problem statement for such initiative4 7,b7 ,targets1 success metrics1 validation protocols1 and other benchmarks that will be utilized to evaluate submissions to such initiative4 7,c7 ,each award for such initiative4 7d7 ,reports 7#a7 ,notification of winning submission ,not later than #fj days after the date on which the head of an agency makes an award through a program under this section1 such head shall provide to the ,committee on ,commerce1 ,science1 and ,transportation of the ,senate1 the ,committee on ,science1 ,space1 and ,technology of the ,house of ,representatives1 and such other committees of ,congress as such head considers relevant a report on the winning submission for which such award was made and the benefits to the ,united ,states associated with such submission4 7#b7 ,biennial report ,not later than two years after the date of the enactment of this section and biennially thereafter1 each head of an agency for which there is a program under this section shall carry out the following3 7,a7 ,submit to the committees referred to in paragraph 7#a7 a report that includes the following for the biennial period covered by such report3 7i7 ,a description of the activities carried out by such head under this section4 7ii7 ,a description of such program1 including the results of such program4 7iii7 ,information relating to the efforts by such head to provide information to the public and encourage participation with respect to such program4 7,b7 ,make such report publicly available1 including by publishing such report on a website1 such as the ,gov,info website of the ,government ,publishing ,office1 in an easily accessible location4 7e7 ,sunset ,each program under this section shall terminate on the date that is five years after the date of the enactment of this section4 7f7 ,definitions ,in this section3 7#a7 ,agency ,the term agency has the meaning given the term ,executive agency in section #djc of title #e1 ,united ,states ,code4 7#b7 ,critical infrastructure ,the term critical infrastructure has the meaning given such term in section #ajaf of the ,,usa ,,patriot ,,act 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #eaie;c74 4 7#b7 ,clerical amendments ,the table of contents in section #b7;b7 of the ,national ,defense ,authorization ,act for ,fiscal ,year #bjba and the table of contents at the beginning of title ,,li of such ,act are amended by inserting after the items relating to section #eajf the following new item3 ,sec4 #eajg4 ,federal grand challenges in artificial intelligence4 4 7b7 ,studies 7#a7 ,initial study 7,a7 ,in general ,not later than one year after the date of enactment of this ,act1 the ,comptroller ,general of the ,united ,states shall conduct a study of the following3 7i7 ,ongoing prize competition programs carried out under authorities enacted before the date of the enactment of this ,act4 7ii7 ,prize competitions1 generally4 7,b7 ,elements ,the study conducted under subparagraph 7,a7 shall include1 to the extent practicable1 the following3 7i7 ,an identification of the following3 7,i7 ,best practices for prize competitions4 7,,ii7 ,the metrics the ,comptroller ,general of the ,united ,states determines appropriate for evaluating the success of a prize competition4 7ii7 ,an assessment of the following3 7,i7 ,whether such metrics differ between evaluating near-term and long-term impacts of prize competitions4 7,,ii7 ,whether prize competitions can be designed in a way that would result in more effective or revolutionary technology being developed4 7iii7 ,an assessment of the efficacy and effect of the programs referred to in subparagraph 7,a77i71 including with respect to the following3 7,i7 ,whether1 and what1 technology or innovation would have been developed in the absence of such programs4 7,,ii7 ,whether such programs have shortened the timeframe for the development of technology or innovation4 7,,iii7 ,whether such programs are cost effective4 7,,iv7 ,what benefits1 if any1 are gained from carrying out such programs4 7,v7 ,whether the utilization of a grant program or contract would have resulted in such development4 7,c7 ,report and briefing ,not later than #ah months after the date of the enactment of this ,act1 the ,comptroller ,general of the ,united ,states shall provide to the ,committee on ,commerce1 ,science1 and ,transportation and the ,committee on ,energy and ,natural ,resources of the ,senate and the ,committee on ,science1 ,space1 and ,technology and the ,committee on ,energy and ,commerce of the ,house of ,representatives the following3 7i7 ,a report on the findings of the ,comptroller ,general with respect to the study conducted under subparagraph 7,a74 7ii7 ,a briefing on such report4 7#b7 ,interim study 7,a7 ,in general ,not later than three years after the date of enactment of this ,act1 the ,comptroller ,general of the ,united ,states shall conduct a study of each prize challenge program under section #eajg of the ,national ,artificial ,intelligence ,initiative ,act of #bjbj1 as added by subsection 7a74 7,b7 ,elements ,the study conducted under subparagraph 7,a7 shall include1 to the extent practicable1 the following3 7i7 ,an assessment of the efficacy and effect of the set of programs referred to in subparagraph 7,a71 including with respect to the following3 7,i7 ,whether1 and what1 technology or innovation would have been developed in the absence of such programs4 7,,ii7 ,whether such programs have shortened the timeframe for the development of technology or innovation4 7,,iii7 ,whether such programs are cost effective4 7,,iv7 ,what benefits1 if any1 are gained from carrying out such programs4 7,v7 ,whether the utilization of a grant program or contract would have resulted in such development4 7ii7 ,a comparison of such efficacy and effect with the efficacy and effect of the programs referred to in paragraph 7#a77;,a77i74 7,c7 ,report and briefing ,not later than #db months after the date of the enactment of this ,act1 the ,comptroller ,general of the ,united ,states shall provide to the ,committee on ,commerce1 ,science1 and ,transportation and the ,committee on ,energy and ,natural ,resources of the ,senate and the ,committee on ,science1 ,space1 and ,technology and the ,committee on ,energy and ,commerce of the ,house of ,representatives the following3 7i7 ,a report on the findings of the ,comptroller ,general with respect to the study conducted under subparagraph 7,a74 7ii7 ,a briefing on such report4